Showing papers in "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 1963"

TL;DR: The effects of the ionic strength and pH of the hemolyzing solution on the hemoglobin content of human erythrocyte ghosts were studied in phosphate buffers and suggest an electrophysical interaction of hemoglobin with membrane constituents.

TL;DR: The effects of starvation, glucose supplementation, and DCMU inhibition on the oxygen uptake rates in the light are described, and illumination was found to influence oxygen uptake by two mechanisms.

TL;DR: The nature, amounts, and sequence of products formed from well-characterized substrates by the action of a crystalline α-type amylase from Bacillus subtilis were determined by qualitative and quantitative paper chromatography as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Findings further strengthen the assumption that the Na-K-activated ATPase is closely related to the active cation transport involved in maintenance of ion gradients in single cells, transport of salt and water across epithelial membranes, and repolarization processes in muscle, nerve, and electric organs.

TL;DR: A mass spectrometer inlet system has been devised which permits continuous sampling of gases dissolved in liquid phases and the application of this system to the study of reaction kinetics is described.

TL;DR: The distribution of these enzymes is consistent with the ability of the chick to utilize citrulline in the diet and the inability to utilize ornithine in place of arginine.

TL;DR: It is shown that proteolytic enzymes reduce the electrophoretic mobilities of human and chimpanzee erythrocytes, the decreases depending upon the specificity of the particular enzyme.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the observed, low fluorescence of tryptophyl and tyrosyl residues in proteins is attributable in large measure to the presence of this peptide bond.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the epithelial Na-K ATPase and the active cation-transport system of the lens are identical or very closely related.

TL;DR: Fish oils and fish liver oils were found to contain polyunsaturated fatty acids accumulated in the β position of the glycerol, a pattern that resembles that of pig depot fat.

TL;DR: At sufficiently elevated calcium concentrations and bicarbonate/phosphate concentration ratios, an amorphous precipitate of calcium carbonate phosphate formed, which failed to crystallize into apatite when kept in contact with the supernatant solution.

TL;DR: Results indicate the presence of the guaiacylglycerol-β-coniferyl ether unit in the lignins of pine and spruce woods.

TL;DR: The results confirm the previous conclusion that the presence of sterol localized in the cell membrane is a prerequisite for sensitivity toward polyene antibiotics and that vitamin A would not constitute an adequate model for the study of polyene antibiotic action.

TL;DR: In diaphragms and heart slices of fasting or alloxan-diabetic rats, the palmitate uptake was higher but the distribution shifted from esterification toward accumulation as FA and conversion to CO 2, indicating that FA activation rather than tissue penetration represents the rate-limiting step in their esterization or oxidation.

TL;DR: It is suggested that in the rumen a significant quantity of microbial branchedchain amino acids may be synthesized fromBranched-chain fatty acids.

TL;DR: It is suggested that 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylpyruvic acid is an intermediate in the fungal decomposition of the guaiacylglycerol-β-coniferyl ether units present in softwood lignin, and that the enol form of this acid is converted to vanillic acid and vanillin.

TL;DR: Ribosomes from unfertilized eggs and developmental stages of Paracentrotus lividus and Lytechinus pictus have been fractionated in sucrose gradients and Pulse-labeling experiments support their identification as the active particles in amino acid incorporation.

TL;DR: The in vivo incorporation of orthophosphate-P 32 into RNA of subcellular fractions of immature and ovariectomized rat uteri was stimulated within the first hour after estradiol-17β injection, indicating an effect on some common site of synthesis.

TL;DR: By electron-spin resonance measurements, the melanin granules of the mammalian eye have been shown to generate free radicals when irradiated with visible light under approximately physiological conditions, and the anatomical proximity of the melanIn granules to the rods and cones and their response to light suggests that the melanins may play an important role in the visual process.

TL;DR: The indispensability of arginine in fowl nutrition and the absence of an ornithine cycle are both manifestations of the presence of the four enzymes ofArginine synthesis from the liver.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the specific fatty acid distribution may originate in plants and in plankton and be retained in the lipid metabolism by virtue of the retention of the β-monoglyceride structure.

TL;DR: Experiments are presented to demonstrate that the split-beam system automatically compensates for nonuniform illumination resulting from inadequacies in the optical system itself.

TL;DR: The application of the theoretical expressions to the propulsion of flagellated bacteria, using typical parameters describing the geometric and dynamic properties of the bacteria, shows clearly that the magnitude of the observed velocities can only be explained if the flagella are active motor organs.

TL;DR: The physiological function of bacitracin to the cell which produces it thus appears to be in serving as a constitutive part of the spore formed in the final phase of the life cycle of B. licheniformis.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented for the role of pyridoxal phosphate as coenzyme of alliinase in the preparation of protein fractions from onion and for the dextrarotatory diastereomers of the S-substituted l -cystine sulfoxides.

TL;DR: Starch grains from seeds of waxy maize catalyzed the synthesis of starch at a relatively low rate; however, the formation of maltooligosaccharides was much more rapid, and transfer of glucose from the sugar nucleotides to starch and to oligosac charides was markedly inhibited by phenols and phenolic glucosides.

TL;DR: Trehalose and glycogen, storage carbohydrates of the yeast cell, are formed in nonproliferating cells in the proportion of 5:1 during starvation under aerobic conditions; this reserve carbohydrate is rapidly mobilized and consumed during the initial “lag” phase of a growth curve.

TL;DR: An unidentified species of the fungus, Chalaropsis, produced extracellular enzymes that lysed Staphylococcus aureus and several other gram-positive bacteria, and the combined effect of the enzymes on the lysis of S. a Aureus is additive.

TL;DR: A method has been developed for the measurement of N -acetylglutamate formation, the first step in the biosynthesis of arginine from glutamate, in resting cell suspensions of E. coli K-12 and it is shown that the formation of this enzyme is repressible by arginin.