Showing papers in "Educação & Sociedade in 1997"
80 citations
65 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the challenges and problems facing school education (in general or vocationally) as a result of globalization and the technological changes in work are examined and the effects of these changes on youth education are analyzed.
Abstract: The text examines the challenges and problems facing school education (in general or vocationally) as a result of globalization and the technological changes in work. It first looks at the problems on an international level and then at the demands facing the Brazilian society. In relation to the latter aspect recent documents from the Education Ministry and the Labor Ministry, which propose a reform of the Vocational Education System, are analysed. Such a reform implies not only a certain way of linking general and vocational education but, also, many changes on high schools. The effects of these changes on youth education are the object of concern of many Brazilian educators.
50 citations
45 citations
TL;DR: O artigo discorre sobre o alfabetismo funcional, conceito that se refere a condicao de pessoas ou sociedades that utilizam a leitura and a escrita as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: O artigo discorre sobre o alfabetismo funcional, conceito que se refere a condicao de pessoas ou sociedades que utilizam a leitura e a escrita. Recupera as origens do conceito e suas diversas aplicacoes, inclusive servindo a concepcoes teoricas divergentes. Aponta os principais problemas teoricos e metodologicos implicados na pesquisa sobre o tema. Afirma as tendencias mais atuais no campo, que consideram o alfabetismo como fenomeno multidimensional e a importância de se considerarem os contextos praticos e ideologicos em que realizam os usos da leitura e da escrita. Descreve, em linhas gerais, as opoes metodologicas de um estudo sobre o tema que vem sendo realizado na America Latina, do qual participa uma equipe de pesquisadores brasileiros.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a case-study in a Brazilian state bank preparing for privatization is presented, and the main conclusion is that the skills raising in employment would correspond to a degradation of living conditions in general.
Abstract: The article aims to raise some issues related to the restructuring process in the banking sector and its social implications (employment, skills, training, wage and union's action), in the context of the 1990's. The observations and conclusions presented result from the analysis of a case-study in a Brazilian state bank preparing for privatization, as well as from the use of statistics concerning the sector as a whole. Among the conclusions, it is worth to mention that the gains obtained by the work-force in the process under study should be assessed vis-a-vis the negative effects as physical and mental stress for those who remain employed, as well as the occurrence of high rates of unemployment. The main conclusion, therefore, would be that the skills raising in employment would correspond to a degradation of living conditions in general.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of the relationship between university and society has indicated the emergence of a Second Academic Revolution, as to the classical activities of teaching and research, universities are now incorporating local and regional development, and some authors suggest the Triple Helix concept, an intermediate proposal between free market economy and a centrally planned one, and an alternative for the linear innovation model approach.
Abstract: Recent studies on the relationship between university and society have indicated the emergence of a Second Academic Revolution, as to the classical activities of teaching and research, universities are now incorporating local and regional development. Additionally, some authors suggest the Triple Helix concept, an intermediate proposal between free market economy and a centrally planned one, and an alternative for the linear innovation model approach. The present survey intends to appraise the intensity of these transformations in the Brazilian case, more specifically at a renowned university, Unicamp - established in the early 1960s to perform technological research to support the country's industrialisation process. First, data from Foundation for the Development of Unicamp were collected for the period 1982-1995. 732 contracts were evaluated. Contracts were analysed as to number, average duration, total funding, and average value, as well as by date and category of the funding agency. In the second part, a sample of 25% of the contracts conducted with industry and public administration was selected, a total of 116 contracts leading to 57 interviews with professors-co-ordinators of the selected contracts. Data collected during this phase were related to characterisation and evaluation of contracts, profile, motivation and interaction tendencies, as well as an appraisal of a liaison office.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an alternative to curriculum analyses and curriculum construction, based on the activities of educational consultancy as well as on educational policies, evaluation practice managed by different public institutions, and on educational research, with the purpose of aiding pedagogical proposals or curriculum projects.
Abstract: This text has a theoretical and practical approach - it intends to present an alternative to curriculum analyses and curriculum construction. It is based on the activities of educational consultancy as well as on educational policies, evaluation practice managed by different public institutions, and on educational research, with the purpose of aiding pedagogical proposals or curricula projects. The text is guided by a critical theory of culture and the author assumes that every pedagogical project expresses a political and cultural project. It is aimed at, in particular, professionals who work or study in public education. The analysis developed here attempted to systemize the principal questions that have to be answered in order to elaborate curricula projects.
26 citations
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a texto procura sistematizar as questoes ao redor das quais desenvolveram-se as analises sobre qualificacao e reestruturacao produtiva nas pesquisas educacionais.
Abstract: Este texto procura sistematizar as questoes ao redor das quais desenvolveram-se as analises sobre qualificacao e reestruturacao produtiva nas pesquisas educacionais. Para elaborar este balanco, recorremos aos principais estudos da area publicados na ultima decada no Brasil. Foram consultadas, tambem, as contribuicoes do GT Trabalho e Educacao da Anped, assim como os anais de encontros e seminarios recentes sobre o tema. O artigo aborda os principais topicos que, em diferentes momentos, marcaram este debate, em especial: politecnia e polivalencia; inovacao nos sistemas de producao e demanda por qualificacoes; centralidade da educacao basica; qualificacao e competencias discutindo, por fim, suas implicacoes para a questao da empregabilidade.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the new demands imposed on a set of initiatives linked to the formation of both the worker and the citizen, as a result of the transformations that have been occurring in the present world.
Abstract: The article discusses the new demands imposed on a set of initiatives linked to the formation of both the worker and the citizen, as a result of the transformations that have been occurring in the present world. Therefore, one observes a shift of conceptions: - from knowledge to competence, in the sphere of education; - from qualification to competence, in the sphere of work. The approach of such categories of analysis is based on recent studies and research on formation, construction of competence and possible articulations of these phenomena with the enhancement of citizenship
TL;DR: The authors aborda a questao da "alfabetizacao cientifica" no contexto do ensino profissionalizante, in which a caracterizacião do saber do tecnico de nivel medio.
Abstract: Este artigo aborda a questao da "alfabetizacao cientifica" no contexto do ensino profissionalizante. Inicialmente, nos apresentamos algumas previsoes quanto ao contorno da sociedade tecnologica emergente, colocando em evidencia as repercussoes sobre o mundo do trabalho. Em seguida, nos abordamos o conceito de alfabetizacao cientifica e o situamos no campo da formacao para o trabalho, tendo em vista principalmente uma caracterizacao do saber do tecnico de nivel medio. Este saber, de natureza eminentemente funcional, encontra na dinâmica do processo de alfabetizacao cientifica uma via de valorizacao pessoal e social da formacao profissional. Nos concluimos com uma reflexao geral sobre o tema tratado.
TL;DR: A national program of external evaluation of teacher training transmitted via satellite is concluded that the program is innovative in its form and content, and could become an important vehicle for recycling primary teachers, however, it is insufficiently implemented.
Abstract: This article is a reflection based on a national program of external evaluation of teacher training transmitted via satellite: "A leap for the future". It contains data from a field research including sample of T.V. classrooms in eight states from different regions of the country. It examines the program's theoretical and methodological proposals and format, as well as the interaction of educational agents, the advantages gained by teachers and finally conditions for implementing the program. The evaluation concludes that the program is innovative in its form and content, and could become an important vehicle for recycling primary teachers. However, it is insufficiently implemented.
TL;DR: The Legislative' School, a pioneer idea from the Minas Gerais State Legislative Assembly, is an institution that provides knowledge and stimulates thought in the area of learning, research and university extension.
Abstract: This report presents the Legislative' School, a pioneer idea from the Minas Gerais State Legislative Assembly - an institution that provides knowledge and stimulates thought in the area of learning, research and university extension The report gives a brief history of its establishment and then talks about the advances of the school towards editorial and educational practices in citizen education the challenges of using apropriated technological tools: TV and Internet are also discussed The report did not neglect to reveal the institutional and historical limitations for a truly democratic and citizen participation: subservience of the Legislative to the Executive branch, the patronage in the relationship between the representative and the constituent, the parliamentary corporation and impunity
TL;DR: Workers indicated that changes in the production system and in management techniques in three auto parts firms have brought some improvements but also resulted in greater mental and physical pressure as discussed by the authors, which resulted in increased cases of repetitive strain injury (RSI) and the introduction of polyvalence.
Abstract: Workers indicate that changes in the production system and in management techniques in three auto parts firms have brought some improvements but also resulted in greater mental and physical pressure. Improvements have arisen mainly with the introduction of technological innovations which have eased and simplified work. Increased pressure has derived from the intensification of the pace of work, which has resulted in increased cases of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) and the introduction of polyvalence. Male and female workers evaluated the effects of polyvalence in different ways. When women affirm that "nothing has changed" in their work with the introduction of polyvalence, it is possible that they are using the domestic sphere as their point of reference, where it is "natural" for them to perform a variety of activities simultaneously, to which additional tasks can always be added.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine a papel da escola na reproducao social and expoe a logica da insercao do sistema de ensino no processo de producao e circulacao de bens simbolicos.
Abstract: Tomando por base a analise realizada por Bourdieu da pratica educativa, o estudo examina a especificidade do papel da escola na reproducao social e expoe a logica da insercao do sistema de ensino no processo de producao e circulacao de bens simbolicos. Enfoca as relacoes que a escola mantem com a lei de retorno do capital simbolico e aborda as determinacoes tendenciais do capital linguistico no exito e no fracasso escolares.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the main characterization elements, as well as some of the most important issues and criticisms that have been raised against the Japanese "model".
Abstract: The objective of this text is to present an overview (according to many researchers) of the main characterization elements, as well as some of the most important issues and criticisms that have been raised against the Japanese "model". Following this, in highlighting the limits of these criticisms, it leads us to an analysis of the various labour processes, including the Japanese process, as an apparent expression of the achievement of the capitalistic accumulation in the present phase of the "flexible capital accumulation". Finally, it proposes an approach to the issue of labour/education, in which one must understand and discuss the educational phenomenon based on the new pattern of "flexible capital accumulation".
TL;DR: A politica educacional do Japao dos anos 90, influenciada pela globalizacao e internacionalizationacao, reforma os jardins-de-infância oficiais.
Abstract: A politica educacional do Japao dos anos 90, influenciada pela globalizacao e internacionalizacao, reforma os jardins-de-infância oficiais. Destinada a criancas de 3 a 5 anos, os jardins-de-infância oficiais definem uma proposta pedagogica em torno do brincar, como forma de levar a crianca a conhecer seu ambiente, a socializar-se, a aprender a linguagem, a expressar-se e a criar. Em virtude da predominância do atendimento particular no campo da educacao infantil e a pouca participacao do governo, o brincar ocupa pouco espaco nas escolas infantis.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the reforms implemented in the administration of the public school system in the state of Minas Gerais in 1995 and consider that those adopted actions contribute to the restructure of public system on administrative rationality, which informs the entitled Proqualidade.
Abstract: This article discusses the reforms implemented in the administration of the public school system in the state of Minas Gerais in 1995. It is considered that those adopted actions contribute to the restructure of the public system on administrative rationality, which informs the entitled Proqualidade. At the same time, it reinforces the frequency of an authoritative pattern of political education. It was derived from a survey of the process of amplification/retraction of the state of Minas Gerais' public system, the analysis of administrative actions published by the State Secretary of Education and its repercussions on the configuration of the state system.
TL;DR: In this article, a monographic study of a school founded by the jesuits in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, whose clientele is drawn mainly from the business bourgeoisie and the aristocracy, is presented, where the teaching methods applied and the professional and family trajectories, the matrimonial strategies, and the division of family work between spouses of those graduating from the school with the baccalaureat.
Abstract: This article is based on a monographic study of a school founded by the jesuits in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, whose clientele is drawn mainly from the business bourgeoisie and the aristocracy. In particular it studies the teaching methods applied and the professional and family trajectories, the matrimonial strategies, and the division of family work between spouses of those graduating from the school with the baccalaureat in 1961. It also seeks to show how certain private schools can be seen as substitutes for family authority, charged with transmitting a model of education that is made more homogeneous by the fact that the parents share with the teachers the same conception of the role of the family and the school; and that these schools keep their pupils away from all contact with children from other social classes, not only during teaching time but also (it is one of the "specialities" of this kind of school) during most of the leisure activities for which they are responsible.
TL;DR: In this paper, an artigo analisa as mudancas that vem ocorrendo in uma empresa de grande porte do ramo do vestuario do Rio Grande do Sul and suas relacoes com as formas de ocupacao, controle e qualificacao da mao-de-obra feminina.
Abstract: Este artigo analisa as mudancas que vem ocorrendo em uma empresa de grande porte do ramo do vestuario do Rio Grande do Sul e suas relacoes com as formas de ocupacao, controle e qualificacao da mao-de-obra feminina. Predominam, na empresa estudada, a baixa escolaridade, os baixos niveis salariais entre as trabalhadoras e a organizacao do trabalho baseada no parcelamento de tarefas. No entanto, a partir da introducao de tecnologia microeletronica e de novas formas de gestao da mao-de-obra abrem-se, em pontos estrategicos da producao, oportunidades de treinamento e reinsercao profissional para algumas mulheres.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the activities carried out by the unions of the axis Rio de Janeiro/Sao Paulo, emphasizing the conceptions and projects of the Conselho das Escolas de Trabalhadores (Workers Educational Council) and the union representations CUT and FS.
Abstract: This article attempts do retrive and rebuild the propositions and initiatives of professional education promoted by Brazilian unions and labor movements. It starts with a brief background to demonstrate that the practise of professional education is not something new. Secondly, the article presents an overview of the activities carried out by the unions of the axis Rio de Janeiro/Sao Paulo, emphasizing the conceptions and projects of the Conselho das Escolas de Trabalhadores (Workers Educational Council) and the union representations CUT and FS. Finally the article analises the synergy inherent to the work of the unions and their participation in institutional foruns of debate and management of public policies of professional education
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the differences between the confrontation or alliance possibilities of each strategy and in their relations, mainly, with the National States, and suggest that to understand the specific development in a national context, it is necessary to formulate certain hypotheses about the kind of relationships that each strategy has with the political traditions and cultural definition of identity in each country.
Abstract: Argentine and Brazilian scientific communities developments are focused comparatively. The author starts by explaining the paradox existent between the conditions (economical, cultural and educational) which should have been positive for the final result of the development of Argentine scientific communities, when compared with the Brazilian conditions throughout this century. Based on this paradox the author does not agree with the external explanation and defends the methodological importance of reflection about the strategies for recognition and legitimization of the scientific role. He distinguishes two types of strategies: the Scientificist or Interventionist and the Academicist or Renouncing. After characterizing each strategy based on the ideal type, the author interpreted, from historical evidence, the development of both countries. In the case of Argentine, the Interventionist strategies were dominating and generated a confrontation between intellectuals and university forces with dominant powers and especially with the State power, as well as between the defenders of each strategy. In Brazil, the Academicist strategy is placed as dominant and has been capable of concilitating the differences and establishing a standard of cooperation with the State. However, the differences between both developments are seen as differences between the confrontation or alliance possibilities of each strategy and in their relations, mainly, with the National States. The author suggests that to understand the specific development of each strategy in a national context, it is necessary to formulate certain hypotheses about the kind of relationships that each strategy has with the political traditions and cultural definition of identity in each country.
TL;DR: A guisa de apresentacao do Projeto "Reestruturacao produtiva e qualificacao", e um relatorio parcial de um ano das diferentes pesquisas, can be found in this article.
Abstract: A guisa de apresentacao do Projeto "Reestruturacao produtiva e qualificacao", este texto e um relatorio parcial de um ano das diferentes pesquisas. Ele discute os primeiros achados dos varios subprojetos que compoem o projeto, analisando especialmente as segmentacoes presentes no mundo do trabalho.
TL;DR: The authors discute a hipotese, colocada by um grupo de autores na decada de 1980, that sustenta a requalificacao geral da forca de trabalho como resultado da automacao industrial.
Abstract: Este artigo discute a hipotese, colocada por um grupo de autores na decada de 1980, que sustenta a requalificacao geral da forca de trabalho como resultado da automacao industrial. Ha tres aspectos discutiveis: a) as novas caracteristicas da qualificacao surgidas com a automacao sao identificadas de forma mecânica com uma ampliacao e um aprofundamento dos conhecimentos requeridos; b) os conceitos que designam as novas caracteristicas da qualificacao sao pouco precisos, e c) nao sao apresentados instrumentos metodologicos que permitam avaliar rigorosamente a evolucao da qualificacao. A seguir, desenvolvemos uma abordagem alternativa baseada em evidencias empiricas fornecidas na literatura.
TL;DR: Partindo da concepcao de Anisio Teixeira, ao longo dos anos 30, sobre o papel do intelectual, como dirigente e como educador, concepcão esta que esteve na base da experiencia da Universidade do Distrito Federal (UDF), o artigo se propoe a refletir sobre as consequencias da extincao desta universidade for o campo da educacao que, na epoca, se institucionalizava
Abstract: Partindo da concepcao de Anisio Teixeira, ao longo dos anos 30, sobre o papel do intelectual, como dirigente e como educador, concepcao esta que esteve na base da experiencia da Universidade do Distrito Federal (UDF), o artigo se propoe a refletir sobre as consequencias da extincao desta universidade para o campo da educacao que, na epoca, se institucionalizava, particularmente, no que se refere ao papel social do educador e ao seu processo de formacao.
TL;DR: In this paper, the diffusion of technological and organizational innovations within the white goods commodity chain based on a survey of firms close to around the city of Campinas/SP during the period 1996-1997 is analyzed.
Abstract: This study analyses the diffusion of technological and organizational innovations within the white goods commodity chain based on a survey of firms close to around the city of Campinas/SP during the period 1996-1997. It attempts to verify whether the reestructuring process affects inter-firm relations and the relations between the firms and different institutions, specially those related to the educational system.