Institution
Wake Forest University
Education•Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States•
About: Wake Forest University is a education organization based out in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Diabetes mellitus. The organization has 21499 authors who have published 48731 publications receiving 2246027 citations. The organization is also known as: Wake Forest College.
Topics: Population, Diabetes mellitus, Cancer, Medicine, Blood pressure
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: GI diseases contribute substantially to health care use in the United States and total expenditures for GI diseases are $135.9 billion annually-greater than for other common diseases.
962 citations
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William F. Laurance1, William F. Laurance2, D. Carolina Useche2, Julio Rendeiro2 +213 more•Institutions (101)
TL;DR: These findings suggest that tropical protected areas are often intimately linked ecologically to their surrounding habitats, and that a failure to stem broad-scale loss and degradation of such habitats could sharply increase the likelihood of serious biodiversity declines.
Abstract: The rapid disruption of tropical forests probably imperils global biodiversity more than any other contemporary phenomenon(1-3). With deforestation advancing quickly, protected areas are increasingly becoming final refuges for threatened species and natural ecosystem processes. However, many protected areas in the tropics are themselves vulnerable to human encroachment and other environmental stresses(4-9). As pressures mount, it is vital to know whether existing reserves can sustain their biodiversity. A critical constraint in addressing this question has been that data describing a broad array of biodiversity groups have been unavailable for a sufficiently large and representative sample of reserves. Here we present a uniquely comprehensive data set on changes over the past 20 to 30 years in 31 functional groups of species and 21 potential drivers of environmental change, for 60 protected areas stratified across the world's major tropical regions. Our analysis reveals great variation in reserve 'health': about half of all reserves have been effective or performed passably, but the rest are experiencing an erosion of biodiversity that is often alarmingly widespread taxonomically and functionally. Habitat disruption, hunting and forest-product exploitation were the strongest predictors of declining reserve health. Crucially, environmental changes immediately outside reserves seemed nearly as important as those inside in determining their ecological fate, with changes inside reserves strongly mirroring those occurring around them. These findings suggest that tropical protected areas are often intimately linked ecologically to their surrounding habitats, and that a failure to stem broad-scale loss and degradation of such habitats could sharply increase the likelihood of serious biodiversity declines.
962 citations
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TL;DR: The current paper presents data on two new condition-specific instruments designed to assess the HRQOL of UI in women: the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI) and the Incontinence Impact Questionaire (IIQ).
Abstract: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a relatively common condition in middle-aged and older women Traditional measures of symptoms do not adequately capture the impact that UI has on individuals' lives Further, severe morbidity and mortality are not associated with this condition Rather, Ul's impact is primarily on the health status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of women Generic measures of HRQOL inadequately address the impact of the condition on the day-to-day lives of women with UI The current paper presents data on two new condition-specific instruments designed to assess the HRQOL of UI in women: the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI) and the Incontinence Impact Questionaire (IIQ) Used in conjunction with one another, these two measures provide detailed information on how UI affects the lives of women The measures provide data on the more traditional view of HRQOL by assessing the impact of UI on various activities, roles and emotional states (IIQ), as well as data on the less traditional but critical issue of the degree to which symptoms associated with UI are troubling to women (UDI) Data on the reliability, validity and sensitivity to change of these measures demonstrate that they are psychometrically strong Further, they have been developed for simple, self-administration
962 citations
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01 Aug 1994TL;DR: In this article, an up-to-date analysis of the effects of self-presentation on behavior is presented, integrating the latest research from personality, social, organisational and health psychology.
Abstract: Provides an up-to-date analysis of the effects of self-presentation on behaviour. This text integrates the latest research from personality, social, organisational and health psychology.
961 citations
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University of California, San Diego1, University of Alabama at Birmingham2, Case Western Reserve University3, Brown University4, University of Utah5, University of Cincinnati6, Tufts University7, Emory University8, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center9, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston10, University of Rochester11, Indiana University12, Duke University13, Stanford University14, University of Miami15, Wayne State University16, Wake Forest University17, University of Iowa18, Yale University19, University of New Mexico20, National Institutes of Health21
TL;DR: The results of this study support consideration of CPAP as an alternative to intubation and surfactant in preterm infants.
Abstract: BACKGROUND There are limited data to inform the choice between early treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and early surfactant treatment as the initial support for extremely-low-birth-weight infants. METHODS We performed a randomized, multicenter trial, with a 2-by-2 factorial design, involving infants who were born between 24 weeks 0 days and 27 weeks 6 days of gestation. Infants were randomly assigned to intubation and surfactant treatment (within 1 hour after birth) or to CPAP treatment initiated in the delivery room, with subsequent use of a protocol-driven limited ventilation strategy. Infants were also randomly assigned to one of two target ranges of oxygen saturation. The primary outcome was death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia as defined by the requirement for supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks (with an attempt at withdrawal of supplemental oxygen in neonates who were receiving less than 30% oxygen). RESULTS A total of 1316 infants were enrolled in the study. The rates of the primary outcome did not differ significantly between the CPAP group and the surfactant group (47.8% and 51.0%, respectively; relative risk with CPAP, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85 to 1.05) after adjustment for gestational age, center, and familial clustering. The results were similar when bronchopulmonary dysplasia was defined according to the need for any supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks (rates of primary outcome, 48.7% and 54.1%, respectively; relative risk with CPAP, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.01). Infants who received CPAP treatment, as compared with infants who received surfactant treatment, less frequently required intubation or postnatal corticosteroids for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.001), required fewer days of mechanical ventilation (P=0.03), and were more likely to be alive and free from the need for mechanical ventilation by day 7 (P=0.01). The rates of other adverse neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study support consideration of CPAP as an alternative to intubation and surfactant in preterm infants. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00233324.)
959 citations
Authors
Showing all 21721 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Salim Yusuf | 231 | 1439 | 252912 |
Ralph B. D'Agostino | 226 | 1287 | 229636 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Ronald Klein | 194 | 1305 | 149140 |
Luigi Ferrucci | 193 | 1601 | 181199 |
Bruce M. Psaty | 181 | 1205 | 138244 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx | 170 | 1139 | 119082 |
Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Barbara E.K. Klein | 160 | 856 | 93319 |
Christopher J. O'Donnell | 159 | 869 | 126278 |
Steven R. Cummings | 158 | 579 | 104007 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |
Jack M. Guralnik | 148 | 453 | 83701 |