Showing papers in "Asian Journal of Empirical Research in 2018"
TL;DR: In this paper, an exploratory factor analysis is used to extract the variables and to measure the factors loading in the study and one sample t-test has been performed to test the hypotheses.
Abstract: The aim of current study is to analyse the effectiveness of e-learning for the students at university level. Data have been collected through questionnaire and it was given to 700 students. The questionnaire was returned by 667 students and 94.9% of them are using different e-learning tools, techniques or platforms. Eight variables have been used to measure the effectiveness of e-learning. Cronbach’s alpha test is used to measure the reliability and internal consistency of the associated factors. The exploratory factor analysis is used to extract the variables and to measure the factors loading in the study. One sample t-test has been performed to test the hypotheses. The outcome of the study supports that e-learning is faster, time and cost friendly, appropriate to work independently, add value to the learning of the students, usable for the purpose of active learning, faster, quick response, applicable outside the class room and quality of e-learning is satisfactory which indicates e-learning is effective.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used logistic regression model to predict stock performance and found that the model was 89.77 percent accurate for prediction good as well as bad performance of stock.
Abstract: The key purpose behind the study is to use logistic regression model to predict stock performance. For this purpose different financial and accounting ratios were used as independent variables and stock performance (either “good” or “poor”) as dependent variable. The result shows that financial and accounting ratios significantly predict the stock performance. Our study consists on the sample period of annual data from 2011-2015 and comprises of 109 listed non-financial firms of Pakistan’s Stock Exchange (PSX). Our sample was shortlisted on the basis of available data of Market Capitalization. Our research examines sales growth, debt to equity ratio, book to price ratio, earning per share, return on equity and current ratio for the prediction of stock performance. The findings indicate that our prediction was 89.77 percent accurate for prediction good as well as bad performance of stock. Although we did not consider macroeconomic variable to forecast stock return performance but our six firm specific accounting and financial ratios were good enough to predict stock performance. This study shows that Logistic regression model can be used by investors, individual as well as institutions or fund managers to enhance their ability to predict “good or poor” stock.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the export flow of South Korea by utilizing pooled ordinary least square (OLS) along with time fixed effects by employing augmented gravity approach and found immense export potential with 94 countries including China, Japan, Hong Kong, Germany, France, Indian and the UK.
Abstract: This study examines the export flow of South Korea by utilizing pooled ordinary least square (OLS) along with time fixed effects by employing augmented gravity approach. It has also attempted to find out the potential market for South Korean exports. In this study, we analyze comprehensive panel dataset for time period 2001-16 (16 years) covering South Korea’s 189 importing nations. The result emerges robust to the requirement, time interlude and trade determinants. The empirical consequences are determined consistent through the gravity approach since the result discloses constructive coefficients for economic mass, bilateral exchange rate, trade agreements and trade openness in partner country and negative coefficients for distance and landlocked countries. The results also illustrate that the export pattern of South Korea hinges on the Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) hypothesis, therefore be explicated by the dissimilarity in factor endowments for instance technology and advancement. We have found immense export potential with 94 countries including China, Japan, Hong Kong, Germany, France, Indian and the UK. Our analysis witnesses that strong policy implication and to diversification in the export leads South Korean exports at remarkable growth.
12 citations
TL;DR: A survey questionnaire is designed and used to collect responses using convenience sampling technique from sample of 250 investors of the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) as discussed by the authors, and multiple regression models are used to test influence of five behavioral biases on investment decision.
Abstract: Investor’s irrationality is an inevitable reality that has been time and again highlighted by researchers (Statman, 2008). Therefore, this study is another effort to assess the role of behavioral biases in financial decision making in Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX).A survey questionnaire is designed and used to collect responses using convenience sampling technique from sample of 250 investors of PSX. Behavioral biases include overconfidence, over thinking, herding, cognitive bias, and hindsight effect of investors. Multiple regression models are used to test influence of five behavioral biases on investment decision. The results show that overconfidence, over thinking, herding, cognitive bias, and hindsight effect have significant positive impact on investment decision. Overall results conclude that much change in investment decision is due to behavioral biases. This study will help financial advisors to better advice their clients. The one way to reduce these biases may be education and training of investors.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effectiveness of five different training programs offered to large vehicle drivers serving in the transportation industry and found a significant relationship impact of two programs on their driving performance of the respondents.
Abstract: The present study attempted to investigate the role or training effectiveness on the employee performance of blue-collar employees working in Bahrain Transportation sector. Therein, the study examined the effectiveness of five different training programs offered to large vehicle drivers serving in the transportation industry. A total of 135 bus drivers from Alsadiq transport company Bahrain were sampled for the study to outline the effectiveness of three major training programs that they were offered including Customer Handling & Passenger Safety, Health & Hygiene and Guide to traffic laws and driving in Bahrain on their driving performance. Structural equation modeling using smart PLS was used for the present study for data analysis and interpretation. The study found a significant relationship impact of two programs on their driving performance of the respondents. The study forwards theoretical and practical implications and scope for further studies.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors employed single stage stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to measure the cost efficiency in the Bangladeshi banking sector during the 2011-2015 period.
Abstract: Banking industry dominates the financial sector of Bangladesh with an approximate share of 74% of the total intermediation. In recent years, this industry is at high risk due to supervision gaps, overcapacity and market distortions. Therefore, measuring the efficiency of the banking industry is critically important to identify poor banks and bring stability by concentrating on their performance. This study employs single stage stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to measure the cost efficiency in the Bangladeshi banking sector during the 2011-2015 period. Five different stochastic models are used across the 35 sample banks. Evidence suggests that the mean cost efficiency found in the Bangladeshi banking sector is 88.50%. The mean efficiency is lower among the state-owned banks than conventional (private) commercial banks and Islamic Sariah banks. From the analysis, it seems that there is a low technological advancement in the banking sector during 2011-2015. Further, the analysis indicates that non-performing loans have a significant effect in reducing the overall cost efficiency among the banks.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of return from crude oil on the return of some major Indian stock market indices and found that there exists a long run equilibrium relationship among these variables.
Abstract: Crude oil is an important driver of Indian economy and therefore, it is important to investigate whether the movement in crude oil prices affects the return of stock market indices. This paper examines the impact of return from crude oil on the return of some major Indian stock market indices. The construct was made from daily data from 2005 to 2016 to calculate the daily return of crude oil and four different stock market indices. Two different tests were carried out, namely, Granger causality test and Johansen cointegration test. Granger causality test was conducted to know the relationship between the return from crude oil and stock market indices, whereas, Johansen cointegration test was carried out to understand whether the long run equilibrium relationship is there between the dataset of returns? The result from the Granger causality test suggests that there is causality between the crude return and the return from stock market indices. The nature of causality is unidirectional in nature where crude return affects the return of the stock market indices. The results from Johansen cointegration test suggest that there exists a long run equilibrium relationship among these variables.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of working capital management on the profitability of pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan has been investigated using a panel regression analysis, which has found a significant impact of current ratio and cash conversion cycle and current assets to total assets on corporate profitability.
Abstract: The importance of working capital management in generating the corporate profitability cannot be disregarded This study aims to empirically investigate the impact of working capital management on the profitability of pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan The study has taken secondary data covering a period of six years from 2011 – 2016 Current ratio, cash conversion cycle and current assets to total assets were taken as independent variables to represent working capital management and return on the asset taken as the dependent variable to represent corporate profitability Through panel regression analysis, this study has found a significant impact of current ratio and cash conversion cycle and current assets to total assets have an insignificant impact on corporate profitability These results give an insight of managing corporate profitability by considering current ratio and cash conversion cycle This study should be beneficial for the pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan as performance and survival of this sector is important for investor and for the health of the general public
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the impact of perceived high performing work practices (HPWP) on employee engagement in multinational corporations operating in Sri Lanka and found that perceived HPWP had a positive impact on EE with each dimension; vigor, dedication and absorption.
Abstract: Investigating the impact of perceived high performing work practices (HPWP) on employee engagement (EE) in multinational corporations (MNCs) operating in Sri Lanka is the main purpose of this study. There was very few research studies conduct to estimate this relationship, yet none examines the impact of perceived HPWP on dimensions of employee engagement; vigor, dedication and absorption. A self-administered questionnaire, which developed using standard measures, and distributed employees above executive level in MNCs. The data were collected from 348 employees. Finding reveals a positive impact of perceived HPWP on employee engagement and with each dimension; vigor, dedication and absorption. The study contributes to employee engagement and high performance work practices literature by focusing on an untouched area.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed trade creation and diversion effects in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), which is an evolution of regional trade agreements, and found that EEU is mostly trade-diverting with a minor effect of trade creation.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze trade creation and trade diversion effects in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), which is an evolution of regional trade agreements. The research will analyze intra-block trade flows and test trade creation and diversion in EEU determined by customs union agreements. Gravity model has been applied to annual bilateral export flows for EEU countries paired with a sample of 58 partner countries in the period of 2005-2016, using augmented gravity model with panel year fixed effect, this paper analyzes trade creation and diversion effects of EEU in general. The results are similar to other identical studies and suggest that EEU is mostly trade-diverting with a minor effect of trade creation.
5 citations
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TL;DR: This paper summaries and provides answers to some of the challenging issues in relation to mediation analysis and emphasis was on four key burning aspects with reference to up-to-date literature on mediation analysis.
Abstract: This paper summaries and provides answers to some of the challenging issues in relation to mediation analysis. Specifically, emphasis was on four key burning aspects with reference to up-to-date literature on mediation analysis. For a better appreciation of the efforts put in here, scholars and practitioners, have some guidelines suggested to conceptualise, test and interpret a simple mediation model. Researchers have the benefits of updating their knowledge base from the current citations provided to carry out proper analysis based on informed decisions.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the Trading Income Ratio as a core indicator of earning capacity of the business through both firms based and regional economic indicators during the first half of the present decade.
Abstract: Under the situation of complex business firms, organizations are trying to enhance their earning capacity while competing in the marketplace. The core objective of the present study is to consider the Trading Income Ratio as a core indicator of earning capacity of the business through both firms based and regional economic indicators during the first half of the present decade. For this purpose, size, LR, credit expansion through the provision of loans, BDPS, GDP, and CPI has been considered. The effect of robust regression equations along with fixed and random effect explains that size, LR, and GDP are among the significant predictors for the earning capacity from 2011 to 2015. For the difference between the coefficient of fixed and random effect, the Hausman test is applied which indicates that the marginal effect of stated indicators is acceptable which are not correlated with the individual entities. In addition, the comparison through OLS dummies, fixed and areg (a category of linear regression) explains that again the size, LR and GDP are found to be the significant determinants of business earnings in the region of Kuwait.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the nature and scope of online business in United Arab Emirates (UAE), with special reference to Dubai-a world-class destination for retailers and shoppers, and found that e-tailing has already evolved and accepted at large in many developed countries and regions like Middle East.
Abstract: The advent of the internet has dramatically changed the retail landscape. Online shopping is a thriving market, it is assumed that retail e-commerce sales worldwide will be doubled between 2016 and 2020. Online purchases or e-tailing has been increasing annually since last several years, but it accounts a small percentage of total retail sales. With the potential for growth being relatively unlimited in e-tailing mode, many online businesses have emerged during the recent past. Today, the conventional retailers are questioning whether their current brick and mortar business model will continue to be successful or to meet the new challenges they should adapt to click and brick model i.e. adding the e-tailing mode to their conventional physical store model. They found that e-tailing has already evolved and accepted at large in many developed countries but the culture of e-tailing is yet at its infancy in the developing countries and regions like Middle East. The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature and scope of online business (e-tailing) in United Arab Emirates; with special reference to Dubai- a world-class destination for retailers and shoppers.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between road accidents and per capita GDP in Sri Lanka during the period of 1977 to 2016 and confirmed the existence of the Kuznets curve relationship.
Abstract: The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between road accidents and per capita GDP in Sri Lanka during the period of 1977 to 2016. The study examines the existence of Kuznets curve relationship between number of road accidents and per capita GDP in Sri Lanka, and the relationship of some other variables such as merchandise imports from various regions and different age group of population as well. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) bound test approach is employed to analyse the time series data. The findings of this study confirm the existence of the Kuznets curve relationship between road accidents and per capita GDP. The results further reveal that there is a long-run relationship between road accidents and merchandise imports from high income and East Asian countries, urban population and age group of population 30-34 and 35-39. Coefficients of these variables are statistically significant at 1% level and positively associated with number of accidents in Sri Lanka.
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of line managers transformational leadership in developing the global leadership competencies of their respective subordinates, with the theoretical support of the Transformational Leadership theory, is emphasized.
Abstract: Developing the global leadership bench strength by advancing the global leadership competencies of high potential employees is a critical concern for Multinational Corporations (MNCs), to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Accordingly, the main purpose of this paper is to emphasize the role of line managers transformational leadership in developing the global leadership competencies of their respective subordinates, with the theoretical support of the transformational leadership theory. For the above purpose, data were collected from line manager-high potential dyads, using a structured questionnaire developed using well accepted, standard measures. Upon completion of preliminary analyses, the hypothesis was tested. From the regression analyses, it was found that there is a major impact of line manager's transformational leadership in the development of global leadership competencies of high potential subordinates. This finding is consistent with the transformational leadership theory and other empirical studies in the area and suggests the development of line manager's transformational leadership competencies for the purpose of developing the global leadership bench strength in MNCs.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of risk factors, and capital ratio along business and economic growth in stability of the banks in the case of Kuwait is examined, and the results of the study explain that there exists a significant impact of the risk factors like liquidity and credit on the stability of selected banks and operational efficiency in the form of total expenditure as percent of total assets are also playing critical role.
Abstract: The objective of present study is to examine the effect of risk factors, and capital ratio along business and economic growth in stability of the banks in the case of Kuwait. For this purpose, 10 banks are selected for time period of 2010 to 2016, with the annual observations. Panel regression models like fixed and random effect are applied to check the significance of selected predictors on outcome factors of the study. The results of the study explain that there exists a significant impact of risk factors like liquidity and credit on the stability of the selected banks in the region of Kuwait. In addition, operational efficiency in the form of total expenditure as percent of total assets are also playing critical role. This study is contributing in existing literature from the context of stability and risk with the provision of some useful results.
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of culture on governance, social and environmental sustainability across 59 countries was investigated and the results reveal the countries that are characterized by high power distance, masculinity, low individualism and long-term orientation are supposed to be less interested in sustainability reporting.
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of culture on governance, social and environmental sustainability across 59 countries. Hofstede's culture dimensions have been used as a measure of culture, RobecoSAM sustainability measure is used as a proxy for governance, social and environmental sustainability reporting. The results reveal the countries that are characterized by high power distance, masculinity, low individualism and long-term orientation are supposed to be less interested in sustainability reporting. To increase the sustainability reporting, it is essential for the government and decision-makers to give more focus to the culture as an important driver of sustainability.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors dealt with the relationship between temperature variability and price of food stuffs in Tigrai using 84 months collected time series data and applied a Univariate econometric tool and finite Distributed Lag Model in defining the variables and outcome of the study.
Abstract: The research dealt with the relationships between temperature variability and price of food stuffs in Tigrai using 84 months collected time series data thereby applied a Univariate econometric tool and finite Distributed Lag Model in defining the variables and outcome of the study. As a result, the econometric regression analysis witnessed that a 1oC temperature rise contributed the average price of food stuffs such as barley price rose up by 80 percent, maize 186 percent, sorghum close to 275 percent, wheat 60 percent, and 170 percent in white Teff over the years, ceteris paribus.
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TL;DR: After concept maps were implemented in two marketing classes in a university, both the survey and quiz were used to verify its effectiveness and positively proved that concept maps could facilitate teaching and learning activities and improve students’ academic performance significantly.
Abstract: A concept map represents knowledge hierarchically. Concept mapping facilitates meaningful learning because it helps to 1) identify understanding, misconceptions, conceptual change, 2) facilitate collaboration and cooperative learning, 3) assess learning of students, and 4) organize and present information. This paper proposes a number of teaching and learning activities with concept mapping. After they were implemented in two marketing classes in a university, both the survey and quiz were used to verify its effectiveness. In the survey, 162 students had positive attitudes to concept mapping with the grand mean of 4.1 in the Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The quiz results (with the full mark = 30) also showed that there was academic improvement in two classes with the average scores changing from 17.5 to 24.3 and from 16.5 to 24.5 respectively. These positively proved that concept maps could facilitate teaching and learning activities and improve students? academic performance significantly.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the performance of 28 IPOs issued on the National Stock Exchange and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) from the year 2013 to 2015 and found that the mean % performance of IPOs on the day of issue, 10 and 30 days after the issue is 9, 10% and 10% respectively for NSE and 8, 9% and 14% for BSE.
Abstract: The research is aimed at the short term IPO returns that are issued on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The evaluation of IPO is done on the basis of the returns generated on the day of issue, 10 and 30 days after the day of issue. The significance of this paper can be realized from the fact whether the return generated in short term in comparison to the market are more or less i.e. the IPO has outperformed the index as a benchmark. The study includes a sample of 28 IPO`s issued from the year 2013 to 2015. The results showed that the mean % performance of IPO on the day of issue, 10 and 30 days after the day of issue is 9%, 10% and 10% respectively for NSE and 8%, 9% and 14% respectively for BSE. The above results are also supported with relative valuation index which thus brings us to a very important conclusion that the Indian Stock market provides significant returns within 30 days from the date of issue of share.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the Tunisian corporate case financing strategy as undertaken by the venture capital institutions, on the basis of some criteria applied during the selection process, and they found that the significantly impact of certain adopted criteria in relation to the other criteria and maintained that the venture capitalist's attitude towards the investment risk.
Abstract: The present research work is designed to examine the Tunisian corporate case financing strategy as undertaken by the venture capital institutions, on the basis of some criteria applied during the selection process. After discussing the theoretical relationship between the venture capitalist and the entrepreneur, we are advancing an empirical model testing the influence of the venture capitalist’ selection criteria on the acceptance to finance the enterprise. Overall, the study’s reached finding, as conducted on a sample of 41 venture capital companies operating up until the end of the year 2016. In fact, the study have revealed well the significantly impact of certain adopted criteria in relation to the other criteria and it maintains that the venture capitalist’ attitude towards the investment risk.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between food quality, food variety, price fairness, ambience, staff and student satisfaction with cafeteria food services in private universities in Bangladesh.
Abstract: The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between food quality, food variety, price fairness, ambience, staff and student satisfaction with cafeteria food services. Respondents were current students of five private universities in Dhaka City of Bangladesh and data were accumulated through the convenience sampling method for reaching the objective of the study. A total number of 267 valid questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. Multiple regression, ANOVA, and T-test were used for data analysis. The results show that attributes such as food quality, ambience and staffs have a significant impact on students? satisfaction with the cafeteria services but the highest correlation is observed between food quality and student satisfaction followed by ambience, staff, and price fairness, respectively. Management in student food services can utilize these results to ensure student satisfaction effectively. This study contributes to existing literature by assessing student satisfaction based on five dimensions of cafeteria food services which is a rare effort in Bangladesh private university perspective.?
TL;DR: In this paper, a conceptual framework for shopping experience is created to summarize the results of this research study which can facilitate the retailers to create a wholesome shopping experience, and the more the utilitarian and hedonic values are given by a retailer, the more that shopping experience would be perceived as the best.
Abstract: The main focus of this research is to analyze how digital in brick stores can affect the shopping experience. The study conveys new insights to the retailers to devise their digital strategy in the brick stores instead of blindly following a paradigm shift. As the previous studies of this research field has limitations in measuring the exact impact of digital due to variance of other factors, it was decided to use scenario based experiments. It was concluded that customers prefer to be served by service personnel than digital devices and only in the cases where the waiting time is more, customers prefer digital services. The more the utilitarian and hedonic values are given by a retailer, the more that shopping experience would be perceived as the best. Rather than following a digital paradigm, it is time for the retailers to take a pause and think how to differentiate themselves considering the customers’ expectations to create a better shopping experience. To this end, a conceptual framework for shopping experience is created to summarize the results of this research study which can facilitate the retailers to create a wholesome shopping experience.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify the impact of perceived employee voice on organizational commitment and identify the mediating effect of employee line manager relationship and employee trust of senior management on the organizational commitment.
Abstract: Committed employees within the organization have become more valuable for the organizations which highly focus on to sustain and develop in this competitive business world. The main purpose of this research was to identify the impact of perceived employee voice on organizational commitment and identify the mediating effect of employee line manager relationship and employee trust of senior management on organizational commitment. To assess the aforesaid relationships, a standard pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data. Correlation and simple regression analyses were used to analyze data. It was found that perceived employee voice has a significant impact on the organizational commitment. Further, employee line manager relationship and employee trust on senior management on organizational commitment partially mediated the relationship among perceived employee voice and organizational commitment and all the hypothesis were accepted. It was further suggested to strengthen the relationship between employees and management via allowing better voice to gain commitment to the organisation.
TL;DR: In this article, service quality levels offered in private secondary schools to improve the quality of education levels in Sri Lanka are analyzed from the perspective of students and the policy implications based on the final findings of this particular research will be used to enhance the required productivity levels and quality standards of Sri Lankan private secondary school education.
Abstract: The proposed study analyses the service quality levels of private secondary school education in Sri Lanka from the perspective of students. The aim of the research is to study service quality levels offered in private secondary schools to improve the quality of education levels in Sri Lanka. For this purpose a main private secondary school was used as the case study. It helps to develop strategies to school management and the respective administrative authorities. Furthermore, the policy implications based on the final findings of this particular research will be used to enhance the required productivity levels and quality standards of Sri Lankan private secondary schools. This is a quantitative study and intends to use the sample size of 400 students out of the total body of over 2500 student population. The survey questionnaire derived from SERVQUAL model which consists of the five dimensions which are reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance and tangibles. Data been analyzed using the 7 point Likert scale and the SPSS statistical software to reach the ultimate findings based on the service quality dimensions.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a brand personality scale based on the Big-Five human personality dimensions (extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness).
Abstract: Although a considerable amount of research has been conducted to conceptualize brand personality, no study yet developed a brand personality measure in Vietnam. This study responds to criticism of Aaker (1997)?s brand personality measure that embraces other aspects besides personality, we applied the pure definition of personality and developed a brand personality scale in Vietnamese context that consists only personality items. Vietnamese (n=2465) participated in a study with sixteen brands in three different consumption situations. The results show the Vietnamese brand personality scale have the affinity with the Big-Five human personality dimensions (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness). The findings suggest that the scale can be applied in Vietnam in future research and managerial implications regarding the use of brands are discussed.?
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the impact of job demands (i.e., cognitive and emotional demands) on exposure to workplace bullying based on the work environment hypothesis in higher education sector in Sri Lanka and the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion over the relationship between job demands and exposure to bullying using the three way model.
Abstract: Workplace bullying is one of main mistretaments at work that has many negative impacts over individuals, groups, organizations and the larger society The present study investigates the impact of job demands (ie, cognitive and emotional demands) on exposure to workplace bullying based on the work environment hypothesis in higher education sector in Sri Lanka and the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion over the relationship between job demands and exposure to workplace bullying using the three way model Survey data were collected from 203 academics attached to management faculties in state universities in Sri Lanka using a self-administered questionnaire Hypothesized model was tested through simple linear regression analysis and mediator analysis Based on the results, the study provides evidence for the existence of workplace bullying in state university sector in Sri Lanka Further, it reveals that cognitive, emotional and aggregate job demands have significant impact on exposure to workplace bullying Further, it found that relationship between these job demands and exporsure to workplace bullying are partially mediated by emotional exhaustion The study provides numerous theoretical and practical implications
TL;DR: In this article, a two-sample cross-sectional survey conducted among sales executives and sales managers of two different organizations offers support for the distinctiveness of four pay satisfaction dimensions viz., fixed pay level, variable pay level and variable pay levels, pay structure and administration, and variable procedure satisfaction.
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was threefold. First, to test the validity of the dimensions of pay satisfaction in pay for performance systems. Second, to study the relative effects of different pay satisfaction dimensions on individual work outcomes. Third, to examine potential mediating role of affective commitment in the pay satisfaction-individual work outcome relationship. A two- sample cross-sectional survey conducted among sales executives and sales managers of two different organizations offer support for the distinctiveness of four pay satisfaction dimensions viz., fixed pay level, variable pay level, pay structure and administration, and variable pay procedure satisfaction. The findings of path analyses indicated that the dimensions differentially predicted the outcome variables. The results reported that affective commitment was not a significant mediator between pay satisfaction dimensions and work outcomes, except between variable pay level satisfaction and job performance in the first sample. However, affective commitment was significantly related to turnover intentions. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to measure if 52 subjects were comfortable with negative advertising messages yet felt interested in them and found that 49.7% of the subjects were interested in these messages, although 76.6% of them were uncomfortable with the negative messages.
Abstract: Reverse psychology, also known as psychological reactance, is a social influence tactic that encourages people to act the opposite of what it is suggested. This technique has been applied by marketers in advertising in which a negative message or tagline (e.g., “you don’t buy the product) is used to motivate consumers to make purchase. Psychological reactance theory advocates that reactance occurs when people react to restore a freedom when it is eliminated or threatened to be eliminated. The expected response to an advertising message of not doing something is to do it. An experiment was designed to measure if 52 subjects were comfortable with negative advertising messages yet felt interested in them. Results showed that 49.7% of subjects were interested in these messages, although 76.6% of them were uncomfortable with the negative advertising messages. Results suggested that the application of reverse psychology tactic in advertising enable marketers to create awareness and raise interest of consumers. It is also interesting to find out that 40.8% of subjects were uncomfortable with the messages but showed interest in them. The practical way of using reverse psychology in advertising is discussed at the end of paper with an example for illustration.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the critical issues faced by Indian firms in their relationship with their employees (largely workmen) and analyzed the complexity and the enormity of transacting with the government, an important external and derivative stakeholder.
Abstract: This paper examines the critical issues faced by the Indian firms in their relationship with their employees (largely workmen) and it analyses the complexity and the enormity of transacting with the government, an important external and derivative stakeholder. Extant literature on stakeholders’ management is yet to singularly and deeply discuss the relationship of the firm with the Government. In fact, in course of this work I failed to come across any western scholar who has recognized the government as an important external and derivative stakeholder. Moreover, the instances that are cited in the text with regard to government policy actions had captured India’s collective consciousness. Indian Public Limited companies were sampled based on their proximal interface with the union government of India.