Showing papers in "Energy in 1984"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated simple statistical models of summer electricity use and compared them to engineering models, using interviews, energy audits, and utility billings for a random sample of residences in Davis, California.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse minimum discounted cost configurations for the Australian energy system over the period 1980-2020, focusing on options available for augmenting falling local oil production and for maintaining liquid fuel supplies to the transport sector.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the results of a statewide survey of industry to investigate the factors which influence business decision makers to proceed with energy conservation investments and conclude that while energy conservation decision making does not follow the classically rational discounted cash flow approach, neither is it (actively) irrational.

TL;DR: In this article, a novel type of binary geothermal installation is analyzed, which utilizes partial evaporation of the secondary fluid and flashing of the remaining liquid, and it also appears that the new installation is economically advantageous over existing installations.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of 213 of these reports revealed that advertising and informational campaigns characterize most programs, and attitudes and self-reported behavior were the major outcome measures for promoting conservation.

TL;DR: In this article, a survey of the consumption of wood and other biomass fuels by cottage industries in the province of Northern Luzon in the Philippines is presented, including producers of sugarcane wine, molasses, flue-cured tobacco, pottery, and salt as well as blacksmiths, restaurants, and bakeries.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors have studied the fuel use of cattle dung and found that using dung as fuel is more efficient than its use as manure, and that after providing energy for manufacturing fertilizers equal to the nutrient content of the dung in India, used as fuel will provide power equal to 2000 MEe, which is 1.3 times the power generation capacity of the Punjab.

TL;DR: Although to outsiders the Pacific islands may seem far removed from the center of activities and controversies related to nuclear energy, this area has had more direct and negative experiences with nuclear issues than any other area in the world as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, an overview-level simulation model is presented, which integrates the energy sub-systems into a single model, access to well-developed techniques for handling large and complex systems, a simultaneous rather than iterative solution, and ease of computerization.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a pair of complementary variables and a set of component models that led to the development of a simulation model for industrial energy systems, and presented optimization and synthesis models based on the same variables and component models.

TL;DR: A natural circulation type solar water heater has been fabricated and installed at the CAZRI Guest House as discussed by the authors, which provides 2001 of hot water at 50-60 °C at all times.

TL;DR: In this paper, a generalized framework is presented for analyzing the relative attractiveness of biomass fuel production investments on a disaggregate level, using a systems approach to integrate sitespecific considerations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relation between energy consumption and economic growth, as indicated by the gross national and domestic products, and other economic and social indices in the Arab world are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined three different methods of calculating weather variables and found that these simple measures decrease the accuracy of the models substantially, implying that the additional effort required to calculate weather variables that reflect the billing cycle phenomenon is clearly worthwhile in terms of increased model accuracy.

TL;DR: The U.S. residential energy consumption per U. S. household has dropped by just under 20% in the last ten years as discussed by the authors, and this drop occurred after 1979, when gas and electricity prices as well as oil prices rose in real terms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have brought out the close correlation between consumption of energy and gross domestic product and showed that the rate of growth of electricity consumption exceeds substantially the growth of total energy consumption.

TL;DR: In this article, the U.S. Department of Energy sponsored a test drilling program to evaluate the physical parameters of the resource base and concluded that even the most promising geopressured prospects yield little net energy, even under optimistic assumptions concerning labor, government and environmental energy costs.

TL;DR: In this article, a system model based on linear programming has been constructed for a commodity chemicals industry using renewable resources and coal, as well as gas and petroleum-derived resources, and the results suggest that coal should precede biomass as a feedstock in the event of a significant reduction in the use of gas and Petroleum-based feedstocks.

TL;DR: Adjoint sensitivity theory has been applied to a liquid fuels supply model to determine the sensitivity of calculated results to the parameters in the model as discussed by the authors, and it is shown that for this class of models the lengthy development effort that is usually associated with applying the adjoint sensitivity methodology can be avoided by using the GEMS program to evaluate the large number of partial derivatives that are needed to apply the methodology.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors classified natural cooling systems according to sources of coolness, storage materials, and modes of fluid flow and heat transfer, as well as the duration of storage Ambient air, water vapor in the air, and clear sky provide the major sources of cooling, for both short-term (a few hours) and long-term storage.

TL;DR: In this paper, an improved coal-devolatilization model and a simple char-burnout model are used to explore possible synergisms in the simultaneous combustion of coal and natural gas.

TL;DR: Improved and new methods for direct coal utilization are reviewed in this article, including the following: direct burning of pulverized coals, clean-fuel-combined-cycle systems, atmospheric pressure fluidized-bed combustion, advanced and pressurized fluidized bed combustion, slagging combustors, coaloil mixtures, coal-water mixtures and other coal slurries, etc.

TL;DR: In this article, a pair of Haryana bullocks, by the age of three years, consume about 113 GJ (embodied energy) and need about 445 GJ more of feed during the next ten years of working life on the farm.

TL;DR: In this paper, a refrigerator-heat-pump desalination scheme is proposed for the recovery of fresh water and salt from the sea, where a salt water chamber is continuously refilled with sea water via atmospheric pressure.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare the economics of the two most advanced strategies for meeting current SO 2 emission standards in power plants fueled with high sulfur coal, and show that the FGD route is preferable.

TL;DR: The nuclear power industry is reemerging in a form commensurate with the priorities of those people and nations controlling the global forces of production as discussed by the authors, which is a good sign for the future of nuclear power.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used aggregate utility sales data to measure and decompose residential conservation trends, and demonstrated that the dominant conservation role appears to have shifted to reductions in temperature-independent, base-level consumption by water heaters and appliances.

TL;DR: The average annual capacity factor has been raised to over 60% since 1980, due to joint efforts of the government, power utilities, and reactor suppliers to improve reliability, shorten periodic inspections, and extend operating cycle as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the goal of Four Modernizations in China requires doubling present energy production by the year 2000, and nuclear energy will play an increasingly important role in such regions and is considered indispensable for the development of China's economy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the mathematical restrictions inherent in the logistic function in the context of crude-oil production at a regional level and showed that statistical estimates of the functional parameters based on actual crude oil production could satisfy the mathematical constraints inherent in logistic functions.