Wake Forest University

About: Wake Forest University is a education organization based out in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Diabetes mellitus. The organization has 21499 authors who have published 48731 publications receiving 2246027 citations. The organization is also known as: Wake Forest College.

Flagellin as an Adjuvant: Cellular Mechanisms and Potential

Abstract: Flagellin is a potent activator of a broad range of cell types involved in innate and adaptive immunity. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of flagellin as an adjuvant, as well as its ability to promote cytokine production by a range of innate cell types, trigger a generalized recruitment of T and B lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid sites, and activate TLR5+CD11c+ cells and T lymphocytes in a manner that is distinct from cognate Ag recognition. The plasticity of flagellin has allowed for the generation of a range of flagellin–Ag fusion proteins that have proven to be effective vaccines in animal models. This review summarizes the state of our current understanding of the adjuvant effect of flagellin and addresses important areas of current and future research interest.

Defining and conceptualizing workplace flexibility

Abstract: We first compare and contrast current conceptualizations of workplace flexibility in order to arrive at a definition in harmony with its contemporary use: ‘the ability of workers to make choices influencing when, where, and for how long they engage in work-related tasks’. Next, we situate workplace flexibility in its theoretical contexts to provide researchers with a clearer understanding of what workplace flexibility is, what its mechanisms of operation are, and why it may be related to other concepts. Finally, we present a conceptual framework of antecedents and consequences of workplace flexibility, including illustrative examples of several basic associations from the peer-reviewed literature.

Prevalence of Diabetes in U.S. Youth in 2009: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study

Abstract: Objective To estimate the prevalence of diabetes in U.S. youth aged Research Design and Methods To address one of its primary aims, the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study identified youth aged Results From a population of 3,458,974 youth aged Conclusion Diabetes mellitus, one of the leading chronic diseases in childhood, affects over 190,000 (1 out of 433) youth less than age 20 years in the US, with racial and ethnic disparities seen in diabetes prevalence, overall and by diabetes type.

Benefits of fatty fish on dementia risk are stronger for those without APOE ε4

Abstract: Objective: To compare associations of lean fish vs fatty fish (tuna or other fish) intake with dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) and in relation to APOE e4 status in the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study (CHCS). Methods: Fish intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaires. Incident dementia, AD, and VaD were determined through a series of cognitive tests, physician9s assessment, and committee consensus. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios of dementia, AD, and VaD with lean fried fish, fatty fish, or total fish intake, which were then stratified by the presence of APOE e4. Results: Although consumption of lean fried fish had no protective effect, consumption of fatty fish more than twice per week was associated with a reduction in risk of dementia by 28% (95% CI: 0.51 to 1.02), and AD by 41% (95% CI: 0.36 to 0.95) in comparison to those who ate fish less than once per month. Stratification by APOE e4 showed this effect to be selective to those without the e4 allele. Adjustment by education and income attenuated the effect. Conclusion: In the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study, consumption of fatty fish was associated with a reduced risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease for those without the APOE e4 allele.