Showing papers in "Estudos De Psicologia (campinas) in 2007"

Impacto dos transtornos do sono sobre o funcionamento diario e a qualidade de vida

Abstract: Sleep disorders are responsable for many adverse outcomes on people's lives by reducing their daily functioning, increasing psychiatric disorders susceptibility, cognitive deficits, onset and aggravation of health problems, traffic accident risks, work absenteeism, and by diminishing the quality of life This study was aimed to review the specialized literature about the characteristics of the sleep disturbances that present greater incidence in the general population, and its implications on affected people's behaviors, daily routine and quality of life Sleep disorders were found to trigger adverse outcomes to people's health and well being by disturbing their work, cognition, relationship and daily functioning, with multiple unfolding in short, medium and long time

Sentimentos sobre a paternidade e o envolvimento paterno: um estudo qualitativo

Abstract: As crencas e as expectativas sobre o papel paterno na criacao dos filhos sofreram uma grande transformacao nas ultimas decadas. Pouco se sabe, porem, sobre como essas mudancas estao afetando a rotina de pais e filhos, e como os pais tem se avaliado nesse papel. O presente estudo buscou compreender, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, os sentimentos relacionados a paternidade e o envolvimento paterno de tres pais casados que tinham um unico filho em idade pre-escolar. Os pais foram entrevistados e as suas respostas foram examinadas pela analise de conteudo. Os resultados revelaram que os pais dividiam com suas esposas as responsabilidades pelas criancas. Os pais acreditavam, em geral, que sua participacao na vida dos filhos era muito importante, e mostravam-se satisfeitos com a paternidade. Foram observadas, contudo, importantes diferencas entre os casos quanto ao envolvimento paterno, principalmente em relacao as responsabilidades financeiras e ao tempo disponivel para a crianca.

Psicologia positiva e o estudo do bem-estar subjetivo

Abstract: The proposal of the this paper was to present the emerging of the Positive Psychology as a new important field of the contemporary Psychology, in a moment when new studies has focused the understanding of human strengths and values. One of its main components gave special attention, subjective well-being, also known as happiness. Searching to elucidate the involved aspects in the study of subjective well-being, this article looked for to approach some of its most important correlates. The best agreement of the involved factors with the sprouting of positive and negative emotions allows a better understanding of the human being's condition up against the adversities.

A prática do psicólogo hospitalar em equipe multidisciplinar

Abstract: Este trabalho analisa a interacao estabelecida no hospital entre a Psicologia e a Enfermagem para identificar aspectos capazes de promover a acao multidisciplinar. Foram entrevistadas sete psicologas hospitalares, tres enfermeiras, e observadas varias situacoes de intervencao psicologica. Os conteudos obtidos foram analisados qualitativamente atraves de tres etapas sinergicas: descricao, analise indutiva e analise critica. A descricao e a analise indutiva trazem a questao do poder hierarquico e da visao reducionista do medico como obstaculo a pratica multidisciplinar. A Enfermagem reconhece a importância da intervencao psicologica, mas avalia que o psicologo nem sempre consegue justificar a pertinencia de um atendimento a equipe. A analise critica destacou que a pratica multidisciplinar depende de o psicologo deslocar o foco da doenca em si para uma visao mais integrada do processo saude-doenca, o que implica ser capaz de justificar procedimentos psicologicos de forma clara e objetiva.

A perspectiva desenvolvimentista para a intervenção precoce no autismo

Abstract: A intervencao precoce no autismo tem-se tornado possivel gracas a sua identificacao cada vez mais cedo. A abordagem desenvolvimentista caracteriza-se por procurar compreender os desvios do desenvolvimento da crianca autista, a partir do desenvolvimento tipico. O objetivo deste artigo e analisar alguns programas de intervencao precoce que seguem a perspectiva desenvolvimentista. Em seguida, sao apresentadas cinco areas consideradas fundamentais pelos diferentes programas que seguem essa orientacao: comunicacao nao verbal, imitacao, processamento sensorial, jogo com pares e familia. Na conclusao, sao comentados os resultados relativos a eficacia dos tratamentos.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida em soropositivos para o HIV

Abstract: A Sindrome da Imunodeficiencia Adquirida tem tratamento e possibilidades efetivas de controle, motivando estudos e intervencoes profissionais direcionados para a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Este artigo objetiva avaliar a percepcao da Sindrome da Imunodeficiencia Adquirida e da qualidade de vida por soropositivos para o Virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana. Participaram deste estudo 91 sujeitos de ambos os sexos. Foi utilizado o teste de associacao livre de palavras, cujos dados foram processados pelo software Tri-Deux-Mots e interpretados por meio da analise fatorial de correspondencia. A Sindrome da Imunodeficiencia Adquirida foi representada como uma doenca que pode trazer inumeras consequencias psicossociais, profissionais, familiares e orgânicas. A qualidade de vida, por sua vez, foi representada em elementos que possuem caracteristicas tanto subjetivas quanto objetivas, abrangendo, dessa maneira, diferentes dominios presentes no conceito de qualidade de vida preconizado pela Organizacao Mundial de Saude, tais como: dominio psicologico, relacoes sociais, ambiente e aspectos espirituais. Os antiretrovirais, apesar de propiciarem uma melhora global, nao sao suficientes, havendo, ainda, a necessidade de uma abordagem dos transtornos psicologicos para que haja uma qualidade de vida num sentido mais amplo.

Preditores de qualidade de vida em pacientes renais crônicos

Abstract: Life quality Index predictors were evaluated in a renal chronic hemodialysis patients in regard to their two dimensions, Satisfaction and Importance. The Index criteria comparison showed a significant greater average for the Importance levels, as well as a small answers dispersion. The multiple regression analysis demonstrated an association between stressors and hemodialysis treatment. Social support, in regard to the patients' net and the Satisfaction level for the perceived support, relates to Satisfaction and Importance dimensions of the Life Quality index.

Efeitos de variáveis psicológicas na reatividade cardiovascular em momentos de stress emocional

Abstract: The effects of psychological traits on blood pressure increases have received much attention. This work aimed to verify if during periods of interpersonal stress the cardiovascular reactivity of hypertensives varies in accordance with psychological traits. Eighty mild-hypertensive adult subjects answered the Lipp Stress Symptom Inventory, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and an Assertiveness Questionnaire, and participated in a conflictive roleplay experimental session. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded continuously via the Finapres methodology. Two types of instructions were given. At one time the subject was instructed to withhold emotions and at another time, the instruction given was to express emotions freely during the session.A significant correlation was found between alexithymia/ inassertiveness and both diastolic and systolic blood pressures. When alexithymic/inassertive subjects were asked to express their feelings, the diastolic blood pressure increased significantly. Furthermore, when assertive and non-alexithymic participants were required to suppress their emotions the systolic blood pressure suffered significant increases.

Stress entre calouros e veteranos de jornalismo

Abstract: University life corresponds to a period in which the individuals are exposed to several psychosocial influences that can lead to stressful situations, harming the students' health and quality of life. From this perspective, the objective of the present study was to analyze the symptomatic differences, levels and the presence of stress among freshmen (n=57) and veterans (n=48), of both genders, from a Journalism course of a public university in the countryside of Sao Paulo State. To the participants, it was delivered the Term of Free Consent, and applied the "Inventory of Symptoms of Stress for Adults of Lipp". In the obtained results, it was highlighted predominance of stress among women; a bigger number of students stressed and in the phase of barely-exhaustion in the last year; predominance of physical symptoms among freshmen and psychological ones among veterans. New researches are necessary to elaborate institutional policies that promote favorable conditions to the students' academic potentialities development .

Treinamento de pais em grupo: um relato de experiência

Abstract: This paper describes an experience of parental training and its effects on positive educational practices, educational social skills and external stressors coping. Five mothers and two fathers attended to a group intervention, consisting of 20 weekly sessions, each one with 90 minutes of length. Behavioral techniques, such as modeling and role playing, were used. The results were evaluated by interviews and checklist and shown an increase of positive educational practices, educational social skills development and healthy coping strategies for external stressors. Besides the positive appraisal on parents' behaviors change, the parents also evaluated positively their children's changes.

Analise psicossocial do preconceito contra homossexuais

Abstract: Studies about prejudice and discrimination carried out in several countries have demonstrated that such phenomenon is taking more subtle shapes. This work is inserted in this field and investigates sexual orientation effects in the infra-humanization process. Participants were 135 students from the human resources post-graduation course. They had answered a questionnaire that required them to evaluate individuals who could be either homosexuals or heterosexuals by the attribution of natural or cultural characteristics in order to verify the presence of the infra-humanization process in the prejudice against homosexuals. Different from the previous studies, the results indicated that the prejudice against homosexuals is expressed in a more subtle way through the attribution of more positive characteristics to heterosexuals and the attribution of the same level of negative characteristics to both groups of individuals. These results are discussed emphasizing the importance of more studies about the subject which has been neglected by social psychologist.

Religião, enfrentamento e cura: perspectivas psicológicas

Abstract: Discute-se, a partir da etimologia da palavra, mas do ponto de vista da Psicologia, o conceito de cura como cuidado e como recuperacao da doenca, relacionando-o em particular com o enfrentamento religioso, forma especifica de cuidado consigo e com outrem. Distinguem-se varias possiveis relacoes entre cura e religiao, que determinam o sentido da pergunta de Pargament acerca da singular eficacia do enfrentamento religioso na cura da doenca. Defende-se que a Psicologia, como ciencia empirica, nao e competente para se pronunciar quanto a eficacia do religioso no enfrentamento, embora o possa fazer quanto a eficacia do sagrado. Reconhecem-se, dai, competencias diversas ao psicologo, ao teologo e ao agente pastoral.

Crianca e luto: vivencias fantasmaticas diante da morte do genitor

Abstract: This clinical psychoanalytical qualitative study aimed to investigate the fantasies of bereaved children - due to the death of one or both of the parents - and the way these fantasies act in the grief process. Five case-studies were carried out, with boys and girls, from three to five years old, bereaved due to death of father and/or mother, who had been referred to psychotherapy. As investigation resource, interviews were made with the survivor parent or person responsible for the child, a family interview, play sessions with the child and the Drawing-Story Test. The fantasies that were identified were: Annihilation; Guilt; Castration; Omnipotence; Rejection; Retaliation, Idealization and non-idealization of lost object, Aggressiveness; Identification with lost object, Denial of loss, Regression; Reparation and Repetition of the loss situation. There were also indicated feelings, behaviors and symptoms, by the expression of fantasies. The construction of these fantasies was related to: psychosexual and cognitive development stage, ego functioning, surrounding conditions related to the death and family dynamics. Among these factors, those that facilitate or jeopardize the grief process were identified. The fantasies reflect the process of grief work and their awareness allows the feelings, behaviors and symptoms understanding and they are associated to the grief processes.

Stress ocupacional em bombeiros: efeitos de intervenção baseada em avaliação de necessidades

Abstract: This study describes effects of an occupational stress intervention based on needs assessment in seven firefighters. Group interviews were conducted to identify occupational stressors, coping strategies and stress symptoms. Based on evidences that the targetgroup presented a restrict coping repertoire and many stress symptoms, it was implemented a 12-sessions intervention, consisted by information, relaxation, assertive training, problem solution skills, time management and cognitive restructuring. Pre and post-test measures were obtained for immunity, blood pressure, and verbal responses of stress, general health and coping. The comparison of pre and post-measures showed stress and somatic symptoms decrease; and self-efficacy and diastolic blood pressure increase. Organizational or combined interventions were recommended.

Atendimento em clínicas-escola de psicologia da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre

Abstract: Survey's research about clients form University Psychology Clinics in the 80's and 90's indicated that the psychological services were inefficient. Although many studies about University Psychology Clinics have been conducted in Brazil, there are few in Rio Grande do Sul. This study is a research about therapeutic practices and theoretical orientation modality developed at University Psychology Clinics from Porto Alegre Metropolitan Region. The present paper also describes patient's screening and helping processes, as well as verifies index of other institutions' referring, treatment ending and dropping out. Data indicates many kinds of therapeutic practices and theoretical orientation in all University Psychology Clinics of this research. 11.88% of the clientele were referred to other institutions, 38.21% have given up the attending process and 15.79% of the patients discharged: positive results comparing to the literature.

Estressores e estratégias de coping em uma amostra de psicólogos clínicos

Abstract: Under stress contingencies, clinical psychologists might have their work quality compromised, what can bring consequences to clients in treatment as well. This paper objectified: to assess stress levels, to point out stress sources in the practical context, and list coping used. Fifteen psychologists participated of this research. The Lipp Stress Symptom Inventory was applied and semi-structured interviews took place. The results indicated that 12 participants didn't present stress. They all mentioned coping. The most quoted stress agent was the "concern with specific clients"; the most cited coping was to take vacation and to practice physical exercises. The research revealed that coping might be related to the fact that many stress agents were noticed during their practice, but these agents haven't unleashed the stress process in this group. It was discussed if the knowledge and the abilities acquired by the clinical psychologists could also contribute to their success facing stress agents.

Culture and health in the organizations

Abstract: Para Tamayo et al. (2004), o trabalho humano,observado sobre o prisma historico, revela suatransformacao num meio civilizado e de cultura,marcando os mais remotos lugares com o sinal dohomem. O trabalho representa para a pessoa um dosaspectos mais relevantes de sua vida e e inseparavel dasua existencia. Esse trabalho nao e so a producao debens e riquezas, mas a maneira de sua realizacao comopessoa. A relacao entre o trabalho e o bem-estar dotrabalhador requer a implantacao e implementacao, porparte das organizacoes, de politicas de prevencao,construindo uma cultura organizacional, em que sejapropicia a realizacao da missao da organizacao com agarantia da qualidade de vida e a realizacao das pessoas.Na sociedade contemporânea, o trabalho ocorrenas organizacoes, ou seja, esta situado em um contextopre-determinado. O livro analisa o fato de que cadaorganizacao tem uma cultura voltada para a produti-vidade, e, em certos casos, a meta do lucro prevaleceem detrimento da realizacao das pessoas. A culturafavorece o processo de personalizacao ou desperso-nalizacao do individuo.Para os autores, o homem dedica boa parte desua existencia ao trabalho e o aparecimento de doencaspode estar associado aos impactos da organizacao dotrabalho sobre a saude, o bem-estar fisico, mental esocial dos trabalhadores. O conceito de saude orga-nizacional esta diretamente associado ao equilibrioentre a estrutura, o funcionamento organizacional e obem-estar individual.A cultura e um substrato de uma organizacao e,talvez, um de seus fundamentos. As organizacoes saoum modo de producao social, de agrupamento depessoas em torno do trabalho para produzir riquezas,bens, mercadorias e cultura. A cultura esta relacionadaao modo de producao social do trabalho, e um compo-nente envolvente, onipresente e invisivel na organizacaoe pode ser tambem visivel ou concreta no modo comoas pessoas se vestem, se comunicam, se organizam,como criam instrumentos de manipulacao de artefatoshumanos no trabalho.E invisivel quando se expressa em processossubliminares, como a comunicacao nao verbal, ainteracao, o conflito, a competicao, a assimilacao ou osprocessos subjetivos.A cultura e altamente benefica quando favoreceo prazer e a realizacao do trabalhador, e malefica quando

Relação entre comportamento moral dos pais e dos filhos adolescentes

Abstract: A moralidade foi abordada neste estudo como uma das variaveis correlacionadas ao aparecimento de comportamentos anti-sociais. A literatura revisada indicou a presenca de culpa, vergonha, empatia, honestidade, justica e generosidade, opinioes positivas sobre o trabalho e ausencia de praticas anti-sociais como determinantes do comportamento moral. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se havia diferenca entre escores de comportamento moral de familias de risco e de nao risco. O Questionario de Comportamento Moral foi respondido por dois grupos, um de risco e outro de nao risco. Cada grupo foi formado por 30 adolescentes e seus pais; os dados propiciaram o calculo do Indice de Comportamento Moral. O teste nao-parametrico de Maan-Whitney mostrou que as medias dos escores do Indice de Comportamento Moral para familias de nao risco e de risco sao estatisticamente diferentes, e o teste de correlacao de Spearman verificou que os escores dos adolescentes no Indice de Comportamento Moral correlacionam-se positivamente com os escores dos pais e maes.

The impact of the second child's pregnancy on the family dynamics

Abstract: The present article examines some theoretical issues and empirical findings concerning the impact of the second child´s pregnan cy on familydynamics. Based on a systemic approach the marital relationship the parent-firstborn relationship and the role of social suppor t at thatmoment are focused. Furthermore it examines the impact of this transition period on the firstborn. In spite of the studies’ inc onsistencies,many authors have emphasized that the adaptation process of a family with two children had already begun during pregnancy. H owever,this period changes have some particularities, when compared to the changes after the baby’s birth. Besides, the interactions and familyrelationships during pregnancy may play an important role on familys’ adaptation after the second child’s birth.Uniterms: family dynamics; pregnancy; child. 1 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Psicologia. R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Bloco 111, 90035-003, Porto Ale gre, RS, Brasil. Correspondenciapara/

Uma integração teórica entre psicossomática,stress e doenças crônicas de pele

Abstract: Nowadays it is observed in the health area, the existence of many chronic illnesses that demand continuous treatments, that overload health public system with recurrent consultations and high medicine costs . In this context, the necessity of complementary and deeper understanding about the physical and mental chronic unbalance best handling emerges. It is important to point out, the psychosomatic medicine approach has considerably contributed to this advance. This approach includes a huge understanding about health and illness phenomenons, considering the human being in its completeness biopsychossocial dimensions, and also it looks up health professionals' interdisciplinary activity. This paper aim is to gather some psychosomatic approach information towards stress theory and the researches carried in the dermatology field that consider the psychosocial aspects influence in the skin illness process. Furthermore it is important to integrate this information, so that different treatment possibilities can be thought and discussed in order to contribute for chronic skin illnesses patients' life quality.

Psoríase e sua relação com aspectos psicológicos, stress e eventos da vida

Abstract: The present study had the objective to research in the Scientific Literature the relation among psoriasis, psychological aspects, events of life as well as stress. It was verified that the scientists agree psoriasis has unknown etiology. However, they comment the existence of genetic endogenous and ambient factors related to the appearance and worsening of the illness. Scientists stand out the psychological aspects, emotional state and stress can collaborate to the illness return or worsening. The stigmatization in relation to physical appearance can be a stress source for the patients. The dermatologists and psychologists agree on the treatment of psoriasis. They point out that, beyond the clinical treatment, the psychotherapy behavioral cognitive is recommendable as an intervention strategy for improvement and/or control of the illness. Researches in the area are suggested in order to establish correlation among the variables investigated in the present article.

Introdução da arte na psicoterapia: enfoque clínico e hospitalar

Abstract: This article brings up the artistic activity as a therapeutic practice for patients from oncology area. The theme is discussed through a bibliographic revision considering tree different focus. In the first one we refer to the understanding of Art as a subjective and symbolic expression and to the use of artistic resources during Psychotherapy. Secondly, we consider the Analytical Psychology position in relation to the imagery language. Last, we consider the application of Art Therapy in the assistance of oncology area patients. This issue has been undervalued in Brazilian scientific publications in spite of the growing practice of Art Therapy at Medical Centers in our country as a psychodynamic diagnosis or therapeutic resource. This field needs a better theoretical basis, mainly in the specific cultural and institutional Brazilian context.

Posição na fratria e personalidade

Abstract: This study addresses the presence or absence of siblings influence on the personality. The position occupied in the family provides diversified experiences - consequently, some aspects of the personality are also different and individual. This sample includes 1142 university students: 874 females and 268 males. The statistical analysis indicated the existence of personality differences among the subjects that occupy the main sibling positions: the only, the oldest, the youngest and the middle. These were the facets of detachment: straightforwardness, altruism and compliance (in the domain of Agreeableness), dutifulness and deliberation (in the domain of Conscientiousness) and angry hostility (in the domain of Neuroticism). The results were discussed through Adler, Toman and Sulloway's siblings theories.

Investigação das propriedades psicométricas de uma escala de metas de realização

Abstract: The motivation to learn is a complex and relevant phenomenalargely discussed by the foreign literature, but not very much explored in Brazil. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the factorial structure, the reliability and the correlations among the factors of a goals achievement scale. Subjects were 156 undergraduate students of Psychology from two universities of Sao Paulo State, of both genders, whose mean age was 22.3 years. A factorial analysis extracted four factors with reliabilities varying from 0.573 to 0.860. First factor was related to performance approach goal, the second to learning goal, and the third and fourth factors were related to distinct aspects of performance avoidance goal. Based on the factorial loadings, correlations between factors and linguistic structure phrases, suggestions were made to help other studies to obtain a valid and reliable scale to assess the achievement goals.

Stress e o turbilhão da raiva

Abstract: , daraiva, da qualidade de vida, e no campo do tratamentonao farmacologico da hipertensao, trabalho esse degrande reconhecimento.A autora brinda o publico com um texto inova-dor que reflete sua vasta experiencia na area. Ela temcontribuido sistematicamente para enriquecer oconhecimento sobre o tema tanto no Brasil como nosEstados Unidos. Academica, orientou ate o momento56 dissertacoes e teses de mestrado e doutorado, escre-veu 14 livros sobre o

A experiência da toxicomania e da reincidência a partir da fala dos toxicômanos

Abstract: This study had examined the toxicomania phenomenon and its reincidence from toxicomaniac's speech. This study has been performed in a specialized unit for chemical dependence treatment and troubles about alcohol ingestion and other drugs. The study is based on the clinical data from eleven subjects. The paper, performed within the theoretical psychoanalytical perspective was based on drug addiction accounts, whose preliminary interviews were embased on psychoanalysis' "urgency clinic's" parameters. The listening and reflection results indicated many psychological characteristics which are relevant for planning care strategies concerning about individualistic and collective problems. We distinguished two kinds of toxicomania related to the subjectivity types. The reincidence issue is a false dilemma and detoxification, along abstinence and also provoked by hospitalization is only a moment of drug deprivation that will be propably followed by a new period of drug use. Abstinence does not mean that the subjects have renounced to their drug willing. It is only an interruption correspondent to the low body tolerance in regard to the toxicomania mental fight , that follows the addicted person until death. The forced abstinence, as a public health policy and strategy, present in the toxicomania ordinary treatment , showed highly negative consequences , and need urgently to be revised. This study had tried to put the toxicomaniacs' unique experience into discussion as a intervention strategy for the these subjects' addiction itinerary concerning the moment they search for help.

[ARTIGO PARCIALMENTE RETRATADO]: Propriedades psicométricas do Maslach Burnout Inventory em uma amostra multifuncional

Abstract: The Maslach Burnout Inventory was projected to evaluate the Burnout Syndrome in workers. This article analyses the psychometric characteristics (reliability and construct validity) of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey in a sample of 655 Brazilian workers. The factorial analysis identified three factors: Emotional Exhaustion, Low Professional Accomplishment, and Depersonalization. These three factors explained 55,69% of the total variation of the subject's answers. All of them have reached a satisfactory level of internal consistency, considering that the first Factor (Emotional Exhaustion) and the second (Low Professional Accomplishment) could function independently. Factor 3 (depersonalization), as its internal consistency was under .80, can not be considered as independent scale. However, this sub-scale contributes in an explanatory way to the comprehension about the Burnout Syndrome configuration in workers.

Possibilidades criativas de professores em cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu

Abstract: The present article presents the results of the research that aimed to identify the stricto sensu post-graduation educators' possibilities of turning their educational practice and academic orientation into a creative and innovative learning process. A qualitative research was accomplished with case studies analysis. The selection of instruments and research techniques were based on Gonzalez Rey. Interviews were conducted throughout a five months period. Four subjects participated in this research, all of them were researchers and educators from the stricto sensu post-graduation in Salvador, Bahia. The educators admit the importance of creativity in educational context and confirm the possibility to implement the a pedagogical practice and an academic orientation ruled by creativity presupposition. Moreover, the research demonstrated the directors' intention in introducing innovations in the post-graduation programs.

Alfabetização e consciência metalingüística: um estudo com adultos não alfabetizados

Abstract: Este estudo - com vinte e cinco adultos (5 nao alfabetizados, 7 com nivel de leitura intermediario e 13 com nivel de leitura mais avancado) - foi delineado para investigar o papel da alfabetizacao no desenvolvimento da consciencia metalinguistica. Os adultos realizaram varias tarefas de consciencia sintatica e fonologica. Os resultados das analises de variância nao parametricas realizadas mostraram que os adultos nao alfabetizados tiveram performances inferiores, em geral, a dos alfabetizados. No entanto pouca diferenca foi encontrada entre os grupos de leitores. Os resultados sugerem que a alfabetizacao tem um efeito no desenvolvimento metalinguistico.

Análise funcional da interação profissional-paciente em odontopediatria

Abstract: O artigo visou identificar o padrao de interacao entre odontopediatras e criancas atendidas em uma clinica do bebe de uma universidade publica brasileira. Participaram do estudo duas criancas consideradas pelos dentistas cooperativas, duas consideradas opositoras em relacao ao procedimento e os profissionais que as atenderam. Um inventario foi aplicado a fim de excluir criancas com problemas comportamentais em grau clinico. As interacoes entre crianca e odontopediatra foram filmadas e os dados foram analisados, medindo-se a frequencia das respostas de cooperacao e nao-cooperacao, no decorrer de quatro procedimentos. Observou-se que os comportamentos cooperativos das criancas se relacionam com as chamadas condutas positivas dos profissionais, enquanto os comportamentos opositores estiveram fortemente associados as ditas condutas negativas dos odontopediatras. Os resultados foram discutidos considerando os comportamentos das criancas e dos profissionais em pontos criticos para execucao dos procedimentos e para o bem-estar do paciente.