Showing papers in "Information services & use in 2013"
TL;DR: This paper addresses the challenge of archiving knowledge gained through collaboration, dissemination and visualization as part of the data analysis inference and decision-making lifecycle and motivate the implementation of an enterprise data discovery and knowledge recorder tool called SEEKER based on a real-world case study.
Abstract: As data sources and data size proliferate, knowledge discovery from 'Big Data' is starting to pose several challenges. In this paper, we address a specific challenge in the practice of enterprise knowledge management while extracting actionable nuggets from diverse data sources of seemingly related information. In particular, we address the challenge of archiving knowledge gained through collaboration, dissemination and visualization as part of the data analysis inference and decision-making lifecycle. We motivate the implementation of an enterprise data discovery and knowledge recorder tool called SEEKER based on a real-world case study. We motivate the implementation of an enterprise data discovery and knowledge recorder tool called SEEKER Schema Exploration and Evolving Knowledge Entity Recorder based on the queries and the analytical artifacts that are being created by analysts as they use the data. We show how the tool serves as a digital record of institutional domain knowledge and as documentation for the evolution of data elements, queries and schemas over time. As a knowledge management service, a tool like SEEKER saves enterprise resources and time by 1 avoiding analytic “silos” i.e., a separate set of data that is not included in an enterprise's data administration, 2 expediting the process of multi-source data integration and 3 intelligently documenting discoveries from collaborating analysts.
28 citations
TL;DR: The Relevance Assessment Tool RAT is introduced, which allows researchers to design complex search engine retrieval effectiveness studies and allows for much larger search engine studies than previously conducted.
Abstract: We introduce the Relevance Assessment Tool RAT, which allows researchers to design complex search engine retrieval effectiveness studies This Web-based tool consists of different modules that researchers can use to design tests, to collect results from different search engines using a screen-scraping approach, and to collect judgments from a multitude of jurors using a crowdsourcing approach We designed the software as a Web-based application, which allows for a distributed collection of relevance judgments, and the like Using the Relevance Assessment Tool allows for much larger search engine studies than previously conducted To our knowledge, there is no comparable tool that was developed in the academic context Therefore, no information regarding the design of such software was available to-date
16 citations
TL;DR: The report of the UK Working Group on Expanding Access to Research Publications was based on the principle that the potential social and economic benefits of high-quality research could be maximized by making the published results freely and rapidly accessible, with minimal limitations on their use.
Abstract: The report of the UK Working Group on Expanding Access to Research Publications was based on the principle that the potential social and economic benefits of high-quality research could be maximized by making the published results freely and rapidly accessible, with minimal limitations on their use. We regarded this principle as compelling and fundamentally unanswerable. It is also widely accepted.We also recognised that research communications are already in a period of transition towards open access. The aim was to find ways to accelerate that transition, but also to sustain what is valuable in a complex ecology with many different agents and stakeholders, by managing the transition in an orderly way.Our strong view was and is that the UK should embrace the transition to open access. We do not believe that the status quo is stable, and also not that the process of change could or should be put into reverse. Rather, the Group recommended that we should seek to accelerate the process in a measured way, which promotes innovation but also sustains what is most valuable in the research communications system.
15 citations
TL;DR: A broad view of the current status of the use and role of Social Networking by scientists and researchers and how this paradigm has the potential to change the landscape of the traditional refereed journals is taken.
Abstract: This paper takes a broad view of the current status of the use and role of Social Networking by scientists and researchers. Facets of the study include the styles of scientific collaboration and how they differ from current social media capabilities, a look at the present scientific collaboration sites, what the trends are in the marketplace, and how this paradigm has the potential to change the landscape of the traditional refereed journals. These studies are based on a combination of research, technology reviews and statistical analysis of research collaboration using the U.S. Department of Energy-funded published research results.
11 citations
TL;DR: The results in this paper show clear pattern recognition discovery on the social network model among key subject fields using weighted networks.
Abstract: This paper analyzes the level of scientific collaboration and interaction in different subject fields using a novel social network analysis SNA on a data set provided by the Department of Energy DOE Office of Scientific and Technologic Information OSTI in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. This paper not only determines the level of scientific collaboration between different disciplines, but it also analyzes the trends among the subject fields considered. The results in this paper show clear pattern recognition discovery on the social network model among key subject fields using weighted networks.
10 citations
TL;DR: The history, goals, initiatives, accomplishments, accomplishments and future plans of the DIMRC are documents.
Abstract: In 2008, the National Library of Medicine NLM established the Disaster Information Management Research Center DIMRC. Prior to 2008, NLM had a long history of involvement in providing health information for disaster management. Aware of this legacy and moved by the catastrophic aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the NLM long range plan Charting a Course for the 21st Century: NLM's Long Range Plan 2006--2016 called for creation of a center to show “a strong commitment to disaster remediation and to provide a platform for demonstrating how libraries and librarians can be part of the solution to this national problem”. NLM was urged to “ensure continuous access to health information and effective use of libraries and librarians when disasters occur”. In response to this charge, NLM has undertaken substantial efforts to ensure that medical libraries have plans for the continuity of their operations, librarians are trained to understand their roles in preparedness and response, online disaster health information resources are available for many audiences and in multiple formats, and research is conducted on tools to enhance the exchange of critical information during and following disasters. This paper documents the history, goals, initiatives, accomplishments and future plans of the Center.
7 citations
TL;DR: The TU Delft Library takes this challenge seriously and has a hybrid, “just in time” acquisition model, described in this paper, which combines Patron Driven Acquisition PDA, introduced by Ebook Library EBL, with current approval plans for paper books at Blackwell Book Services.
Abstract: Thanks to new technologies libraries worldwide go digital and are accessible 24/7 from remote locations.The innovation is even more visible in traditional library tasks such as collection development and acquisitions. Those tasks are undergoing rapid transformation as well. One of the reasons is the current economic climate, leading to shrinking library budgets. The common “just in case” acquisition model becomes outdated. The TU Delft Library takes this challenge seriously and has a hybrid, “just in time” acquisition model, described in this paper.The new model combines Patron Driven Acquisition PDA, introduced by Ebook Library EBL, with our current approval plans for paper books at Blackwell Book Services.Our aim is to get our users involved in the collection development process, whilst maintaining our standard of service and controlling our budget in an efficient way.
6 citations
TL;DR: Open Access has become a major mechanism whereby the returns to public investment in research are maximized and mitigates or resolves dysfunction and inequalities.
Abstract: Open Access has become a major mechanism whereby the returns to public investment in research are maximized. Initially, the information technology revolution resulted in new dysfunctions and inequalities of scholarly communication, such as large price differences among publishers and journals; widespread usage limitations and re-use restrictions based on copyright; or systemic manipulation based on unmerited co-authorship, undue delays in peer review, and even outright fraud. Open Access mitigates or resolves these dysfunction and inequalities because a it provides fair returns to all stakeholders; b offers unlimited access and efficient usage; c enhances quality safeguards i.e. transparent processes including easier detection of plagiarism and fraud; and d enables free sharing and re-use e.g. CC-BY license.
6 citations
TL;DR: This piece reviews developments in the United States but with a particular focus on efforts at reestablishing common purpose, such as the Scholarly Publishing Roundtable created in June 2009 and the Office of Science and Technology Policy Memorandum of February 22, 2013.
Abstract: Key stakeholders in scholarly communication have been at odds over the purpose, mission and business models of publishing. This piece reviews developments in the United States but with a particular focus on efforts at reestablishing common purpose, such as 1 the Scholarly Publishing Roundtable created in June 2009 by the Chairman of Science and Technology Committee of the US House of Representatives; 2 the Task force of the Association of American Universities and Association of Research Libraries established in 2012 to focus on university presses, scholarly journals and institutional repositories; and 3 the Office of Science and Technology Policy Memorandum of February 22, 2013 on Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Scientific Research.
5 citations
TL;DR: A pilot offering during the summer of 2012 that taught advanced biological concepts, healthy living and health care career opportunities to medically underserved urban youth is reported on.
Abstract: The Virtual Science Camp VSC is a unique demonstration of synchronous e-learning developed by Mentoring in Medicine MIM. This paper reports on a pilot offering during the summer of 2012 that taught advanced biological concepts, healthy living and health care career opportunities to medically underserved urban youth. Livestream's interactive video technology was used to engage a diverse audience of mostly high school students at remote sites in a new two week instructional program that provided custom course content free of charge over the internet. We describe the technical and program preparations undertaken, their implementation, the IT environment, a multi-faceted evaluation plan, the results of the experiment, and lessons learned.
4 citations
TL;DR: This article reviews the implementation praxis between July 2012 and April 2013, including ongoing controversy and review, which has mainly focussed on embargo length.
Abstract: Since July 2012, the UK has been undergoing an organized transition to open access. As of 01 April 2013, revised open access policies are coming into effect. Open access implementation requires new infrastructures for funding publishing. Universities as institutions increasingly will be central to managing article-processing charges, monitoring compliance and organizing deposit. This article reviews the implementation praxis between July 2012 and April 2013, including ongoing controversy and review, which has mainly focussed on embargo length.
TL;DR: Assessing how well standardized biomedical terminologies represent radiological knowledge as reflected by the RSNA reporting templates and obtaining first-hand information to guide the enhancement of both standard terminologies and RSNA reported templates from the user's perspective provides useful estimates of how well the standardized terminologies capture the concepts that appear in reporting templates.
Abstract: The Radiological Society of North America RSNA has been promoting structured radiology reports by creating “best practices” reporting templates. The RSNA Reporting Template Library has been developed with the goal of integrating reusable knowledge into the clinical reporting process, which has intentionally incorporated standardized biomedical terminologies to reduce communication errors caused by term ambiguity and inconsistency in radiology reporting. To date, only a few studies have evaluated the usage and coverage of biomedical terminologies in radiology reporting. This research addresses the gap with the objectives of assessing how well standardized biomedical terminologies represent radiological knowledge as reflected by the RSNA reporting templates, and of obtaining first-hand information to guide the enhancement of both standard terminologies and RSNA reporting templates from the user's perspective. We employed the RadMap software and NCBO BioPortal Annotator to identify matching terms from RadLex® and SNOMED CT® with the terms in the templates. The RadMap mapping results show that a majority of terms in the sample reporting templates were mapped at least partially to terms in the RadLex®. The reporting templates analyzed with the BioPortal Annotator yielded 38% to 53% coverage of the standardized terminologies. The findings provide useful estimates of how well the standardized terminologies capture the concepts that appear in reporting templates. The researchers believe that standardized terminologies play an important role in radiology structured reporting, and the incorporation of standardized terminologies into reporting templates will greatly improve the quality of radiology reports.
TL;DR: The Virginia Tech Applied Research Corporation VT-ARC was selected by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research AFOSR to create a Basic Research, Innovation, and Collaboration Center (BRICC) to provide the Air Air Force an innovative and collaborative environment accessible to academia, industry and other government entities.
Abstract: The Virginia Tech Applied Research Corporation VT-ARC --a private, non-profit corporation affiliated with Virginia Tech --was selected by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research AFOSR to create a Basic Research, Innovation, and Collaboration Center. The Center will provide the Air Force an innovative and collaborative environment accessible to academia, industry and other government entities. The BRICC collaborative services and environment will assist AFOSR in evolving from “doing things better” to “doing things differently” with respect to Basic Research Initiatives, Multidisciplinary University Research Initiatives, Small Business Technology Transition, workforce development including Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math STEM programs, and international collaboration.
TL;DR: In the context of Understanding Research Collaboration, there are several unique aspects of the PeerJ set-up which will be of interest to readers of this special issue.
Abstract: PeerJ Inc. is the Open Access publisher of PeerJ a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal and PeerJ PrePrints an un-peer-reviewed or collaboratively reviewed preprint server, both serving the biological, medical and health sciences.The Editorial Criteria of PeerJ the journal are similar to those of PLOS ONE in that all submissions are judged only on their scientific and methodological soundness not on subjective determinations of impact, or degree of advance. PeerJ's peer-review process is managed by an Editorial Board of 800 and an Advisory Board of 20 including 5 Nobel Laureates. Editor listings by subject area are at: https://peerj.com/academic-boards/subjects/ and the Advisory Board is at: https://peerj.com/academic-boards/advisors/.In the context of Understanding Research Collaboration, there are several unique aspects of the PeerJ set-up which will be of interest to readers of this special issue.
TL;DR: The top two most frequently downloaded articles are both related to classic children's literature, a content analysis of Cinderella storybooks in the de Grummond Collection and a collection analysis of Little Red Riding Hood in theDe Grummonds Collection.
Abstract: Spatial analysis of usage data for a new open-access library and information science e-journal indicates that within the US the geographic distribution of page views is similar to the geographic distribution of the sponsoring program's alumni locations. Outside the US, the geographic distribution of page views was greatest in Europe, followed by Asia, Africa and South America. The top two most frequently downloaded articles are both related to classic children's literature, a content analysis of Cinderella storybooks in the de Grummond Collection and a collection analysis of Little Red Riding Hood in the de Grummond Collection.
TL;DR: An approach towards the interaction with 3D representations of large document collections in which even the very mapping strategy to position documents in space can be adjusted by the user depending on the specific task at hand, on his preferences, or on the context.
Abstract: This paper describes an approach towards the interaction with 3D representations of large document collections. The goal was to provide the user with a highly dynamic environment in which even the very mapping strategy to position documents in space can be adjusted by the user depending on the specific task at hand, on his preferences, or on the context. A modification to the FDP algorithm is proposed, as well as a new gesture-based interaction paradigm in which the user can explore and search information in the collection just by simple hand movements. An experimental user evaluation was conducted to investigate the impact of the proposed approach on the precision of the mental model built by users through exploration, on the effectiveness in information search tasks, and on the general user satisfaction and perception of utility.
TL;DR: The approach taken to develop the collaborative tools, intended goals, challenges to adoption of the sites, and some lessons learned are examined.
Abstract: America's adversaries have shown their ability to quickly incorporate new technologies that threaten the US and its interests The Defense Technical Information Center DTIC serves the Department of Defense DoD research and engineering community as the central resource for DoD-funded scientific, technical, engineering, and business information and exchange Furthermore, DTIC fulfills a key role by producing secure collaborative tools that facilitate a rapid response to current and emerging threats The new Research & Engineering R&E Gateway created by DTIC, which includes DoDTechipedia, DoDTechSpace, Search and Analytics, and the Information Analysis Centers and Defense Innovation Marketplace, are aimed at enhancing DoD's ability to collaborate across the defense enterprise, identify solutions for technology challenges, and seek ways to ensure that taxpayer dollars are spent in an efficient manner This article will examine the approach taken to develop the collaborative tools, intended goals, challenges to adoption of the sites, and some lessons learned It will also review how DTIC has provided its registered customers with robust social media tools, albeit limited to the defense community