Showing papers in "Cognitive Psychology in 1977"

TL;DR: The idea that global structuring of a visual scene precedes analysis of local features is suggested, discussed, and tested as discussed by the authors, and it was found that global differences were detected more often than local differences.

TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of the underlying structure of simple stories is presented and it is claimed that this type of representation of stories is used to form schemata which guide encoding and retrieval.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of structure and content variables on memory and comprehension of prose passages were studied in two experiments, and a comprehension model was proposed that assumes a hierarchical organizational framework of stories in memory, determined by the grammar, representing the abstract structural components of the plot.

TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical framework for perceptual representation is presented which proposes that information is coded in hierarchical networks of nonverbal propositions, and converging evidence supporting this position is presented from four different tasks using simple, straight-line figures.

TL;DR: This article reviewed the basic arguments offered by Pylyshyn and others against using imagery as an explanatory construct in psychology and concluded that debate about the ultimate foundations of internal representation is fruitless; the empirical question is whether images have properties that cannot be derived directly from abstract propositional structures.

TL;DR: In this article, it is argued that the vehicle domain guides a novel schematization of the topic domain, and that the perceived resemblance is a higher-order relation among entities (both explicit and implicit) in each domain.

TL;DR: This paper found that immediate serial recall differences between normal adults are largely a consequence of something other than differences in rehearsal, grouping, or chunking strategies, such as presenting items too fast to allow variation in rehearsal strategy and requiring all subjects to group and chunk items in the same way.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extend a model originally developed by Atwood and Polson (1976) for the water jug task to four isomorphs of the Missionaries-Cannibals problem and show that variation in cover story produced no differences in number of legal moves to solution, but caused large differences in illegal moves.

TL;DR: This paper reviews three major classes of structural models of episodic and semantic memory which have been proposed to describe the organization of permanent memory, and presents a method for extracting representations of memory structure using output order information from a free recall learning task.

TL;DR: This article measured IQ STM correlations in children, using probed serial recall of supraspan digit lists, and found the predictive power of IQ to range from a maximum in recall for recency items to practically zero in the case of primacy items, taking account of individual differences in rehearsal, in item persistence, and in the ability to access specified information in a short-term store.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of visual information on the ability to compare the size of two objects from memory were investigated. And the results suggest that subjects, unless specifically instructed to use imagery to reach their decisions, can compare the sizes of objects in memory using information more abstract than visual imagery.

TL;DR: Experiments 5 and 6 suggested that subjects organized the display in terms of spatial channels even when the task allowed subjects to ignore spatial location, and demonstrated that the dependence observed in the first three experiments was probably the result of crosstalk integration and repetition facilitation.

TL;DR: Subjects frequently accepted translations and items semantically consistent with those presented earlier as identical, although not as often as they accepted items actually seen previously.

TL;DR: In this paper, deaf children in the age range of 6 years, 10 months to 15 years, 5 months were presented with continuous lists of items, and for each item they had to indicate whether it had appeared before on the list.

TL;DR: In this article, it is argued that human perception, cognition, and action are composed of component aspects, which can be described as "ideals" which enter into composition with one another in particular situations to generate a situationally specific structure which serves both to describe and control the situation in its particular aspects.

TL;DR: A series of processes in a model of paranoia which performs tasks necessary for a system to use natural language and the modifications made by the paranoid processes to the normal processes are described.

TL;DR: This article showed that the zero-intercepts of the functions are lower when the probe differs from the memorized items in category than when it does not, and that negative RT is steeper than the slopes of the corresponding positive functions when subjects are aware that the probe and set categories may differ.

TL;DR: The authors showed that retrieval latency for the uncategorized cue decreased sharply as list length was decreased, while very little effect was evident for the categorized cue, suggesting different retrieval processes for the two types of cues.