Showing papers by "Stockholm County Council published in 1995"
TL;DR: It is concluded that most sustained responders, who have normal ALT levels and are nonviremic at short‐term follow‐up 6 months after interferon treatment, will continue to have a durable long‐term response without relapse of the viremia.
115 citations
TL;DR: Teeth in periodontitis-prone patients with progressing periapical pathology indicating a continuous root canal infection were found to lose comparatively more radiographic attachment than teeth with no signs of periappical pathology or teeth with an established periAPical destruction which subsided during the observation period.
Abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to determine magnitude and rate of proximal radiographic attachment loss in relation to endodontic infection in periodontally involved teeth. The investigation was conducted as a retrospective longitudinal study on a periodontitis-prone randomly selected referral population, including 175 single-rooted, root-filled teeth in 133 patients. An observation period of at least 3 years was required. Periapical conditions of the selected sample at baseline and re-examination were evaluated on radiographs, independently by 3 investigators. Each single-rooted, root-filled tooth of the sample was given a score according to the combined registrations. Radiographic attachment level was measured as the distance between the most coronal point of the alveolar bone and the apex at the mesial and distal sides of the tooth, and expressed as relative radiographic attachment level (RRAL) (radiographic attachment level at baseline/root length) at proximal sites for every tooth. Multiple regression analysis was used to study change in RRAL over time. Teeth in periodontitis-prone patients with progressing periapical pathology indicating a continuous root canal infection were found to lose comparatively more radiographic attachment than teeth with no signs of periapical pathology or teeth with an established periapical destruction which subsided during the observation period. An approximate 3-fold amplification of the rate of marginal proximal radiographic bone loss by endodontic infection in periodontitis-prone patients was found with an average 0.19 mm/year, while 0.06 mm/year was lost for teeth without endodontic infection or subsiding endodontic involvement.
91 citations
TL;DR: A significant, approximately linear, decrease was noted both in cell migration into and DNA synthesis in the experimental wounds as a result of pH increase, suggesting that hydroxyl ions, diffusing through root dentin, may interfere with vital cell functions necessary for healing on the root surface.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to examine to what extent pH affects human fibroblast repopulation of an experimental wound in vitro laying special emphasis on cell migration, DNA synthesis, and alterations in cell morphology. Wounds were simulated in vitro by partially scraping off monolayers of human embryonic diploid lung fibroblast and human periodontal ligament fibroblast-like cells respectively. The wounded monolayers were cultured at pHs ranging from 7.2 to 8.4. The experiments were evaluated by autoradiography as well as light and scanning electron microscopic techniques. A significant, approximately linear, decrease was noted both in cell migration into and DNA synthesis in the experimental wounds as a result of pH increase. The surviving cells in the wounds showed cytoplasmatic vacuoles and blebbing at pH levels above 7.8. Clinical implications of these results for endodontic calcium hydroxide treatment are that hydroxyl ions, diffusing through root dentin, may interfere with vital cell functions necessary for healing on the root surface.
61 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that long-time etching at low pH of root surfaces surrounded by vitalperiodontal issues resulted in impaired periodontal healing, and short- time etching appeared to promote connective tissue formation by preventing epithelialization of the periodontAL wound despite its low pH.
Abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to examine whether the immediate necrotizing effects of low pH etching agents also impair periodontal healing in the long-term perspective. It was concluded that long-time etching (3 min) at low pH of root surfaces surrounded by vital periodontal tissues resulted in impaired periodontal healing. In contrast, short-time etching appeared to promote connective tissue formation by preventing epithelialization of the periodontal wound despite its low pH. However, clinical inferences should be drawn with caution from the present results, since healing results recorded at 8 weeks may not prove to be stable, especially for those cases sensitive to the immediate influence of marginal infection such as connective tissue attachments and epithelial junctions, unless optimal oral hygiene is maintained. Furthermore, the choice of acid may be of importance.
51 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded, that an intra-canal infection of endodontic pathogens stimulates epithelial downgrowth along denuded dentin surfaces with marginal communication, which may augment periodontitis propagation.
Abstract: . Periapical pathology indicating endodontic infection, when present in periodontitis-affected teeth, has recently been shown to be correlated to marginal periodontal breakdown. This has been associated with patency of dentinal tubules in the tooth cervix, an area normally devoid of cementum following periodontal therapy. These studies are, however hampered by that only circumstantial evidence such as presence of periapical destruction have been applied as criteria of endodontic infection. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the effects of endodontic pathogens on marginal periodontal wound healing on root surfaces devoid of cementum but surrounded by healthy periodontal membrane. Significant differences between infected and non-infected teeth were found with respect to pathological pocket and connective tissue: The experimental defects were covered by approximately 20% more pocket epithelium in infected teeth while defects in non-Infected teeth showed approximately 10% more connective tissue coverage. It was concluded, that an intra-canal infection of endodontic pathogens stimulates epitelial downgrowth along denuded dentin surfaces with marginal communication. Extrapolated to the clinical situation, endodontic infections in periodontitis-prone patients may augment periodontitis propagation.
50 citations
TL;DR: A seasonal distribution and peaks concordant with defined clusters in older patients, suggest also that some of these detection‐negative cases may have a viral etiology.
Abstract: We retrospectively reviewed 209 cases of nosocomial diarrhea in two infant wards at St Goran's Children's Hospital. They occurred from April 1987 to May 1989, when 3105 patients spent 26,355 hospital days. The hospital is a 250-bed tertiary center with university affiliation. Fourteen percent of patients at risk developed nosocomial diarrhea, and the relative attack rate was 1.1 episodes per 100 hospital days. A probable viral etiology was found in 47% of patients. Rotavirus was most frequent and occurred during the community rotavirus seasons. Also small, round, structured viruses were common, and two outbreaks of astrovirus gastroenteritis occurred. Failure to detect a virus was particularly common among infants younger than 4 months. However, a seasonal distribution and peaks concordant with defined clusters in older patients, suggest also that some of these detection-negative cases may have a viral etiology.
34 citations
TL;DR: The purpose of the present investigation was to study to what extent a predefined selection of endodontic pathogens inoculated in the root canal can influence periodontal pathology and healing in areas of the root covered by or devoid of cementum, using root resorption as a histomorphometric marker.
Abstract: Periapical pathology indicating endodontic infection, when present in marginal periodontitis-affected teeth, has recently been shown to be an aggravating factor in progression of marginal destruction. This has been associated with patency of dentinal tubules in the tooth cervix, an area normally devoid of cementum following periodontal therapy. These studies are, however hampered by that only circumstantial evidence such as presence of periapical destruction have been applied as criteria of endodontic infection. The purpose of the present investigation was to study to what extent a predefined selection of endodontic pathogens inoculated in the root canal can influence periodontal pathology and healing in areas of the root covered by or devoid of cementum, using root resorption as a histomorphometric marker. Exposed dentine surfaces, in the present study showed significantly larger areas of resorption in infected roots compared to non-infected roots, while cementum surfaces showed an almost identical distribution of tissue reactions regardless of root canal infection or not. It was concluded that endodontic pathogens or their products were not able to penetrate the cementum barrier. The significantly larger areas of resorption on exposed dentine surfaces in infected roots compared to non-infected roots indicated that endodontic pathogens or their products could spread through dentinal tubules to a root surface void of cementum. Extrapolated to the marginal situation this indicated that endodontic pathogens in the root canal might be able to aggravate marginal infection in areas of root devoid of cementum.
27 citations
TL;DR: The committee was of the opinion that clear definitions were essential and these should take into account the differences between active and passive euthanasia, as well as between professionally assisted and lay-assisted suicide.
Abstract: The first meeting of the IASP Task Force on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide took place in Venice on June 7, 1995. Several interested observers were present. It was decided that at the public IASP m...
22 citations
TL;DR: The results show a strong propensity to regard residential injuries as natural consequences of the victim's inappropriate behavior and a view where systematic preventive efforts are not perceived as relevant.
17 citations
TL;DR: Before transplanting the porcine fetal pancreas to diabetic patients, the pregnant sows and the tissue to be transplanted—i.e., fetal islet‐like cell clusters (ICC) prepared by collagenase digestion and cell culture—were subjected to a comprehensive microbiological screening program, making possible the weeding out of seropositive animals and the exclusion of contaminated tissue.
Abstract: Microbiologicla characterization of porcine fetal islet-like cell clusters for intended clinical xenogrfting.
16 citations
TL;DR: Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an educational method which has been developed and practised in various medical schools for some twenty years as discussed by the authors and has never before been implemented in psychotherapeutic training anywhere in the world.
Abstract: SUMMARY Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an educational method which has been developed and practised in various medical schools for some twenty years. To the authors' knowledge it has never before been implemented in psychotherapeutic training anywhere in the world. In this paper, the method itself is presented, as is the curriculum in Sweden in which the method was used, in a three-year programme for training in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. All lectures and seminars have been replaced by PBL, which has had a profound influence on all parts of the syllabus. The experience has proved to be successful, and the didactic process has many similarities with psychotherapeutic procedure. The method seems to lessen destructive regression and to improve the integration of psychotherapy theory with its practice.