Showing papers in "Early Human Development in 1998"

TL;DR: The thesis that BPD in VLBW infants results from inflammatory mediators interfering with the signaling required for normal late gestational lung development is developed and targeted therapies to minimize BPD are developed.

TL;DR: The distribution of Epo and its receptor is more widespread in the developing human than was initially postulated, leading us to speculate that Epo acts in concert with somatic growth and development factors during this period of fetal development.

TL;DR: The antenatal administration of glucocorticoids has been associated with a significant reduction in the sonographic incidence of severe IVH and the associated white matter involvement; the long-term outcome is more favorable with lesser involvement.

TL;DR: Moderate cerebral hypothermia initiated in the latent phase, and continued for a sufficient duration in relation to the severity of the cerebral injury, has been associated with potent, long-lasting neuroprotection in both adult and perinatal species.

TL;DR: It is suggested that normally developing infants are not stable in the rate of emergence of gross motor skills, and this instability has implications for infant screening programs, and supports the premise of serial assessments to identify accurately those infants with a motor delay.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that ovarian development is impaired in intra-uterine growth-retarded fetuses and further suggest that, as a result of the premature loss of follicles, females with low birthweights may encounter fertility problems later in life.

TL;DR: The data provide new evidence of the human baby's fine olfactory discrimination capacity, and add to the growing body of evidence indicating that naturally occurring odors play an important role in the mediation of infants' early behavior.

TL;DR: The finding indicated that the stromal cells of Wharton's jelly undergo a time-dependent maturation involving the differentiation of myofibroblasts during the last 6 months of pregnancy, and possess a contractile function that may help to protect the umbilical vessels from compression.

TL;DR: This study could not rule out a possible association between non-right handedness among boys and ultrasound exposure in early fetal life, but the association was, however, confined to analyses comparing exposed and non-exposed boys.

TL;DR: Neither prenatal PCB exposure nor postnatal exposure to PCBs and dioxins was found to be related to the neurological condition at 42 months of age.

TL;DR: Fetal 'brain-sparing' in IUGR appears to be a benign adaptive mechanism preventing severe brain damage, and the U/C ratio nor fetal growth were independently associated with Hempel outcome.

TL;DR: The data indicate that any regimen designed to reduce crying should commence in the neonatal period in formula fed infants, and link the timing of the infant crying peak to the mode of feeding.

TL;DR: Carnitine performs a crucial role in the energy supply of tissues during fetal life and in the neonatal period by controlling the influx of fatty acids into mitochondria and acts as a secondary antioxidant, favouring fatty acid replacement within previously oxidatively damaged membrane phospholipids.

TL;DR: It is found that a ganglioside-supplemented infant formula modifies the intestinal ecology of preterm newborns, increasing the Bifidobacteria content and lowering that of Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: The actifier, a device for the mechanical stimulation of intraoral and perioral tissues, was designed and used to investigate the response properties of the human infant suck CPG to patterned mechanical stimulation, and data provide evidence that the sucks CPG is responsive to Mechanical stimulation of perIORal and intraoral soft tissues.

TL;DR: Early developmental events can be ranked on the basis of the strength of their association with mental retardation and such rankings can be used as a guide for defining risk status in early infancy.

TL;DR: High-degree protein hydrolysate formulas are used to treat lactating infants with an allergy to cow milk proteins or with serious nutritional problems and have not been shown to prevent IgE-mediated allergic reactions to cow's milk and so their effectiveness is open to question.

TL;DR: The great clinical and scientific potential of stable isotope methods in future paediatric applications is demonstrated, as it has become possible to measure tissue protein synthesis from small biopsy samples obtained in situ without surgery, such as forceps biopsies of rectal tumors.

TL;DR: The boys showed significantly less cardiorespiratory stability both during kangaroo care and in the incubator compared to the girls, and in some individuals the stability either increased or decreased markedly during Kangaroo Care.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that in premature infants, cardiac baroreceptor reflexes become more functional with postnatal development.

TL;DR: Maternal glycemic status and maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy are important determinants of macrosomia in this native population of Native Canadian women.

TL;DR: The transient decrease of vessel density in the deep white matter may predispose to periventricular leukomalacia in cerebral hypoperfusion, and the well-developed vascularity in the basis pontis may predisposes its relatively immature neurons to neuron necrosis produced by free radical injury.

TL;DR: This relationship in a high socioeconomic population in which breast-feeding was supplemented with soy containing formulas at some time during the first year of life was explored, failing to demonstrate any significant relationship between breast- feeding and IQ.

TL;DR: In preterm infants who required intensive care during scanning, MRI could be performed without major physiological instability.

TL;DR: The results support an association between low vitamin A levels and adverse outcome in the VLBW infant, and infants with chronic lung disease had lower plasma vitamin A Levels at all times.

TL;DR: Plasma and erythrocyte LCP values of the three dietary groups did not differ at 7 days of age, but the contents of DHA and AA in plasma and ERYthrocytes at 1 and 3 months were significantly lower in infants fed non supplemented formula than in infants feeding breast milk and supplemented formula.

TL;DR: The ductus venosus shows a delayed closure in preterm infants, with no significant correlation to the closure of the ductus arteriosus or the condition of the infant.

TL;DR: In the victims of SIDS the respiratory control system seems to be less stable and cause more slow oscillatory breathing and this can be detected using spectral analysis of respiratory activity even during breathing that visually appears to be regular.

TL;DR: Theophylline and caffeine have similar effects on neonatal respiratory function, but the results suggest caffeine administration may be associated with an earlier onset of action.

TL;DR: Neutrophils first appear in the human clavicular marrow at 10-11 weeks post-conception, and G-CSF and its receptor are present in the developing bone rudiment preceding the appearance of neutrophils.