Showing papers by "Geelong Football Club published in 1986"

Selective Scouring of Dirt from Greasy Wool Part I: A Strategy to Improve Dirt Recovery from Scour Liquor Effluent:

Abstract: Laboratory experiments have shown that dirt removal by a cold suint bowl from both low and high yielding Australian merino fleece wools can increase from 10-25% to 40-60% by adding certain surfactants, builders, or their mixtures. Factorial exper iments show that increasing the concentration of the additives has the most significant positive effect on dirt removal and recovery, and grease removal. Increasing the tem perature of the suint bowl from 20 to 35°C has a less significant positive effect on each of the responses. Changing from a wool with high dirt and medium grease (low yielding) to a wool with low dirt and medium grease (high yielding) results in a lower percentage of both dirt and grease removed by the modified suint bowl, but the overall removal of both is greater than when no additives are present. Factorial experiments also show that one very effective formulation comprises a mixture of nonionic sur factant and soda ash. The settling efficiency of dirt (which determines dirt recovery) is de...

The Effect of Treatment with Perchloroethylene on the Abrasion Resistance of Wool Fabric

Abstract: The Martindale flat-abrasion resistance (MAR) of lightweight wool worsted fabric is improved by treatment with non-polar chlorinated solvents, including perchloroethylene. The rate at which the improvement is obtained with perchloroethylene is temperature dependent, but the optimum effect is obtained only by prolonged extraction, even at high temperature (e.g. 2 h at 80°C). A small increase in MAR is, however, obtained by solvent scouring in a commercial dry cleaning machine at 30–35°C. The improvement in MAR induced by treatment with perchloroethylene has been shown to involve extraction of internal lipids. The most likely source of the lipids is the cell membrane complex; their removal is believed to improve MAR because of a subsequent increase in intercellular adhesion. The improvement in MAR obtained by perchloroethylene treatment is stable to mild finishing procedures, but the magnitude of the improvement is decreased by dyeing at the boil. However, except for samples dyed at pH values less than pH 3, the MAR values of the solvent-treated samples are higher than the values for the untreated and dyed-only material.

27—a study of the removal of vegetable matter by burr beaters on modern worsted cards

Abstract: An investigation is reported in which the efficiency of burr beaters on a modern worsted card was measured over a range of vegetable-matter (VM) types and contamination levels. The results indicate the prime importance of the morels for removing VM from wool. Over-all, the burr beaters removed some 90% of the VM originally present, thicker particles being removed more efficiently than thinner ones. In an extension of the investigation, the efficiency of the comb was measured and found to be high and independent of particle size. This suggests that an increase in the working efficiency of the burr beaters during carding can lead to a reduction in the VM-contamination level of the final top.

22—reduced fibre breakage in continental worsted carding as a result of wool lubrication

Abstract: An improvement in top length and a reduction in noil can be obtained by lubricating scoured wool with mineral oil prior to processing it on a continental card. The improvement is largely independent of the card-production rate. The principal effect of the application of mineral oil to the wool is to reduce fibre-to-metal friction. As the viscosity of the oil decreases, the fibre-to-metal friction also decreases, and top length and noilage improve. Most of Ihe benefit of lubricating scoured wool prior to carding is achieved on the swift of the card.

Hygral Expansion of Wool Yarns

Abstract: (1986). Hygral Expansion of Wool Yarns. The Journal of The Textile Institute: Vol. 77, No. 2, pp. 146-150.

Hydrothermal Setting of Wool-Polyester Blend Fabrics

Abstract: Hydrothermal setting techniques (setting in the presence of water) were used to stabilize wool-polyester blends to piece dyeing. The resultant dyed and finished fabrics differed in several respects from those that were heat set prior to dyeing. Hydrothermal setting generally produced fabrics that were thinner and smoother than those that were heat set, giving the fabrics a smoother and "cooler" feel. The method used to achieve hydrothermal setting also had a considerable influence on the subsequent properties of the fabrics, particularly the tensile properties. Under the conditions used, the tailoring performance of heat set fabrics was marginally superior to that of the hydrothermally set fabrics, but again the extent of the difference depended on the conditions of setting.

15—the effect of the strength properties of wool staples on worsted processing part ii: the location of staple weakness*

Abstract: An account is given of a pilot-scale investigation into the processing significance of the location of the zone of weakness found in greasy-wool staples with different staple strengths. Experiments involved processing sixteen single-bale batches to top. Twelve of these batches included all combinations of four levels of staple strength (20, 30, 40, and 50 N/ktex) and three positions of weakness (tip, middle, and base). Differences in processing were found between batches whose position of weakness was in the middle of the staple and those that had either a tip or a base break. The effects due to position of weakness were manifested principally in the resultant fibre-length distribution of the tops, and this was observed even at high levels of staple strength. However, the effect of position of weakness on Hauteur of the tops and on the losses or noils was overshadowed by the influence of the level of staple strength.

Contact dermatitis to epoxy resin in ileostomy bag

Abstract: Summary Dermatitis under an ileostomy bag and speading to other areas was found to be due to epoxy resin in the bag. This problem has been reported by other authors.

Role of Press Wall Friction in the High-Density Compression of Wool Bales

Abstract: A high-pressure, laboratory scale press was used to measure the coefficient of friction and the shear stresses between the walls of the press and model wool bales made from high-density polyethylene, jute, and paper/nylon woolpack materials. The effects on press wall friction of pack material, moisture content, lubricants, an anti-slip coating, and a change in fabric structure were examined. The significant benefits of using a wax lubricant containing stearic acid to increase "in-press" densities were confirmed using a commercial three-bale compactor in which farm bales, each containing 200 kg of wool, were compressed to densities approaching 1200 kg/m3.

Contact photoallergy to musk ambrette.

Abstract: Summary Photoallergic dermatitis due to musk ambrette is reported in six patients, and the literature on this sensitivity is reviewed. The condition presents with a typical pattern involving the neck and cheeks, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by photopatch testing with musk ambrette.

Colophony in collodion.

Abstract: Sir, Fischer and de Launey' in their paper \"Multifocal fibrosclerosis, cutaneous associations\" present an interesting and unique case. Multiple fibrosclerosis would seem to belong to the scleroderma-pseudoscleroderma group of connective tissue diseases with typical skin signs on the lower extremities of necrotising vasculitis, atrophie blanche and kaposiform acroangiodermatitis. All three conditions arise on a background of venous stasis due to compression of the inferior vena cava by the retroperitoneal fibrotic process. The concept of 'pseudokaposi' was introduced by Mali et al. ̂ and some of their patients had a combination of the pseudokaposi plaques and of white atrophy of Milian. Both conditions were attributed to associated venous stasis. Bluefarb 3 and Stewart\" independently reported similar pseudokaposi lesions due to arteriovenous anastomoses. Prior to the introduction of the pseudokaposi concept, many eminent dermatologists misdiagnosed these conditions as Kaposi sarcoma. In the 1950s, following the wide use of penicillin for all kinds of dermatoses, there were reports of Kaposi sarcoma resolving following prolonged high dosage penicillin therapy. Between 1955 and 1969 I observed a patient suffering from kaposiform angiodermatitis and atrophie blanche' in whom lesions eventually healed following treatment with high doses of antibiotics, leaving inactive scars. I think it likely that the good results of penicillin therapy reported by Pierini and Grinspan^ in one-fifth of their 39 patients affected by Kaposi sarcoma were obtained in treating these pseudokaposi cases. The use of antibiotics and supportive bandages to assist in controlling venous stasis might be suggested in addition to the treatment used by Fischer and de Launey.

Flow of Gas-Solid Mixtures through Standpipes and Valves

Abstract: The subject matter of this chapter is the flow of a gas-solid mixture in a pipe and through an orifice: the flow of the granular solid will be downward, while the flow of the gas may be cocurrent or countercurrent to the solid Such a pipe, with a downflow of particulate solid, is often referred to as a standpipe It can be a vertical pipe connected to the bottom opening of a hopper, a cyclone dipleg, or a solids transfer line for transferring solids out of a fluidized bed Examples of standpipes can be found in the hydrocarbon cracking process, the Fischer-Tropsch process, the coal gasification and liquefaction processes, and other processes involving the downflow of solids in a pipe A number of such processes have been described by Zenz and Othmer (1960) and by Kunii (1980) The flow of solids through an orifice is often associated with the downflow of solids through a pipe where a valve (ie, an orifice) is present at one or both ends of a standpipe