Showing papers in "Animal Behaviour in 1983"

TL;DR: An optimization model provides insights into the interactions between a basic behavioural process, i.e. dominance, and ecological contexts in determining aspects of population structure such as group size, dispersal pattern, group composition, and fitness bias within groups.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the existence of transitive dominance should be tested before using it in ranking, and a suitable statistical test was described in the context of groups in which dominance relationships are random.

TL;DR: In this article, the concept of an "ethological need" has assumed a prominent place in recent discussions of animal welfare, although the term itself is surrounded by confusion, and it is argued that some of this confusion might be overcome by applying consumer demand theory to some of the problems in animal welfare.

TL;DR: It is concluded that olfactory cues passing from demonstrator to observer provide observers with information con- cerning demonstrators' diets and that these o aroma cues are sufficient to bias diet selection by ob- servers.

TL;DR: A laboratory population of fruitflies, which showed considerable variance for size, associated with adult emergence at different times after the introduction of food sources to a population cage, showed that larger males had higher lifetime mating success than smaller males.

TL;DR: In this article, the predictions of the war-of-attrition model were critically examined by experimental manipulation of fighting ability and female value for both web residents and intruders, showing that these apparently anomalous results are in accord with the model.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that male Pararge aegeria butterflies fight aggressively over ownership of sunspot territories in the ground layer of a woodland environment, and that the duration of these encounters decreases from a mean of 50 s and 85 s in the first two days to a means of 10 s after a week's activity, best correlated with the progression of the season but also with the daily maximum temperature and the density of males.

TL;DR: The contexts of separation and the positive interactions between mothers and offspring of all ages suggest that conflicting social requirements rather than increased rejection by the mother eventually draw mother and offspring apart.

TL;DR: The experiments described in this paper support the contention that the recognition cue is acquired prior to emergence as an adult, and suggest that the cue probably has a genetic, rather than an environmental, source.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the partial preferences shown in this specific experiment are due to the combined action of satiation and prey misidentification: as the birds satiate they appear to aim less and less at a maximal energy intake rate; they apply an increasingly stringent criterion which leads to a shift of diet.

TL;DR: Sticklebacks parasitized by Schistocephalus solidus larvae recover more quickly from a frightening overhead stimulus than non-parasitized individuals, indicating a progressive curtailment of the fright reaction.

TL;DR: Beneficiaries of alarm calls in other species of squirrels usually include adult or juvenile offspring, but beneficiaries of black-tailed prairie dog alarm calls frequently include only non-descendant kin.

TL;DR: It is concluded that aggression by adult females, and the threat of maternal intervention, are primarily responsible for controlling the acquisition and maintenance of offspring rank in vervets.

TL;DR: The great reed warbler is a partial polygynist, and through evolutionary compromise has evolved a variable song structure which can be shortened for territorial defence, and lengthened for mate attraction.

TL;DR: In this article, a simple iterative technique for computing cardinal ranks is described, which is based on the Bradley-Terry model from the method of paired comparisons and can be reinterpreted in terms of dominance interactions.

TL;DR: Within limits, such selectivity in the choice of a song tutor proved to be independent of the relative frequency of song output by the father or the neighbour, respectively.

TL;DR: Although plovers apparently use visual searching, for which the prey detection ranges are probably shorter at night, they were able to maintain fairly high pecking rates at night partly because of higher surface activity levels of prey.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the behaviour of rats towards a new food source can be influenced by particles of food adhering to a Conspecific's pelage; by food odours transmitted by a conspecific in some other way, such as through the faeces; and by simple exposure to a novel odour not directly associated with food.

TL;DR: Foraging ability improved over the first 4 years of life, 4-year-olds being almost as successful as adults, and it is suggested that this relates to the delay in the time of first breeding.

TL;DR: Within a honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) colony there are individuals who specialize in the removal of the dead (necrophoresis), and the rapidity of corpse removal distinguishes it from general nest-cleaning behaviour.

TL;DR: Sampling behaviour, which reduced individual food intake in a trial below the maximum possible, enabled fish in the larger shoal to recover feeding performance more rapidly after a switch in the profitability of the food patches.

TL;DR: The diet and activity patterns of a group of green monkeys living in the Parc National du Niokolo-Koba, Senegal, were studied over a complete annual cycle, and some important age and sex differences were found.

TL;DR: Nine of the 13 replacement queens were the oldest individuals on the nest, forming a system of queen replacement that may be described as a gerontocracy, similar to that found in other temperate species but contrasted with that reported for tropical species of wasps.