Showing papers in "Forensic Science International in 2005"

TL;DR: Four multi-elementary metal and metalloid quantification methods using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were developed and validated in human whole blood, plasma, urine and hair by means of a single preparation procedure for each sample, leading to approximately 10,000 analyses.

TL;DR: Saliva or oral fluid is now meeting the demand for inexpensive, non-invasive and easy-to-use diagnostic aids for oral and systemic diseases, drug monitoring and detection of illicit use of drugs of abuse, including alcohol.

TL;DR: This review offers to the reader a state of the art of SNP genotyping technologies with the advantages and disadvantages of the different chemistries and platforms for different forensic requirements.

TL;DR: Endogenous DNA proved to be quite stable to even extreme sodium hypochlorite treatments, suggesting that DNA adsorbs to hydroxyapatite in the bone and that this process facilitates the preservation of DNA in ancient skeletal remains.

TL;DR: A multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method for the definitive identification of the body fluids that are commonly encountered in forensic casework analysis, namely blood, saliva, semen, and vaginal secretions is reported.

TL;DR: It was shown that there was loss of squalene from prints stored in the light or in the dark, and there was a trend towards an increase in levels of these substances during storage followed by a decrease back to original levels or below.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a special issue of 12 papers by individual scientists from Germany, South Africa, India, The United States, Croatia, Spain, Poland, and Turkey.

TL;DR: Very little has been published on the efficacy of using IgG concentration, or any other endogenous marker, as a measure of OF specimen validity, and obvious and more subtle variables in the OF collection may have pronounced effects on OF-drug concentrations.

TL;DR: Fatal caffeine overdoses in adults are relatively rare and require the ingestion of a large quantity of the drug, typically in excess of 5 g.

TL;DR: An attempt is made to determine sex and estimate stature of an individual using data derived from lateral cephalogram in Central Indian population, and the formulae obtained from regression analysis showed very high degree of reliability for estimation of stature in males as well as females.

TL;DR: The combination of skeletal and dental age variables represented a significant improvement in the prediction of the chronological age of the subjects in this population, reducing the number of ethically unacceptable test errors to a minimum.

TL;DR: The study of the evolved VOCs appears to be a promising adjunct to the forensic pathologist as they may offer important information which can be used in his final evaluation.

TL;DR: Using the entomological evidence obtained in several forensic cases analyzed in the authors' laboratory for comparison, the results of an experimental study carried out in a semiurban setting are evaluated to determine the structure of the sarcosaprophagous fauna from a Mediterranean region of SE Spain.

TL;DR: It was found that in sex estimate, foot and shoe lengths are better in helping the estimate than width measurements, and that the use of shoe measurements rather than bare foot measurements are better to obtain meaningful results.

TL;DR: The value of chemical methods for the determination of the time since death is up to now very limited, supported by the fact that field studies on the reliability and precision of death time estimation by chemical means are still scarce in the literature.

TL;DR: The use of saliva as a matrix for screening or confirmation of drugs in oral fluid has been studied in a number of countries, such as the UK and the US as discussed by the authors, where the main advantages of saliva/oral fluid are the possibility for non-medical personnel to collect it without embarrassment and a better correlation between presence of drugs and impairment.

TL;DR: A simple procedure based on a common silica gel column chromatography for the isolation of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (Delta9-THCA-A) from hemp in a multi-milligram scale and in the simulation of the smoking process, only about 30 % of the spiked substance could be recovered as Delta 9-THC.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that oral fluid is superior to urine in correlating with serum analytical data and impairment symptoms of drivers under the influence of drugs of abuse.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that a battery based exclusively on SNPs matching the informative power of current STR kits would be prone, if applied to routine paternity investigation, to the occurrence of cases where the statistical evidence would be inconclusive.

TL;DR: This article reviews studies that have measured drug concentrations in oral fluid following controlled dosing regimens and shows that the amphetamines including designer Amphetamines, cocaine, cannabis and cocaine are quickly found in Oral fluid following dosing and usually have similar time-courses to that in plasma.

TL;DR: Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR is used to show that the ratio between different types of RNA (mRNA versus rRNA) changes over time in a linear fashion when dried human blood from eight individuals was examined over the course of 150 days.

TL;DR: Examination of the sample by an individual with training in physical anthropology, but no case experience, suggests that experience is likely to contribute moderately to the accuracy of the sex determination, and it was shown that the most accurate single indicators among cranial methods was the robustness of the mandible.

TL;DR: Since the disease may culminate in spontaneous rupture of the affected organ and thus may mimic a violent death at autopsy, peliosis is far more than just another morphological curiosity.

TL;DR: The results suggest that adipocere can form under a variety of burial conditions, and several burial factors were identified as enhancing adipOcere formation whilst others clearly inhibited its formation.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided of the significant sex differences that exist between the pelves of South African whites and blacks whilst measurements used here for discriminant function analysis gave classifications with high accuracies that can be used in the identification of human skeletal remains in South Africa.

TL;DR: This is the first case of fatal pulmonary embolism caused by surgical cement following a percutaneous vertebroplasty, and this rare complication occurred because perivertebral venous cement migration was not recognized during vertebroPLasty.

TL;DR: There appears to be no significant difference between applying the original technique on standard long-cone periapical radiographs or on orthopantomograms, especially when carrying out measurements on all six selected teeth.

TL;DR: The use of the SPE was demonstrated to be highly effective and led to significant decreases in the interferences, and the method was subsequently applied to the analysis of Intercept samples collected at the roadside by the police, and to determine MDMA and MDA levels in oral fluid samples from a controlled study.

TL;DR: It appears that multiple UGTs are responsible for the formation of ethyl glucuronide and that any functional differences in the enzymology underlying ethyl glucoseuronide formation would most likely be masked by a combination of other enzymatic pathways.

TL;DR: The results suggest that adipocere is able to form in various soil types and that particular soil environments may accelerate its formation.