Showing papers in "Cold Regions Science and Technology in 1982"

TL;DR: In this paper, a fine-grained isotropic ice was tested in uniaxial compression at −5°C. Tests were made under: (1) constant strain rate, and (2) constant stress, with total axial strains up to about 7%.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of varying SWE on microwave brightness temperature has been simulated using data obtained from truck mounted, airborne and spaceborne systems from various tests sites have been studied.

TL;DR: In this paper, a shear frame (area 0.025 m2) was used to measure an index of the shear strength of alpine snow, which correlated erratically with snow temperatures and crystal size.

TL;DR: In this article, a fluid-saturated, elastic, porous media model is used to describe acoustic wave propagation in snow, and the model predicts the existence of two dilatational waves and a shear wave.

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of tests were performed on fresh water ice in which several of the mechanical properties were tested under identical experimental conditions, in particular, the tests were standardized with respect to ice growth conditions, ice type, grain size and orientation, sample size, test temperature and strain rate.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of crystal fabric and crystal size on ice rheology were investigated, and it was shown that minimum strain rate is sensitive to variations in both crystal fabrics and crystal sizes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of freezing fronts of free liquid water in the snowpack is evaluated, and it is shown that even after a moderately cold night, it takes several hours of snowmelt before the snow pack again reaches its irreducible liquid content.

TL;DR: In this paper, a velocity profile is measured through the depth of a 0.4 m deep flow of granular snow having a nominal speed of 7.0 m s −1 and fit by an exponential curve.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-dimensional analysis which neglects profile variation in a lateral direction is presented for a floating viscous ice shelf, which applies to plane flow and to unconfined flow which is within short distances of the symmetry line.

TL;DR: In this article, the acoustic emission response from fine-grained polycrystalline ice subjected to constant compressive loads was examined and a model to describe the acoustic emissions in ice was developed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of model tests has been carried out on downward breaking conical structures using low salinity model ice and the results showed that a downward breaking cone experiences lower ice forces than an upward breaking cone.

TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of depth hoar by upward vapor transport from frozen soils in the Canadian High Arctic was demonstrated by a study conducted in the early 1970s, showing that the saturated boggy site produced more hoar than the non-saturated gravelly site nearby but the amount produced was one order of magnitude less.

TL;DR: In this paper, the longitudinal and transverse strain of sea-ice beams loaded in flexure was measured with stress rates varying from 10 to 600 kPa s−1 and temperatures ranging from −5°C to −40°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, a vertical load is applied to the floating ice sheet either by placing dead weights in discrete increments or with a screw drive apparatus in series with a load cell, and the deflection of the ice sheet is monitored at the point of loading or near it.

TL;DR: In this paper, a boundary integral equation formulation based on the complex Cauchy integral theorem is applied to two-dimensional soil-water phase change problems encountered in algid soils, where the model assumes that potential theory applies in the estimation of heat flux along a freezing front of differential thickness and that quasi-steady state temperatures occur along the problem domain boundary.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the strain heterogeneity of polycrystalline fabrics by inscribing initially circular markers on a face perpendicular to the axis of plane strain, and compared the c-axis preferred orientation with strain distribution.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the strength index and modulus index of ice can be determined from measurements of either the failure load or the tip deflection, or both, of in situ cantilever beams tested over a wide enough range of ratio of beam length to beam thickness.

TL;DR: A unifying numerical method is developed for solution of frost heave in a vertical freezing column of soil that is relatively insensitive to spatial discretization but is significantly sensitive to temporal discretized.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of soot impurities on snowpack albedos is illustrated when a snowpack is several centimeters deep and soot reduces the albedo at visible wavelengths.

TL;DR: In this article, the internal friction of artificial single crystals of ice is studied by the flexural vibration method, changing temperature, frequency and angle θ between the crystal c -axis and the long axis of the specimen.

TL;DR: In this article, the requirements for an oil-gas-producing structure under Arctic sea conditions were discussed and the shape, dimensions and design features of a structure suitable for construction and operation in the Arctic were presented.