Showing papers by "Texas Christian University published in 1973"
TL;DR: In this article, the Equation x′(t) = ax(t + bx(t − τ) with small delay with "small" delay was introduced, where τ is the length of the smallest delay.
Abstract: (1973). The Equation x′(t) = ax(t) + bx(t − τ) With “Small” Delay. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 80, No. 9, pp. 990-995.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined both the cognitive structure of ethical reasoning and the content of perceived moral norms in Carib boys and found that the cultural invariance of the perceived moral norm was as great as that of the stages.
Abstract: Ethical development was investigated in a cross-cultural context by examining both the cognitive structure of ethical reasoning and the content of perceived moral norms in Carib boys. No evidence was found for the position that the stages might be a function of cultural norms. Other results were also as expected by stage theory: villagers were at a lower stage than Caribs from towns, and younger boys were at a lower stage than the older youths. However, only the first two cognitive stages were found and the cultural invariance of the perceived moral norms was as great as that of the stages.
43 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that pecking is generated by auto-shaping procedures only when an intermittently presented keylight is regularly paired with food.
Abstract: Auto-shaping the pigeon's key-peck response was examined as a respondent conditioning procedure with the use of Rescorla's truly-random control procedure. In the first experiment, pigeons received presentations of brief light on the response key and brief presentations of food where the light and the food were independently presented. All birds failed to key peck after many light and food presentations, but explicit pairing of the light and food rapidly conditioned pecking to the light. Experiment 2 showed that even when an independent light/food presentation schedule was reduced to variable-time 30 sec, additional naive birds would not key peck and only one bird pecked when the schedules were variable-time 15 sec. A third experiment examined an explicit-unpairing control procedure, where the light and food were not only presented on independent schedules but were also separated by a minimum time, and found that auto-shaping did not occur. A fourth experiment investigated a number of control procedures and found them ineffective. A fifth experiment investigated the effects of a physical separation of the locus of the response key and the food dispenser, and a sixth experiment investigated using a tone in place of the light. It was concluded that pecking is generated by auto-shaping procedures only when an intermittently presented keylight is regularly paired with food.
42 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, foraminiferal evidence was used to assign an age for the accumulation of Late Pliocene or Early Pleistocene Limestone from the Tasman Sea guyots.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the optimal number of conditions of a facet for maximizing the coefficient of generalizability under the constraint that the total number of observations per subject is constant is investigated. And the problem of determining the minimum number of subjects to be observed per subject for a specified generalizable coefficient is solved for the two-facet crossed design.
Abstract: For random-model, fully-crossed, two- and three-facet experimental designs the following two problems were considered. First, equations were developed for determining the optimal number of conditions of a facet for maximizing the coefficient of generalizability under the constraint that the total number of observations per subject is constant. Second, the problem of determining the minimum number of observations per subject for a specified generalizability coefficient is solved for the two-facet crossed design.
29 citations
TL;DR: Questionnaire data from random samples of recent post-collegiate cohorts indicate that both incidence and prevalence of marijuana use are increasing, despite the aging of the cohorts; and that selected social correlates of initiation are poor predictors of the extent of use.
Abstract: Questionnaire data from random samples of recent post-collegiate cohorts are examined with respect to several behavioral dimensions of marijuana use. The data indicate (1) that both incidence and prevalence are increasing, despite the aging of the cohorts; (2) that selected social correlates of initiation are poor predictors of the extent of use; and (3) that the significant status changes of marriage and entry into parenthood, and not aging per se , account for the frequently observed cessation of use occurring in the mid- to late-20's.
26 citations
TL;DR: The results are consistent with the notion that the medial forebrain bundle is importantly involved in the mediation of masculine, but not feminine, sexual behavior in the rat and support the concept of neural sexual dimorphism.
21 citations
TL;DR: The sheath of Volvox possesses a surface layer which hits not previously been described and the application of new staining techniques enhances its visualization.
Abstract: SUMMARY
The sheath of Volvox possesses a surface layer which hits not previously been described. The application of new staining techniques enhances its visualization.
19 citations
TL;DR: The results were thought to indicate that the initial stage of hyperphagia is a function of irritation of areas surrounding the VMH while the second stage was thought to represent an attempt to restore the energy deficit created by the decreased lipolysis and increased lipogenesis.
18 citations
TL;DR: Judgments regarding various personality traits were made on 49 subjects and related to frequency of LSD use, and frequency of use was negatively related to understanding of self and others, to degree of consistency between professed values and behavior.
Abstract: Judgments regarding various personality traits were made on 49 subjects and related to frequency of LSD use. Frequency of use was negatively related to understanding of self and others, to degree of consistency between professed values and behavior, and to a sense of ability to control one's life. No differences were found between various frequency of use groups in terms of general academic and career competence. On the other hand, frequency of use was related to alienation from many traditional values of society and to an involvement in alternative life styles. Reasons for such differences are discussed.
17 citations
TL;DR: The use of Yb(DPM)3 as an aid in assigning the 13C chemical shifts of steroids is described in this paper, where a computer program was used to position the lanthanide using five or six readily assigned lines.
TL;DR: Experienced undeprived pigeons pecked for food presentations on a VI 3min schedule and when the schedule was changed to VI 30-sec, response rates increased and behavioral contrast was observed as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Experienced undeprived pigeons pecked for food presentations on a VI 3-min schedule. When the schedule was changed to VI 30-sec, response rates increased and behavioral contrast was observed. To investigate the role of experience with reinforced responding, another three undeprived naive birds were autoshaped to keypeck and showed comparable rates of responding on a VI 30-sec schedule.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, naïve pigeons were autoshaped to keypeck for a tone which had previously been paired with food, and the birds were switched to a multiple schedule in which they could key-peck on a FI 1-min schedule for the tone during one component, while the tone and food were paired in another component in which keypecking was punished (DRO 5 sec).
Abstract: Naive pigeons were autoshaped to keypeck for a tone which had previously been paired with food. Once the birds were pecking, they were switched to a multiple schedule in which they could keypeck on a FI 1-min schedule for the tone during one component, while the tone and food were paired in another component in which keypecking was punished (DRO 5 sec). Keypecking was maintained under these conditions.
TL;DR: A capillary cell apparatus is described that allows accurate measurement of solute tracer diffusion coefficients in biological solutions at 37 °C and has a unique stirring mechanism to provide a uniform flow pattern over the capillaries with only 18 ml of the bulk solution.
Book•
01 Jan 1973TL;DR: In this article, the existence and generalizability of characteristic individual patterns of breathing were investigated, using pneumographic respiration recordings for eight male participants while they performed a variety of experimental tasks during six different recording sessions.
Abstract: The existence and generalizability of characteristic individual patterns of breathing were investigated. Pneumographic respiration recordings were obtained for eight male Ss while they performed a variety of experimental tasks during six different recording sessions. Categorical sorts of sets of respiration record segments were performed by three judges, and they were highly successful in detecting distinctive respiratory characteristics for sorting segments from different Ss into categories repiesenting individual Ss. Implications for further research are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the absolute fully differential cross section for atomic-field bremsstrahlung over a range of photon energies for electrons of 140 keV incident on gold and aluminum was measured.
TL;DR: The synthesis of 23,24- 14C-ecdysone, using 3,4-14C-2-methyl-3-butyn-2)-2-yl tetrahydropyranyl ether, is described.
TL;DR: An optically excited emission band at 1363 A having a Stokes shift of 2 A was observed in the absorption spectrum of solid xenon deposited from the gas phase at 48-51°K as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Pregnenolone (3β-hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one) was converted to 20β-acetoxy-3, 5-cyclo-5α-pregnan-6-one by existing procedures, and this substance is of interest as intermediate for the synthesis of ecdysone.
01 Dec 1973
TL;DR: In this article, the development of objectively scored language and emotionality scales for a five-card, orally administered and tape-orded version of the TAT used in the Health Examination Survey (HES) of children conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics in 1963-65.
Abstract: This report summarizes research on the development of objectively scored language and emotionality scales for a five-card, orally administered and tape- reqorded version of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) used in the Health Examination Survey (HES) of children conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics in 1963-65. National norms for children ages 6-11 are presented for these scales. Two studies were carried out to develop the scales and national norms. Study I involved the development of scoring manuals, criterion measures, and TAT scales, as well as validation studies in which the TAT scales were treated as independent variables and the criteria as dependent variables. In that study major emphasis was placed on creation of usable scales. The sample of 1,224 cases employed was chosen on the basis of completeness and quality of TAT protocol from among the children examined in the first 19 of the 40 Iocations or "stands" in which examinations took place in the national survey.
TL;DR: The results support the hypothesis that running is an attempt by food-deprived rats to regulate an imbalance in a homeostatic mechanism(s) resulting from the deprivation of food.
Abstract: Rats deprived of 10 % and 20 % of their body weights and allowed to run in activity wheels immediately preceding a test session in a small rodent test chamber pressed a bar less frequently than comparably deprived rats not allowed to run in the wheels. The results support the hypothesis that running is an attempt by food-deprived rats to regulate an imbalance in a homeostatic mechanism(s) resulting from the deprivation of food.
TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic states of the R center associated with the R1 and R2 bands have been calculated using a point ion model with a pseudopotential correction for nearest neighbors.
TL;DR: Pigeons with a past history ofKey pecking for an auditory conditioned rein forcer (tone) in one component of a multiple schedule, while the conditioned and primary rein forcers were paired in another component, were put on an extinction schedule in which key pecking no longer produced the tone.
Abstract: Pigeons with a past history of key pecking for an auditory conditioned rein forcer (tone) in one component of a multiple schedule, while the conditioned and primary rein forcers were paired in another component, were put on an extinction schedule in which key pecking no longer produced the tone. The key pecking persisted in the absence of the tone but ceased when the discriminative stimulus (red key light) was replaced with a novel stimulus (yellow key light).
TL;DR: Four rats were fed irregularly but on the average of once every 3 min, the average interfeeding interval dropped to once every 30 sec, and all four rats learned to barpress.
Abstract: Four rats were fed irregularly but on the average of once every 3 min. If a rat pressed a bar, the average interfeeding interval dropped to once every 30 sec. All four rats learned to barpress. When barpresses no longer changed the average interfeeding interval, the rats tended not to press. A reintroduction of the relation between barpressing and reduction of the interfeeding interval generated renewed barpressing.