Showing papers in "IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Magazine in 2015"
TL;DR: An introduction to RBC and its model, the Environments-Classes, Agents, Roles, Groups, and Objects (E-CARGO) model is provided; the related research achievements in RBC over the past decade are reviewed; the challenges requiring future research are discussed; and fundamental methods for conducting related research are presented.
Abstract: i»?Role-based collaboration (RBC) is an emerging computational methodology that uses roles as the primary underlying mechanism to facilitate collaboration activities. It consists of a set of concepts, principles, models, and algorithms. RBC offers benefits and challenges that may not be revealed with the traditional methodologies and systems. Related research continues the process of improvement to the development, evaluation, management, and performance of computer-based systems. This article provides a concise introduction to RBC and its model, the Environments-Classes, Agents, Roles, Groups, and Objects (E-CARGO) model; reviews the related research achievements in RBC over the past decade; discusses the challenges requiring future research; presents fundamental methods for conducting related research; and analyzes the connections between RBC and other fields.
38 citations
TL;DR: Social signal processing is the domain aimed at the modeling, analysis, and synthesis of social behavior, particularly the nonverbal aspects, and increasingly more interactions take place through communication technologies that limit the use of nonverbal cues.
Abstract: Social signal processing (SSP) is the domain aimed at the modeling, analysis, and synthesis of social behavior, particularly the nonverbal aspects. So far, the field has focused on face-to-face interactions, where it is possible to use the whole range of nonverbal cues that people have at their disposal to communicate (i.e., gestures, facial expressions, vocalizations, and so on). However, increasingly more interactions take place through communication technologies that limit the use of nonverbal cues (e.g., phone calls do not allow one to display facial expressions) or that require the adoption of artificial cues (e.g., "likes" on social media). This opens a new frontier for SSP, where the main questions are: Do people still exchange social signals? And if so, how?
31 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the mainstream brain-inspired architectures and research directions proposed over the past decade is provided and a novel architecture exploiting the strengths of the current methods is proposed.
Abstract: Mimicking the human brain to achieve human-level cognition performance has been a core challenge in artificial intelligence research for decades. Humans are very efficient in capturing the most important information while being exposed to a plethora of different stimuli, a capability that is used to represent and understand their surroundings in a concise fashion. Machine learning research has made considerable progress toward cloning such a human capability with innovative techniques like deep learning, feature learning, incremental learning, and so on. In this article, an overview of the mainstream brain-inspired architectures and research directions proposed over the past decade is provided. In addition, a novel architecture exploiting the strengths of the current methods is proposed. Preliminary results demonstrate that it is able to achieve state-of-the-art results in a more efficient way.
14 citations
TL;DR: This article describes awareness and perception in the brain and introduces spatiotemporal dynamic models with intermittent phase transitions and proposes a three-valued logic model that can be useful to interpret awareness mechanisms.
Abstract: The goal of computational awareness (CA)research is to build systems that are aware. Awareness is related to a system's ability to perceive, feel, or develop conscious experiences. For cybernetics, the study of awareness is fundamental.
13 citations
TL;DR: In a BMI system, neural signals recorded from the brain are fed into a decoding algorithm that translates these signals into motor outputs to control a variety of practical devices for motor-disabled people.
Abstract: A brain-machine interface (BMI) is about transforming neural activity into action and sensation into perception (Figure 1). In a BMI system, neural signals recorded from the brain are fed into a decoding algorithm that translates these signals into motor outputs to control a variety of practical devices for motor-disabled people [1]-[5]. Feedback from the prosthetic device, conveyed to the user either via normal sensory pathways or directly through brain stimulation, establishes a closed control loop.
12 citations
TL;DR: Ruspini as mentioned in this paper is a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society (CIS) and has held positions at the University of Buenos Aires, University of Southern California, UCLA's Brain Research Institute, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, SRI International Artificial Intelligence (AI) Center, and the European Center for Soft Computing.
Abstract: Enrique H?ctor Ruspini (Figure1) received his degree in mathematics from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1965 and his doctoral degree in system science from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) in 1977 [1]. He is a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society (CIS). Dr. Ruspini has held positions at the University of Buenos Aires, the University of Southern California, UCLA's Brain Research Institute, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories, the SRI International Artificial Intelligence (AI) Center, and the European Center for Soft Computing.
8 citations
TL;DR: The meaning of cybernetics is reconsidered and a taxonomy that can be useful for us to understand various cybernets more clearly is provided and it is believed that ontology plays a key role for a distributed system to become governable or even self-governable.
Abstract: Cybernetics, as defined by Plato and later by Andr?-Marie Amp?re, is the science of governance. In the 1940s, Norbert Wiener used cybernetics as an umbrella term to cover control and communication in animals and machines. Later, the term was defined in various ways by different researchers, and, for this reason, cybernetics has been perceived rather generally as a "nomad science." In our time, few people understand the true meaning of cybernetics. For the healthy development of the field, we think it is necessary to reconsider the meaning and the scope of cybernetics so that we can have a relatively clear mission in our research. In this article, we try to provide a sort of governance message that can be advisory but nevertheless helpful for the cybernetics community to become cybernetic itself.
8 citations
TL;DR: This work has shown that adaptive collaboration system (ACS) can be viewed as a set of interacting intelligent agents, real or abstract, forming an integrated system that can respond to internal and environmental changes.
Abstract: Adaptability is a common and typical property for natural systems in the real world. It is also an important and desirable property for computer supported artificial systems. An adaptive collaboration system (ACS) can be viewed as a set of interacting intelligent agents, real or abstract, forming an integrated system that can respond to internal and environmental changes. Feedback is a key feature of such systems because it enables appropriate responses to change. Artificial systems can be made adaptive by using feedback to sense new conditions in the environment and then adjusting accordingly. ACSs can find applications in almost all industrial sectors, particularly in aerospace, automotive, manufacturing, and management. Adaptive collaboration (AC) can be realized through the promising architecture and process of role-based collaboration (RBC) [21]. RBC is a computational methodology that uses roles [21] as primary underlying mechanisms to facilitate collaboration. RBC has been developed into a methodology of discovery in the research of collaboration systems, because it takes advantage of formalizations and abstractions of system components through mathematical expressions. Problem instances of such abstractions are easily found in real-world scenarios.
6 citations
TL;DR: Some unpublished documents of Zadeh's show that the emergence of CS and the theory of FSs were interlinked, and his view and choice of contents for the new discipline of CS as an FS.
Abstract: In the 1960s, the discipline of computer science(CS) emerged from electrical engineering (EE) and research fields in mathematics and mathematical logic. Around the same time, fuzzy sets (FSs) appeared as a new mathematical theory, founded by the electrical engineer Lotfi Aliasker Zadeh. Some unpublished documents of Zadeh's show that the emergence of CS and the theory of FSs were interlinked. Zadeh's task as chair of the EE Department at the University of California, Berkeley (UCB); his activities in the education of mathematics, EE, system theory, information theory (IT), and CSs; and his creation of the theory of FSs generated his view and choice of contents for the new discipline of CS as an FS.
6 citations
TL;DR: Big Data is a term applied to data sets whose size is beyond the ability of available tools to undertake their acquisition, access, analytics, and/or application in a reasonable amount of time.
Abstract: In 2015, it is projected that about 7.5 zettabytes (ZB, or 1021 B) of digital data are being generated worldwide by everything from underground physics experiments to retail transactions to security cameras to global positioning systems. In the United States, major research programs are being funded to deal with Big Data in all five sectors (i.e., services, manufacturing, construction, agriculture, and mining) of the economy. Big Data is a term applied to data sets whose size is beyond the ability of available tools to undertake their acquisition, access, analytics, and/or application in a reasonable amount of time.
6 citations
TL;DR: This book is appropriate for classroom use in graduate courses in electrical engineering, computer engineering, and computer science and is a self-contained reference suitable for engineers, researchers, and graduate students who want to gain deep insights about Type-2 FLCs.
Abstract: This book presents the first unified and thorough discussion of Type-2 FLCs and Type-2 fuzzy logic control systems, providing the necessary tools for the design of the control of complex nonlinear systems. The analysis includes 1) the mathematical structure of some Type-2 FLCs, 2) stability of Type-2 fuzzy logic control systems, and 3) robustness of the Type-2 fuzzy logic control systems. This book, the first one entirely on Type-2 FLCs, shows the reader how to design Type-2 fuzzy logic control systems based on a variety of choices for the Type-2 FLC components and also demonstrates how to apply Type-2 fuzzy logic control theory to applications. It is written by five of the leading experts on Type-2 fuzzy sets, systems, and control. This book consists of seven chapters. This book has been written with an educational focus rather than a pure research focus. Each chapter includes worked examples, and most refer to computer programs accessible through the book’s Web site, outlining how to use them at a high level. Therefore, this book is appropriate for classroom use in graduate courses in electrical engineering, computer engineering, and computer science. This book also is a self-contained reference suitable for engineers, researchers, and graduate students who want to gain deep insights about Type-2 FLCs.
TL;DR: Norbert Wiener's enlightening insights into the nature of feedback had a profound impact upon the authors' world as he looked to model and understand the regulatory functions of such feedforward and feedback capacities as they applied to physiological forms of bodily functional stability.
Abstract: While people are generally aware of many of the nominal personalities of their day, they are, for the most part, unaware of the scientists who have moved their world. One such scientist was Norbert Wiener. His enlightening insights into the nature of feedback, i.e., cybernetic systems, had a profound impact upon our world. I experienced his influence, which permeated my own earliest scientific endeavors, as I looked to model and understand the regulatory functions of such feedforward and feedback capacities as they applied to physiological (i.e., homeostatic) forms of bodily functional stability [2], [3].
TL;DR: The paper presents the work conducted by the SMSC Technical Committee on Interactive and Wearable Computing and Devices, which aims to provide real-time information about the interaction between mobile devices and the cloud.
Abstract: Presents the work conducted by the SMSC Technical Committee on Interactive and Wearable Computing and Devices.
TL;DR: The 2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (ICSMC) as discussed by the authors was held in New Orleans, USA, and the authors presented a conference report on the 2014 ICSMC.
Abstract: Presents a conference report on the 2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.
TL;DR: This work profiles the work of Dr. Edward Tunstel, a senior roboticist in the Research and Exploratory Development Department of the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory.
Abstract: Profiles the work of Dr. Edward Tunstel, a senior roboticist in the Research and Exploratory Development Department of the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory.
TL;DR: The complexity of these public-private enterprises is daunting, at least in part because these enterprises are laced with behavioral and social phenomena as mentioned in this paper, and no one else is willing to stand up to help understand and manage the phenomena associated with these issues.
Abstract: The world is currently, and always has been, awash in complex problems of education, sustainable energy, health-care delivery, urban resilience, and national security [1]. The complexity of these public-private enterprises is daunting, at least in part because these enterprises are laced with behavioral and social phenomena. The systems community needs to help society address these problems, partly because no one else is willing to stand up to help understand and manage the phenomena associated with these issues [2].
TL;DR: These supplements will make academic papers more accessible and boost the application of the authors' ideas and techniques, and the future is already here!
Abstract: Since the origins of science, researchers' main output has been books and papers that describe new theoretical and practical ideas and results. These sources are useful and important, but learning from them is often not easy. How can we facilitate this learning process?
TL;DR: This book is very well written and includes the following: fundamental principles of systems; new approaches for solving classic operation/production systems; multicriteria decision making (MCDM) and multiple-objective optimization (MOO) formulations for all classic operations and production problems.
Abstract: This book is very well written and includes the following: fundamental principles of systems; new approaches for solving classic operation/production systems; multicriteria decision making (MCDM) and multiple-objective optimization (MOO) formulations for all classic operations and production problems; several methods for solving MCDM and MOO problems; and Z utility theory application for MCDM problems, decision paradoxes, and descriptive risk problems The book has 19 chapters, presented in seven parts