Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University

About: Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University is a education organization based out in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Welding & Computer science. The organization has 996 authors who have published 1804 publications receiving 16594 citations.

Artificial neural network based predictive negative hydrogen ion helicon plasma source for fusion grade large sized ion source

Abstract: Ion source operation and control is a challenging task, and the manual search of the optimized input parameter by the operator becomes a time consuming and cumbersome process. HELicon Experiment for Negative Ion Source (HELEN-I) with single driver developed at the Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) for the production negative hydrogen ion involves a multitude of interacting systems (such as Radio Frequency (RF) power, gas feed pressure, magnetic fields). This paper presents an Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven multiple-input and multiple-output model for HELEN-I to get optimized values of ion saturation current (mA) and high plasma density of order 1018/m3. The developed Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based model predicts the outputs of the HELEN-I and is further utilizes a heuristic global optimization Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to select optimal source parameters to predict the desired outputs without conducting real-time experiments. The experimental studies further validate the results obtained by the proposed approach.

Cucurbit[6]uril Glued Magnetic Clay Hybrid as a Catalyst for Nitrophenol Reduction

Abstract: Cucurbit[6]uril (CB6) was used as a molecular glue for preparation of a new hybrid material using exfoliated montmorillonite clay and copper ferrite magnetic nanoparticles. Hybrid material was prepared by ultra-sonication method and characterised by FTIR, DR UV–Vis, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, TGA and BET surface area measurements. The catalytic activity of the hybrid was examined for reduction of a potential industrial pollutant, 4-nitrophenol. The hybrid exhibited good catalytic activity (kapp 0.026 s−1) with low catalyst loading (∼0.05 mg/ml) and was found suitable for large scale application. The hybrid catalyst was successfully recycled and reused up to eight reaction cycles without any loss in catalytic activity. Here, CB6 acted like a molecular glue stabilising the hybrid catalyst. This greatly improved reusability in comparison with bare nanoparticles and clay composite. This approach where CB6 was used as a molecular glue can be conveniently utilised for stabilising nanoparticles on various solid support materials to develop better quality catalysts, composites and hybrid materials.

An experimental study on characterization and properties of eco-friendly nanolubricant containing polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes blended in RBD palm olein oil

Abstract: Polyaniline nanotubes (PANI NTs) blended in refined, bleached and deodorized palm olein (RBDL) nanolubricants were prepared via a two-step method. Initially, the synthesized PANI NTs were characterized to investigate the morphology and elemental composition of the obtained PANI NTs. The obtained image from transmission electron microscopy clearly showed the presence of flake-like structure of PANI NTs. The presence of these PANI NTs was further affirmed with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, which shows the presence of high carbon atoms (the main element for PANI NTs). The formulated surfactant-free nanolubricants were stabilized using ultrasonication with volume concentrations of 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%. The dispersion behavior of nanolubricants was investigated using visual sedimentation capturing, UV–Vis spectrophotometer and dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. The sedimentation observation of the nanolubricants over the duration of almost 1 month showed there was no sedimentation of the nanoparticles. UV–Vis spectra indicated that all the prepared PANI/RBDL nanolubricants followed Beer–Lambert law. The value of absorbance was found to be slightly decreased, with respect to the duration of time after sample preparation. The dispersion stability analysis supported by DLS method revealed that the amount of particles agglomeration increased after 1 month of preparation. The chemico-physical properties of prepared PANI/RBDL nanolubricants were further investigated by analyzing the chemical bonding using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, this study intends to investigate the influence of PANI NTs toward the life cycle of base oil via thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. FTIR analysis showed that nanolubricants were chemically stable as there were only physical interactions between PANI additives and RBDL base oil, while the degradation behavior in TG curve demonstrated that the nanolubricants could withstand higher temperature as the volume concentration of nano-additives increased. Rheology and thermal conductivity properties of PANI/RBDL nanolubricants were performed by using rheometer and thermal properties analyzer, respectively. Viscosity measurement revealed that PANI/RBDL nanolubricants exhibited Newtonian behavior. Also, viscosity was found to have been increased with a volume concentration of PANI NTs but decreases with the increase in temperature. From the thermal conductivity measurement, it is proven that the PANI NTs dispersed in the RBDL palm base oil support the thermal properties enhancement. The 0.5% PANI/RBDL nanolubricants had achieved the highest thermal conductivity of 0.4301 W m−1 K −1 at 80 °C with enhancement percentage of 25.76% when compared to conventional base oil at a similar temperature.

Experimental Investigation of High-Speed Turning of INCONEL 718 Using PVD-Coated Carbide Tool Under Wet Condition

Abstract: With the advancement in the field of materials, the material removal processes with high surface accuracy have also become more and more challenging. This paper reports use of PVD-coated tungsten carbide tool CNC lathe machine under wet condition using cutting oil for high-speed turning of Inconel 718. Effect of process parameter—speed, feed, and depth of cut on response parameter change in surface roughness and tool wear—has been studied on INCONEL-718 using ANOVA. Also, the effect of given parameters on the tool wear and chip formation was investigating through SEM micrographs. It has been found that speed and feed have significant effect on percentage change in surface roughness. It is also cleared that at low depth of cut, low speed and moderate feed, the chip is a continuous type whereas at high speed, low feed and high depth of cut, formation of chip becomes sawtooth type.

Advanced Exergetic Assessment of a Vapor Compression Cycle With Alternative Refrigerants

Abstract: The present study compares the thermal performance of various alternative refrigerants with conventional refrigerant operating on a vapor compression cycle with energetic, exergetic, and advanced exergetic approaches. Appropriate alternative refrigerants are selected for the analysis, and R1234yf is recommended as the best suitable refrigerant to replace the existing refrigerants. By splitting the exergy destruction into endogenous and unavoidable, endogenous and avoidable, exogenous and unavoidable, and exogenous and avoidable parts, an advanced exergy method depicts the real potentials for the improvement in the thermal system. Moreover, a traditional exergy method prefers condenser for performance improvement as it has 18.48% higher exergy destruction than evaporator, whereas the advanced exergy method proposes evaporator rather than condenser since its endogenous and avoidable destruction part is 26.38% more than condenser for R1234yf refrigerant.