The Sanskrit College and University

About: The Sanskrit College and University is a education organization based out in Kolkata, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Environmental science. The organization has 31 authors who have published 29 publications receiving 513 citations. The organization is also known as: Sanskrit College.

Aviation biofuel from renewable resources: Routes, opportunities and challenges

Abstract: Air transport describes an inevitable part in the day to day life of the modern world. It is highly responsible for the worldwide social contacts and business developments. The use of petroleum fuels as energy source for air transport is not sustainable. Aviation is one of the leading contributors to the total greenhouse gas emissions. Also, the fossil fuel prices are becoming more volatile day by day. So it is very essential to introduce and industrialize alternative aviation fuels generated from renewable resources, especially biomass. A number of industrial commitments and collaborations have emerged to find alternative ways to reach bio aviation fuels. Research on the conversion of biomass based sources to bio jet fuels is of current interest. The main concern is the production of biojet fuel, from renewable resources, with relatively low greenhouse gas life cycle and sustainability with affordable price. The present paper overviews the opportunities and challenges in the development of alternative fuels for aviation. The production process, feedstock used and the most promising global projects are also reviewed.

Nanofibrous polyaniline thin film prepared by plasma‐induced polymerization technique for detection of NO2 gas

Abstract: A nanofibrous polyaniline (PANI) thin film was fabricated using plasma-induced polymerization method and explored its application in the fabrication of NO2 gas sensor. The effects of substrate position, pressure, and the number of plasma pulses on the PANI film growth rate were monitored and an optimum condition for the PANI thin film preparation was established. The resulting PANI film was characterized with UV–visible spectrophotometer, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The PANI thin film possessed nanofibers with a diameter ranging from 15 to 20 nm. The NO2 gas sensing behavior was studied by measuring the change in electrical conductivity of PANI film with respect to NO2 gas concentration and exposure time. The optimized sensor exhibited a sensitivity factor of 206 with a response time of 23 sec. The NO2 gas sensor using nanofibrous PANI thin film as sensing probe showed a linear current response to the NO2 gas concentration in the range of 10–100 ppm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Growth of monodisperse nanocrystals of cerium oxide during synthesis and annealing

Abstract: Monodisperse cerium oxide nanocrystals have been successfully synthesised using simple ammonia precipitation technique from cerium(III) nitrate solution at different temperatures in the range 35–80 °C. The activation energy for growth of CeO2 nanocrystals during the precipitation is calculated as 11.54 kJ/mol using Arrhenius plot. Average crystal diameter was obtained from XRD analysis, HR-TEM and light scattering (PCS). The analysis of size data from HR-TEM images and PCS clearly indicated the formation of highly crystalline CeO2 particles in narrow size range. CeO2 nanocrystals precipitated at 35 °C were further annealed at temperatures in the range 300–700 °C. The activation energy for crystal growth during annealing is also calculated and is close to the reported values. An effort is made to predict the mechanism of crystal growth during the precipitation and annealing.