Showing papers by "Leicester Royal Infirmary published in 1983"
TL;DR: A 28-year-old fitter and turner was scalped at work and the scalp was avulsed from the nuchal area to the eyebrows in one piece and it was successfully replanted by microvascular surgery.
70 citations
41 citations
TL;DR: The conduction delay found in hypothyroidism is to a large extent dependent upon a subnormal body temperature and warming untreated Hypothyroid patients significantly improved both central and peripheral nerve conduction.
Abstract: 1 The latencies of the visual evoked responses, indices of central nerve conduction, and peripheral nerve conduction were slowed in patients with primary hypothyroidism compared with controls 2 In thyrotoxic patients, there was no change in the latencies of the visual evoked responses and peripheral nerve conduction compared with the control group 3 The abnormalities seen in hypothyroidism were reversed by L-thyroxine therapy 4 Warming untreated hypothyroid patients significantly improved both central and peripheral nerve conduction 5 The conduction delay found in hypothyroidism is to a large extent dependent upon a subnormal body temperature
38 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the strain patterns of isolates from the genitalia showed that there were no statistically significant differences between types associated with clinically overt Candida infection and types isolated in the absence of symptoms of candidosis.
31 citations
TL;DR: Findings suggest that caution should be exercised with the use of Intralipid in patients at particular risk of sepsis, and that this detrimental effect on monocytes may follow phagocytosis of lipid particles.
27 citations
TL;DR: Ninety‐four patients undergoing elective surgery received ranitidine 100 mg or 50 mg intravenously one hour pre‐operatively, or acted as controls, and there were no significant differences in the volumes of gastric aspirate.
Abstract: Ninety-four patients undergoing elective surgery received ranitidine 100 mg or 50 mg intravenously one hour pre-operatively, or acted as controls. A gastric aspirate pH in excess of 2.5 one to two hours after administration was achieved in 93% of patients given 100 mg, 88% of those given 50 mg, and 61% of controls. There were no significant differences in the volumes of gastric aspirate.
21 citations
14 citations
14 citations
TL;DR: Full biochemical and immunological studies on a family with this disorder are reported and it is suggested that, in view of its collagen-like amino-acid sequences, complement factor Clq might be affected.
Abstract: Prolidase (EC3.4.3.7) is an enzyme hydrolysing dipeptides containing C-terminal proline or hydroxyproline. A deficiency in this enzyme (McKusick 26413) produces an iminodipeptiduria and is reported to be associated with leg ulceration, unusual facies, mental retardation, hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal abnormalities and a lowered resistance to infection. There have been sporadic reports of elevated immunoglobulins and thrombocytopenia and it has been suggested that, in view of its collagen-like amino-acid sequences, complement factor Clq might be affected (Rosenberg and Scriver, 1980). We report full biochemical and immunological studies on a family with this disorder.
14 citations
TL;DR: Fluorescent‐labelled Concanavalin A (ConA) has been applied to frozen and fixed, processed sections of normal, hyperplastic and malignant human breast tissue and the best results are obtained with Bouin's fixed material or trypsinised sections of tissue fixed in 4 per cent.
Abstract: Fluorescent-labelled Concanavalin A (ConA) has been applied to frozen and fixed, processed sections of normal, hyperplastic and malignant human breast tissue. No loss of binding activity occurs with fixation and the best results are obtained with Bouin's fixed material or trypsinised sections of tissue fixed in 4 per cent. formaldehyde in saline. A difference in reaction has been demonstrated between normal tissue, hyperplastic tissue and carcinomas, which is further accentuated when a lower concentration of ConA-FITC is used. Staining is consistently localised to the cell periphery in all benign tissue, the well differentiated carcinomas and some of the moderately differentiated tumours. A mixed pattern of reaction with staining of the cell periphery and cell cytoplasm is seen in some tumours, whilst many of the poorly differentiated carcinomas show cytoplasmic staining only. There is a significant correlation between the pattern of staining and the histological differentiation of carcinomas, and between the degree of reactivity and differentiation. It is suggested that any relationship ConA reactivity may have to prognosis may be strongly associated with tumour differentiation.
14 citations
TL;DR: The Sheffield cot deaths project is too small for satisfactory inferences to be drawn, and the rates for Trent, based on more substantial numbers, are noticeably lower than the corresponding rates for England and Wales.
TL;DR: It is concluded that immunohistochemistry is a suitable method for the demonstration of prolactin binding sites in human breast tissue and can provide useful information with regard to tumour heterogeneity.
Abstract: An immunohistochemical method involving the application of purified human prolactin and a specific antiserum to human prolactin, followed by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase immunoperoxidase technique, has been used to detect prolactin binding in benign and malignant human breast tissue. The use of fresh, frozen material has been found to be essential. Prolactin binding has been shown to be a consistent feature of benign breast tissue but a variation within samples has been noted which is irrespective of hyperplastic changes. Fifty six percent of breast carcinomas gave a positive reaction but heterogeneity of binding has been shown to be a significant feature. A relationship between the presence and extent of prolactin binding and good histological differentiation of the tumours has been noted. It is concluded that immunohistochemistry is a suitable method for the demonstration of prolactin binding sites in human breast tissue and can provide useful information with regard to tumour heterogeneity.
TL;DR: A review of the methods of fracture splintage that were used before the introduction of gypsum helps to provide a perspective of the merits of this material, whose properties and availability have been taken for granted for more than a hundred years.
Abstract: Gypsum or plaster-of-Paris has given long and efficient service in the management of fractures of the leg, and in spite of the recent introduction of a variety of synthetic materials (Hunt, 1980) it remains the most commonly used splintage material. Plaster-of-Paris bandages can compete successfully with synthetic ones because of their convenience and easy use notwithstanding the superior strength, shorter curing time, water resistance, and radiotranslucence of the synthetics. However, Orthoplast in sheet form is a very satisfactory material for forming the tibial cast brace while synthetic bandages with plastic flexible hinges are advantageous for femoral cast bracing. Nowadays, in fact, plaster-of-Paris has been supplanted to some extent. A review of the methods of fracture splintage that were used before the introduction of gypsum helps to provide a perspective of the merits of this material, whose properties and availability have been taken for granted for more than a hundred years.
TL;DR: For those milk banks which depend mostly on drip milk, the energy value of its donor milk can be improved to a more acceptable level, and total volumes of donations increased, by encouraging mothers to combine collections of both drip and expressed milk.
TL;DR: In order to illustrate the current pattern of use, 50 patients were reviewed who were examined by computerized tomography of the head during admission through the Accident and Emergency (A & E) Department and the advantage to be gained when CT was available in a district general hospital (with teaching status) was suggested.
Abstract: In order to illustrate our current pattern of use, 50 patients were reviewed who were examined by computerized tomography (CT) of the head during admission through the Accident and Emergency (A & E) Department Fourteen (28 per cent) had no history of head injury but exhibited diminished conscious level, epilepsy, headache, or hemiplegia The 36 cases of head injury were analysed in order to see whether they met certain criteria proposed by other authors, and to suggest the advantage to be gained when CT was available in a district general hospital (with teaching status)
TL;DR: This paper sets out to compare quantitatively a number of cellular fatty acids in species within the Legionellaceae and to investigate the content of the same fatty acid content in other Gram-negative organisms.
Abstract: Cellular fatty acid composition is useful for the identification and classification of bacteria [ 1 ]. This is particularly so for the Legionellaceae, whose fatty acid content has been shown to be unusual among Gram-negative organisms by its abundance of branched-chain fatty acids [2-7]. To date, seven species have been described within the Legionellaceae [5,7-11] and differences in their fatty acid content reported [6,7]. From genetic relatedness and phenotypic similarities, three genera (Legionella, Fluoribacter and Tatlockia) have been proposed [8,12,13]. The relationship of the Legionellaceae to other bacterial groups is still being investigated. Brenner [8] suggested there were genera, among which he included Acinetobacter, Branhamella, Kingella, Moraxella and Sirnonsiella, not readily excluded from relatedness to the Legionellaceae. This paper sets out to compare quantitatively a number of cellular fatty acids in species within the Legionellaceae and to investigate the content of the same fatty acids in other Gram-negative organisms. Its object is to aid identification and classification of the Legionellaceae. blood agar [14] for 72 h at 37°C in 5% CO 2. The cells were harvested and washed twice. Saponification, methylation and extraction of the fatty acid was carried out according to Moss [1]. A Perkin-Elmer Sigma 3 gas chromatograph with flame ionisation detectors and glass columns packed with 3% OV-1 on Chromosorb w.hp 100-120 was used to analyse the methylated fatty acids. A computing integrator (Supergrator--Columbia Scientific Industries) gave peak areas and retention times. The temperature programme was 160°C held for 2 min, then increased at 4 °C /min to 222°C. The nitrogen carrier gas flow rates were 35 cm3/min. Each extract was chromatographed twice to obtain (A) percentage values for each peak of the total fatty acid content; (B) peak relative retention times (RRTs), after the addition of a methylated myristic acid (C14) internal standard. A presumptive identity of fatty acids with known relative retention times was made by comparing fatty acid profiles of L. pneumophila type strain (Philadelphia 1) (Fig. 1) and L. micdadei type strain (Tatlock) (Fig. 3) with reports [2,3] in which mass spectrometry had been employed.
TL;DR: The results suggest that hypersensitivity to pressor agents develops after hypertension has become established and as a consequence of structural vascular change in response to the raised blood pressure.
Abstract: Pressor responsiveness to angiotensin II and noradrenaline have been examined using a blood perfused hind limb preparation in early and chronic renovascular hypertension before and after correction of the hypertension by removing the renal artery clip. Hypersensitivity was only partially developed in the early phase but markedly so in the chronic phase. After renal artery unclipping blood pressure returned to normal within 24 h despite the continued presence of enhanced vascular reactivity. When studied 60 days after unclipping, pressor responsiveness had returned to normal in both previously early and chronic hypertensive rats. These results suggest that hypersensitivity to pressor agents develops after hypertension has become established and as a consequence of structural vascular change in response to the raised blood pressure. Although these changes may play a role in the maintenance of blood pressure in chronic hypertension they are of little importance in the development of hypertension.
TL;DR: A seven-category classification of perinatal deaths is proposed and an analysis using multi-group discriminant analysis is reported, finding that some risk factors are relevant only to certain subgroups of cases.
Abstract: Case-control studies are usually analysed by two-group discriminant analysis or by a related method. However, in case-control studies of perinatal mortality the cases (perinatal deaths) are far from homogeneous, and it is likely that some risk factors are relevant only to certain subgroups of cases. This paper proposes a seven-category classification of perinatal deaths and reports an analysis using multi-group discriminant analysis. The problem is further complicated by non-random sampling of controls.
TL;DR: Informed consent J.M. Buxton-Hopkin, MD and P.R. Hunter, MD, FFARCS.
Abstract: Informed consent J.M. Cundy. FFARCS A.R. Hunter. MD. FFARCS Postoperative spasticity and shivering D.A. Buxton-Hopkin. MD. FFARCS Epidural blood patch I.M. Bali, PhD, FFARCS Doxapram and idiopathic hypoventilation A.R. Hunter. M D , FFARCS Pulmonary artery puncture following subclavian venous cannulation N.P. Hirsch. FFARCS and P.N. Robinson, FFARCS Drug interaction? B. Yare, FFARCS and S.M. Mostafa, FFARCS A powered pressure infusor A.P. White, M B , BS FFARCS
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: Five special cases of the general model can be described that model all possible 'selectivities' the ligands may have for the sites, and are shown to be a useful technique to qualitatively examine the underlying binding reactions.
Abstract: A general model has been developed describing the relationship between the measured (IC50) and absolute affinities (KI), observed in radioligand binding studies when two ligands, one radioactive, interact with two receptors or binding sites The model shows the dependence of the IC50's upon the concentration of radioligand for any combinations of the absolute affinities of the radioligand (Kd's) and the displacing ligand (KI's) By constraining the affinities of the two ligands for the sites, five special cases of the general model can be described that model all possible 'selectivities' the ligands may have for the sites The properties of these five cases can be exploited experimentally to probe the nature of the ligand/site interactions by the simple expedient of constructing a number of displacement curves at different radioligand concentrations The method has been tested experimentally in three situations where two ligand/two site interactions occur, and is shown to be a useful technique to
TL;DR: Despite similar maternal characteristics, with the exception of reduced maternal size, a significant reduction in the birth weight and placental size of Indian infants was seen, suggesting that growth rates of the feto-placental unit may differ, particularly in later pregnancy.
Abstract: SummaryFeto-placental function tests in European and Gujarati Indian pregnacies were reviewed prospectively. Despite similar maternal characteristics, with the exception of reduced maternal size, a significant reduction in the birth weight and placental size of Indian infants was seen. α-Fetoprotein levels at 16 weeks pregnant were similar in both groups, but urinary total oestrogen excretion and serum human placental lactogen levels were lower in the Indian group between 30 and 40 weeks. The rate of increase in production of both substances also differed, suggesting that growth rates of the feto-placental unit may differ, particularly in later pregnancy. If feto-placental function tests are to be reliable in the detection of poor intra-uterine growth in an immigrant community it is necessary that appropriate normal values be used.
TL;DR: Maternal height and birth weight were significantly lower in the Indian group and the incidence of caesarean section was twice that in the European group and was only associated with short stature in subjects in both groups of height less than 149 cm.
Abstract: SummaryThe association between maternal stature and method of delivery was investigated prospectively in 651 Gujarati Indian subjects and 3576 Europeans. Maternal height and birth weight were significantly lower in the Indian group. The incidence of forceps delivery was similar in the groups and was not associated with stature in the Indians. The incidence of caesarean section in the Indian group was twice that in the European group and was only associated with short stature in subjects in both groups of height less than 149 cm. The increased incidence of caesarean section in the Indian group is probably mainly the result of an increased incidence of fetal distress rather than the result of an increased incidence of disproportion.