Showing papers by "Texas Christian University published in 1969"
TL;DR: In this paper, an electron microscopic study was undertaken of pocks produced on the choriallantoic membrane of embryonated eggs after infection with type 1 and type 2 HVH strains.
Abstract: In view of recent recognition of the existence of two Herpesvirus hominis (HVH) types with antigenic and biological differences, an electron microscopic study was undertaken of pocks produced on the choriallantoic membrane of embryonated eggs after infection with type 1 and type 2 HVH strains. Besides the typical morphological features of herpesvirus infection noted by several investigators, it was observed that type 2 HVH also produced microtubules measuring approximately 19 nm in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Although the nature of these filamentous structures is still unclear, consideration is given in this paper to the possibility that they may represent viral structural subunits, aberrant forms or neoantigens.
42 citations
TL;DR: The results suggested that differential odors exuded by preceding Ss on R and N trials can serve as discriminative cues signalling R or N, but that the odor cue from the immediately preceding trial could be neutralized by prior odors of the other kind.
Abstract: This study explored the methodological implications of a source of experimental contamination, the goal events and, presumably, consequent odors of preceding animals. Rats received reward (R) and nonreward (N) in double-alternation sequences, with the experimental treatments resulting from variation in the particular sequences administered to members of a squad. The results suggested that differential odors exuded by preceding Ss on R and N trials can serve as discriminative cues signalling R or N, but that the odor cue from the immediately preceding trial could be neutralized by prior odors of the other kind. Constancy of schedule enhanced the discrimination.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experiment was conducted to determine whether Ss leam, without knowledge of results or prior familiarization with the prototypes, to sort histoform stimuli generated by three probabilistic rules into categories consistent with these mies.
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine whether Ss leam, without knowledge of results or prior familiarization with the prototypes, to sort histoform stimuli generated by three probablistic rules into categories consistent with these mies. Seven Ss were asked to sort 30 stimuli (10 from each schema population) on each trial. No constraints were placed on the number of categories to be used. A statistic was developed to measure consistency between schema-defined categories and subjeet-defined categories. Four of the seven Ss met the leaming criterion, and demonstrated increasing consistency with the schema-defined categories across trials. In general, more categories than necessary were used to classify the stimuli correctly. The results raise several questions about classification strategies used by Ss in perceptual learning tasks with stimuli generated by probabilistic rules, and indicate the need for further research conceming the variables that influence perceptual category formation.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the absorption spectra of lithium, sodium, cadmium, and mercury in solid xenon were obtained at temperatures between 4.5 and 30.0°K and the assignments of the isolated components were confirmed by concentration studies or by selective bleaching of the components.
28 citations
TL;DR: The authors demonstrated that humans can distinguish between stimuli of either two or three schema families without externally administered knowledge of results or prior familiarization with the population prototypes, which supports the perceptual learning theory that differentiation of higher order variables can occur on the basis of information derived from perceiving the stimuli and indicate the need for further investigation of the detailed conditions under which the phenomenon occurs.
Abstract: This research demonstrated that humans can develop the ability to distinguish between stimuli of either two or three schema families without externally administered knowledge of results or prior familiarization with the population prototypes. These demonstrations of schematic concept formation support the perceptual learning theory that differentiation of higher order variables can occur on the basis of information derived from perceiving the stimuli, and indicate the need for further investigation of the detailed conditions under which the phenomenon occurs.
22 citations
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an investigation of success predictors in graduate school in psychology is presented, where success predictor is defined as a predictor of the success of a student in a course.
Abstract: (1969). An Investigation of Success Predictors in Graduate School in Psychology. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 72, No. 1, pp. 125-129.
14 citations
TL;DR: The analysis of the data revealed that pinealectomy had no effect on the activity cycle under the condition of light-dark illumination nor continuous illumination.
Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of pinealectomy on the activity of rats maintained with a light-dark cycle of illumination and then abruptly changed to the condition of continuous illumination. The analysis of the data revealed that pinealectomy had no effect on the activity cycle under the condition of light-dark illumination nor continuous illumination.
14 citations
TL;DR: The possibility that distinctive odor cues contribute to the depression effect typically found in studies of incentive shift is discussed in this article, where the results of two experiments are presented in which an attempt was made to control odor cues.
Abstract: The possibility that distinctive odor cues contribute to the depression effect typically found in studies of incentive shift is discussed. The results of two experiments are presented in which an attempt was made to control odor cues. The effectiveness of the procedures used, and directions for further research along these lines, are also discussed.
13 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the three prototypes of the Markov prototypes were equally encodable, and that the schema clusters were subjectively equidistant, regardless of the amount of noise introduced into the stimuli.
Abstract: This experiment demonstrated that Ss can successfully discriminate among VARGUS 7 stimuli having different central tendencies. Moreover, neither same-different classification responses nor similarity judgments varied as a function of the particular Markov prototypes used in the discrimination task. The results thus suggest that the three prototypes were equally encodable, and that the schema clusters were subjectively equidistant, regardless of the amount of noise introduced into the stimuli.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, distance discrimination experiment in reduced cue setting simulating outer space, confirming Weber power function exponent and confirming Weber's power function is the exponent of Weber's distance discrimination.
Abstract: Distance discrimination experiment in reduced cue setting simulating outer space, confirming Weber power function exponent
TL;DR: The relationship between concept formation and intelligence was studied with adolescent Ss as mentioned in this paper, who performed a two-schema discrimination task using stimuli generated by the VARGUS 9 computer system.
Abstract: The relationship between schematic concept formation (SCF) and intelligence was studied with adolescent Ss. Sixty Ss (mean age 16 years) performed a two-schema discrimination task using stimuli generated by the VARGUS 9 computer system. Intelligence quotients of Ss ranged between 70 and 140, as measured by the California Test of Mental Maturity. Positive correlations were found between the SCF test and the CTMM total score (r =.36), CTMM language score (r =.28), and the CTMM nonlanguage score (r =.42). No relationship between SCF and sex was found. Potential utility of the SCF task in studies of individual differences in learning are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the just noticeable difference (JND) for distance was investigated by a paired-comparisons method using successive comparisons, and the results confirmed a power function relationship between distance threshold and observation distance.
Abstract: The just noticeable difference (JND) for distance was investigated by a paired-comparisons method using successive comparisons. The research utilized an optically simulated large target located in a textureless environment at distances along the saggital plane out to 12, 800 ft. The value of ΔD/D varied from less than 3% at 200 ft to about 7% at 12, 800 ft. The results confirmed a power function relationship between distance threshold and observation distance.
TL;DR: In this paper, membership satisfaction as it is related to certain dimensions of interaction in a T-group is discussed. But membership satisfaction is not related to the dimensions of the interaction.
Abstract: (1969). Membership Satisfaction as it is Related to Certain Dimensions of Interaction in a T-Group. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 78, No. 2, pp. 243-248.
TL;DR: In this paper, the spectra of solutions of AgO in HNO 3 and H 3 PO 4 were resolved into component Gaussian curves, and the bands were assigned to the transitions d z 2 → d x 2 − y 2, d xy → dx 2− y 2 (Δ o ), and d zy, dxy →d x 2−y 2(Δ 0 ), which are either charge transfer or d-d transitions.
TL;DR: In this paper, two groups of Ss judged the similarity of pairs of patterns representing two different populations of stimuli, composed of patterns drawn from either the same stimulus population or different stimulus populations.
Abstract: Two groups of Ss judged the similarity of pairs of patterns representing two different populations of stimuli. Pairs were composed of patterns drawn from either the same stimulus population or different stimulus populations. One group received nonspecific KR after rating the similarity of each pair. Nonspecific KR can only inform the S that the patterns are “similar” or “dissimilar,” not the degree of similarity. A control group received no KR. Both groups were able to differentiate the stimulus populations. The main effects of KR and of the same-different pattern pair classification variable were significant. There was also a significant KR by Trials interaction. Analysis of KR over trials suggested that KR caused a shift in mean similarity judgments on the response scale. An explanation of this shift was offered in terms of frequency matching by the KR group.
TL;DR: In this article, the joint effects of perceptual pretraining and knowledge of results (KR) on performance in a task requiring discrimination among stimuli sampled from three different schema families were assessed.
Abstract: The present study assessed the joint effects of perceptual pretraining (PT) and knowledge of results (KR) on performance in a task requiring discrimination among stimuli sampled from three different schema families. Neither schematic concept formation (SCF) nor didactic concept formation was significantly influenced by increasing the amount of pretraining. Didactic concept formation occurred if KR was provided, but the low level of stimulus redundancy in the task prevented the occurrence of SCF.
TL;DR: For example, the authors found that the most striking increase in visual exploration occurs between three and six years of age in normal children, and that cross-modal transfer between visual and auditory modality occurs at an early age.
Abstract: smell), to an allocentric mode, involving such distance receptors as vision and audition. Experimental evidence of such developmental changes in receptor dominance has been reported for normal children by Renshaw (1930), Zaporozhets (1961), and Tarakanov (1960). Increasing use of the visual sense has been shown to occur at an early age in normal children. Schopler (1966) found that the most striking increase in visual exploration occurs between three and six years of age. Rudel & Teuber (1964), investigating cross-modal transfer between visual
TL;DR: In this article, 40 patterns representing two schemata each at four redundancy levels were generated by a VARGUS 9 procedure and presented to Ss for categorization and performance on a subsequent constrained sorting task was not a function of overt vs covert responding in the scaling task.
Abstract: Forty patterns representing two schemata each at four redundancy levels were generated by a VARGUS 9 procedure and presented to Ss for categorization. Ss were able to provide scaled judgments of pattern variability both within and between schemata. Performance on a subsequent constrained sorting task was not a function of overt vs covert responding in the scaling task.
TL;DR: One group of Ss (DOC) learned a PA list by a method requiring one-trial learning, and another group (C1) learned the list by the repetition method, retaining unlearned items.
Abstract: One group of Ss (DOC) learned a PA list by a method requiring one-trial learning. Unlearned items were replaced by new pairs on every trial. Another group (C1) learned the PA list by the repetition method, retaining unlearned items. A third group (C2) learned a list by the same repetition method, but the list learned by a given S in this group was composed of items finally learned by an S in the one-trial learning group. In all groups, learned pairs were removed from the list after having been correctly associated once. An analysis of the number of errors to one correct trial found that C1 differed from neither C2 nor DOC, but C2 and DOC differed significantly. Analysis of the number of associations correctly recalled 1 min after the list had been learned, however, found significant differences between DOC and both repetition groups. This was interpreted as support of an incremental hypothesis.
TL;DR: In this paper, subjects were exposed to 20 trisyllabic nonsense words, at either 70% or 0% redundancy, in a multitrial free-recall experiment.
Abstract: Subjects were exposed to 20 trisyllabic nonsense words, at either 70% or 0% redundancy, in a multitrial free-recall experiment. Superior recall was found for the highly redundant words. In addition, sequences of syllables which recurred in the redundant stimuli were introduced into the nonredundant words, but recall of non-redundant words containing these sequences was not superior to recall of the remaining nonredundant words. It was concluded that when prior associations are not present, differential recall may be explained by the encoding mechanism used by the Ss as a result of organizational properties inherent in the stimuli.
TL;DR: Generalization of conditioned responses, as measured by the number of Ss who showed an increase in hostility in their post-conditioning stories, was significant only for male Ss in the group conditioned to “intensely hostile” verbs.
Abstract: The present study was designed to determine the effects of stimulus generalization from conditioned hostile verbalization. Ss were divided into two groups of 10 males and 10 females each. One group was given partial reinforcement for using “intensely hostile” verbs, the other for “neutral” verbs. The results indicated significant differences in conditioning between the two groups, with a more accelerated acquisition rate for the group conditioned to “intensely hostile” verbs. Generalization of conditioned responses, as measured by the number of Ss who showed an increase in hostility in their post-conditioning stories, was significant only for male Ss in the group conditioned to “intensely hostile” verbs.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used self-consistent field results for a number of states of Dy 2+, (Z = 66), 4f 10, and 4f 11, to demonstrate the specific extent of the generally known energy significance of the Racah's quantum numbers ν and U ≡( u 1. u 2 ).
TL;DR: In this article, a new N 3 -center was introduced, which is the N 3 center of the N region of LiF and the corresponding N-center of the LiF center.
TL;DR: In this paper, the polarization of the R 2 phononless line in LiF was determined using oriented crystals and polarized bleaching, and the polarization was shown to be linear in the length of the line.
TL;DR: In this paper, two groups of rats received 92 preacquisition rewarded goalbox placements or 92 pre-acquisition handling trials, followed by 24 large-reward trials for both groups.
Abstract: Two groups of rats received 92 preacquisition rewarded goalbox placements or 92 preacquisition handling trials. These were followed by 24 large-reward trials for both groups. In a third phase (incentive reduction) all Ss received 16 small-reward trials. The results indicated greater disruption of performance during the incentivereduction phase for the group receiving the preacquisition placements. The greatest disruption of performance was noted in the start measure. Possible interpretations are offered.