International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 

About: International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Fuzzy set operations & Fuzzy classification. It has an ISSN identifier of 1727-2394. Over the lifetime, 514 publications have been published receiving 4553 citations.

Assessment of Bioactivity of Indian Medicinal Plants Using Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina) Lethality Assay

Abstract: Medicinal plants constitute an important component of flora and are widely distrib- uted in India. The pharmacological evaluation of substances from plants is an established method for the identification of lead compounds which can leads to the development of novel and safe medicinal agents. Based on the ethnopharmacological literature, several species of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in India were collected. In the present study, aqueous extracts of these medicinal plants were screened for their cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality test. Out of the 120 plants tested, Pistacia lentiscus exhibited potent brine shrimp lethality with LC50 2.5μg . Aristolochia indica (Aristolochiaceae), Boswellia serrata (Burseraceae), Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae), Garcinia cambogia (Clusiaceae), and Semecarpus anacardium (Anacardiaceae) have also showed significant cytotoxicity with LC50 13, 18, 21, 22, and 29.5μg respectively. The present study supports that brine shrimp bioassay is simple reliable and convenient method for assessment of bioactivity of medicinal plants and lends support for their use in traditional medi- cine.

Plant cell cultures an alternative and efficient source for the production of biologically important secondary metabolites

Abstract: Plant cell culture systems represent a potential renewable source of valuable medici- nal compounds, flavors, fragrances, and colorants, which cannot be produced by microbial cells or chemical synthesis. Biotechnological applications of plant cell cultures presents the most up- dated reviews on current techniques in plant culture in the field. The evolving commercial im- portance of the secondary metabolites has in recent years resulted in a great interest, in secon- dary metabolism, and particularly in the possibility to alter the production of bioactive plant me- tabolites by means of cell culture technology. The principle advantage of this technology is that it may provide continuous, reliable source of plant pharmaceuticals and could be used for the large-scale culture of plant cells from which these metabolites can be extracted. In addition to its importance in the discovery of new medicines, plant cell culture technology plays an even more significant role in solving world hunger by developing agricultural crops that provide both higher yield and more resistance to pathogens and adverse environmental and climatic conditions. This paper describes the callus and suspension culture methods that we have established in our labo- ratory for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites from medicinal plants.

A Study of Effects of MultiCollinearity in the Multivariable Analysis.

Abstract: A multivariable analysis is the most popular approach when investigating associations between risk factors and disease. However, efficiency of multivariable analysis highly depends on correlation structure among predictive variables. When the covariates in the model are not independent one another, collinearity/multicollinearity problems arise in the analysis, which leads to biased estimation. This work aims to perform a simulation study with various scenarios of different collinearity structures to investigate the effects of collinearity under various correlation structures amongst predictive and explanatory variables and to compare these results with existing guidelines to decide harmful collinearity. Three correlation scenarios among predictor variables are considered: (1) bivariate collinear structure as the most simple collinearity case, (2) multivariate collinear structure where an explanatory variable is correlated with two other covariates, (3) a more realistic scenario when an independent variable can be expressed by various functions including the other variables.

A DWT Based Approach for Image Steganography

Abstract: In this paper we propose a new steganography technique which embeds the secret messages in frequency domain. According to different users' demands on the embedding capa c- ity and image quality, the proposed algorithm is divided into two modes and 5 cases. Unlike the space domain approaches, secret messages are embedded in the high frequency coefficients re- sulted from Discrete Wavelet Transform. Coefficients in the low frequency sub-band are pre- served unaltered to improve the image quality. Some basic mathematical operations are per- formed on the secret messages before embedding. These operations and a well-designed map- ping Table keep the messages away from stealing, destroying from unintended users on the inter- net and hence provide satisfactory security.

A New Method to Forecast Enrollments Using Fuzzy Time Series

Abstract: In recent years, many methods have been proposed for forecasting enrollments based on fuzzy time series. However, the forecasting accuracy rates of the existing methods are not good enough. In this paper, we present a new method to forecast enrollments based on fuzzy time series. The proposed method belongs to the first order and time-variant methods. The his- torical enrollments of the university of Alabama are used to illustrate the forecasting process of the proposed method. The proposed method can get a higher forecasting accuracy rate for fore- casting enrollments than the existing methods.