Showing papers in "American Journal of Infection Control in 1991"

TL;DR: The National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System (NNIS) is an ongoing collaborative surveillance system sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to obtain national data on nosocomial infections to develop and evaluate strategies to prevent and control nosocomials infections.

TL;DR: This set of definitions was developed at a consensus conference held in January 1989 and subsequently revised by a modified Delphi technique involving consensus conference participants and is intended specifically for use in facilities that provide homes for elderly residents who require 24-hour personal care under professional nursing supervision.

TL;DR: Irrespective of the hand-washing agent used, electric air drying produced the highest and cloth drying the lowest reduction in the numbers of both test organisms, indicating the importance of selecting the right means for drying washed hands, particularly when less effective hand- washing agents are used.

TL;DR: A guideline on urinary catheter care was introduced in three groups of two randomly allocated wards and practices by direct observation were significantly better than those in B, indicating that staff compliance is best achieved by using both opinion leaders and lectures.

TL;DR: It is concluded that splenectomy patients have a low level of knowledge about postsplenectomy infection risks and precautions and an educational pamphlet is developed to aid the surgeon in patient education.

TL;DR: The hazardous nature of the intermittent intravenous procedure is revealed, prompting specific revisions in this procedure as well as promoting point-of-use sharps disposal and other preventive measures.

TL;DR: It is concluded that targeted surveillance of immunosuppressed patients with nosocomial pneumonia by culture of respiratory tract secretions for Legionella pneumophila is adequate for monitoring for the presence of legionnaires' disease in a hospital.

TL;DR: A randomized controlled trial to assess the prevention of bacteriuria in patients, using a three-way system that included a hydrophilic polymer-coated and preconnected sealed catheter system, daily catheter care, and disinfection of the outflow tube of the drainage bag with povidone-iodine finds migration of bacteria in the periurethral mucous sheath appeared to be the most common pathway by which bacteria gained entry into the bladder in this study.

TL;DR: Prospective infection surveillance was carried out on two selected units of an 800-bed geriatric long-term care facility to aid in early detection of outbreaks and to identify preventable endemic infections.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the multiply-resistant microbial flora found in vase water is indigenous to flowers, rather than originating from the environment in which they are placed, and that such water is a reservoir of large numbers of multiresistant organisms.

TL;DR: A simple and effective regimen used intranasally to eradicate S. aureus nasal carriage in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis had no major side effects and success rates of eradication were excellent compared with those in other published reports.

TL;DR: To assist in the nonrequired vaccine program evaluation at Valley Hospital and Medical Center in Spokane, Washington, a survey of all employees was conducted and it was noted that health care workers who rejected hepatitis B vaccine indicated that fear of "getting AIDS from the vaccine did not influence them.

TL;DR: A study was conducted in two groups of U.S. hospitals to assess validity and reliability of definitions of nosocomial infection and found that certification, content and construct validity were formally tested and demonstrated.

TL;DR: Glove use by HCWs is significantly related to statewide AIDS prevalence and was significantly lower in the state with a prevalence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) below the national average than in the states with a higher AIDS prevalence.

TL;DR: Pressure-sensitive contact film and resistive strain gauge recordings made from the surgeon's abdominal region and forearms indicated peak contact pressures in excess of 60 psi, indicating a need to reassess the basis of test utilization in evaluating barrier materials used in gowns and drapes.

TL;DR: This study addressed problems by reporting criteria used to identify infections and applying the same denominator across long-term-care facilities by demonstrating a 9.8% prevalence rate for nosocomial infections in four long- term-care VA facilities.

TL;DR: With the new improved ventilation system the operating rooms once again met regulatory guidelines and infections returned to baseline rates.

TL;DR: A study was conducted in the wards and laboratory of a 900-bed teaching hospital to determine the appropriateness of glove use, and financial savings could be realized by educational programs in infection control directed toward a more rational use of gloves.

TL;DR: Examination of the relationships among nursing students' and faculty members' knowledge of AIDS, attitudes toward patients with AIDS, and willingness to care for them found nursing students with more knowledge about AIDS expressed greater willingness to cared for AIDS patients.

TL;DR: Pneumonia caused by Legionella is a wellestablished nosocomial infection and the source of the organism remained a mystery until Tobin et a1.4 isolated the organism from hospital shower heads.

TL;DR: There is still room for improvement in knowledge and use of the BSI system, including issues related to the safe handling of sharps.

TL;DR: It is concluded that parenteral exposure to blood of HIV-infected patients in the health care setting is rarely associated with the development of hepatitis C infection.