Government College Women University

About: Government College Women University is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Nanofluid & Nusselt number. The organization has 295 authors who have published 517 publications receiving 6378 citations.

Soybean mosaic disease (SMD): a review

Abstract: Soybean Mosaic Disease (SMD) is one of the most serious, devastating, and widespread diseases of Glycine max (L.) Merry. caused by Soybean Mosaic Virus (SMV). It is more prevalent in low-lying and ...

Spatial and Seasonal Studies of Sedimentological and Neoichnological Characteristics from Mangrove areas of Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to appraise the physicochemical properties of mangrove sediments and their influence on neoichnological properties produced by different crab species from Korangi Creek (S1) and Sandspit backwater areas (S2 and S3), Karachi. The significant spatial, seasonal and tidal differences (p <0.05) were examined in %moisture, %porosity and sorting coefficient Φ.The significant spatial and seasonal variations were observed in total organic matter, mean Φ, skewness Φ and kurtosis Φ of sediment. Neoichnological properties (burrow number, diameter and total burrow opening area) were observed with significant differences among the macrohabitat (stations) and microhabitat (tidal levels). The correlation analysis indicated that the neoichnological properties are strongly linked with sedimentological properties such as water contents, total organic matter and textural parameters. This study could be employed to distinguish between different paleoenvironmental controlling factors, predicated on similar paleoichnological features made by similar fossil organisms in a mangrove environment.

Polarization: Its Determinants and Decomposition Overtime In Pakistan

Abstract: Polarization is an interesting additional social indicator for analyzing income inequality and poverty across countries, as it captures the phenomenon of ‘clustering around extreme poles'. Rising income polarization can be harmful since it is closely linked to poverty, social exclusion, social tension and social unrest. Present study emphasizes on the measurement of income polarization in Pakistan to determine the degree of this social conflict. Polarization is measured by the index provided in Bossert and Schwor (2006). Results are further decomposed over time to identify the major factors contributing to polarization in Pakistan. Pakistan Integrated Household Survey (PIHS) and Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM) surveys for the years 2001-02, 2004-05 and 2007-08 are utilized for the sake of empirical analysis. The results reveal that the polarization increased from 2001-02 to 2004-05 and then it decreased from 2004-05 to 2007-08.

Linking fish and crustacean taxonomic composition with seasonal contrasts in the soft-bottom intertidal zone

Abstract: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the seasonal fish and crustacean variations concerning taxonomic composition, species richness, and diversity in sandy beach habitat. For this purpose, we investigated the Sonmiani Hor lagoon area during four distinct seasons, i.e., northeast (NE) monsoon, pre-monsoon, south-west (SW) monsoon, and post-monsoon for one year. During each haul, the net was pulled about 100m along the beach in 0.5m depth. The results showed a strong linear correlation between the diversity index and equitability in fishes (r = 0.978). The diversity index was strong negatively correlated with the abundance and biomass (r = -0.978, -0.972, respectively). The physical attributes like sea surface water temperature and salinity showed a strong negative effect on species assemblages (r = -0.981 and -0.943, respectively). The mean air and water temperature illustrated approximately 3°C difference during NE and pre-monsoon seasons. However, salinity, pH, and electrical conductivity did not show any significant seasonal variabilities. Under the ecological indices, the fish species displayed higher diversity (H' = 3.19) during SW monsoon, whereas the lowest diversity was observed during pre-monsoon (H' = 1.58). The equitability and species richness, however, remained more noticeable during SW monsoon (J' = 0.81). The total number of individuals of fish and crustaceans reached 4799 with 3813 fish individuals and 986 individuals of crustaceans. A total of 27 families of fish while five crustacean families comprising of 30 genera and 38 fish species while ten genera and 17 species of crustaceans were recorded. Liza subviridis displayed the highest abundance among the sampled fish species. In conclusion, fish species constituted a significant part of the coastal fauna in the study area. The seasonal variations displayed distinct variations in fish species composition and diversity.

Voltammetric Detection of Hg(II) in Real Wastewater Using Red Alga Modified Carbon Paste Electrode: Mechanism Insight

Abstract: Mercury is one of the persistent environmental pollutants, and its detection has gained massive attention these days. The study exploited the ability of unicellular red alga Porphyridium cruentum-based carbon paste electrode to detect Hg(II) in wastewater. Hg(II) is initially deposited as Hg $$^{0}$$ on the surface of electrode by applying deposition potential of − 0.5 V, which afterward stripped off using anodic scan between − 0.5 and $$+$$ 0.5 V. Experimental parameters like biomass-to-carbon ratio, deposition potential, accumulation time, pH of accumulating medium were optimized. Best response of P. cruentum-based electrode for Hg(II) was obtained using 10% biomass at pH 7. Carboxylate and phosphate functional moieties on the surface of modified electrode are mainly involved in accumulation and stripping procedure of Hg(II). The limit of detection for Hg(II) by the proposed electrochemical sensor was found to be 0.95 $$\upmu $$ g $$\hbox {L}^{-1}$$ . The efficiency of modified electrode was studied in the presence of several interfering ions. In the end, intraday and interday precision studies were carried out for real wastewater samples, and further, these results were compared to a standard analytical method for evaluating efficacious working of modified electrode.