Showing papers in "Journal of Cleaner Production in 1998"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a number of initiatives, particularly in the United States and Canada, which are categorized as engineering or self-designing, and list 11 characteristics of eco-industrial parks which are emerging from the existing projects.

TL;DR: A screening life cycle assessment (LCA) of tomato ketchup has been carried out as mentioned in this paper, where the purpose was to identify hot-spots, that is parts of the life-cycle that are important to the total environmental impact.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors conclude from their experience that Cleaner production and ISO 14001 go well together and support each other in helping an organization to really decrease its environmental effect.

TL;DR: In this article, the first results of the cleaner production and industrial ecology concepts, applied in an industrial ecosystem project (INES) in the Rotterdam harbour area, were presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of combining the concept of sustainability principles and the methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is examined, where the goal is to achieve an operational tool that incorporates sustainability in product development and strategic planning.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a framework for the assessment of environmental impacts of products and services based on functional unit definition, inventory, impact assessment, and evaluation, which can all be improved considerably: economic notions should be taken into account; mass balances need to check; classifications should be transparent, and/or focus on a few indicators.

TL;DR: In this article, the decision support system KOSIMEUS, which is a combination of process models simulated with a flowsheeting program and a multicriteria decision support systems, is presented and illustrated with an example from the iron and steel making industry.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized results of 18 LCA studies of a variety of products from Norway and Sweden, and categorized them into five groups based on the functionality and application characteristics, to investigate the feasibility of generalization of LCA results.

TL;DR: The Austrian PREPARE project as discussed by the authors was designed to produce case studies in Austria to demonstrate the potential of the cleaner production approach to solve existing environmental problems of companies to our industry.

TL;DR: A review of research and development activities shows that progress is already being made along these lines worldwide, and commercialization of cleaner organic technologies is also proceeding as mentioned in this paper, which can significantly reduce the environmental impact of organic chemical syntheses.

TL;DR: The authors examined US and Australian marketers' perceptions of stakeholders' involvement in the green new product development (NPD) process to determine whether stakeholders with this broader environmental expertise are included in the NPD process.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the achievements of the Cleaner Production (CP) project in China's pulp and paper industry from the perspective of industry and environmental regulators, and explored the means of sustaining CP, both at the mill and at the national levels, with an emphasis upon the internal and external mechanisms fostering the continuous implementation of CP.

TL;DR: In this article, the concept of Integrated (Substance) Chain Management (ISCM) is discussed and a five-step model is applied to a stonewool-producing company in the Netherlands.

TL;DR: The European Union Council Regulation (EEC) No. 1836/93 (allowing voluntary participation by companies in the industrial sector in a Community eco-management and audit scheme), called EMAS, is an example of the new market-oriented environmental policies pursued by the European Community as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the life cycle of sodium chromate as the semi-finished material used for production of all other chromium compounds is presented, as well as the environmental hazards posed by production in Poland.

TL;DR: In this article, the air polluting potentials of cotton textile manufacturing operations are discussed and some quantitative examples are given for evaluating the risks to the environment, which cover direct discharges into the ambient air as well as the workplace atmosphere.

TL;DR: In this article, the catalytic oxidation of SO 2 in low concentration in smelting-gas, using Mn +2, Fe +2 and Zn +2 in liquid-phase, was performed separately in a foam absorbing column in a copper smelter.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative assessment of process technologies from a cleaner production point of view is presented, and the results of testing this method in practice are discussed, together with the consequences for the definition of ''best available techniques' in accordance with the new EC Council Directive Concerning Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed that data from specific, contracted electricity production plants should be used for electricity consumption in life-cycle analysis, when electricity is purchased from a competitive market.

TL;DR: It is found that pressures to accept this technology are strong enough to overcome initial resistance and that biotechnology, as it applies to agriculture, is not consistent with a cleaner production approach due to the high level of risk.

TL;DR: In this paper, the focus points in environmental design of products can be made by means of lifecycle assessment (LCA) of a reference product, which is exemplified by an LCA of a high pressure cleaner.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a project concerning the minimization of water use and wastewater contaminant load in an industrial setting, where the location was a plant manufacturing cast aluminum parts for the automotive industry.

TL;DR: In this article, a systematic approach has been developed that allows co-operation with technicians and economists within one program, towards the same goals, but using their own language, using case studies and training programs in companies of different sizes and branches, with the goal of reducing wastes and emissions economically.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the question "does LCA lead to environmental benefits along the product chain in German industry?" Two of eight case studies conducted and the insights gained are presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a risk assessment study of a typical petrochemical industry using the software package MAXCRED recently developed by us, with two objectives: (a) to provide a quantitative assessment of the accidents likely to be caused and the damage potential (as inputs for crisis prevention/management) and (b) to demonstrate the viability of MAXCRed as a user friendly tool for rapid risk assessment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the performance of financial assistance for furthering environmental policy, identifying technological alternatives which should be particularly promoted, and monitoring the evolution of the various technological choices over time.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of projects submitted in the field of cleaner technologies for the industrial sector is presented, which encompasses the programmes ‘Environment and Climate’ and ‘Industrial and Materials Technologies’.

TL;DR: In 1992 and 1993 11 companies, three of them in Styria, one of the Federal States of Austria, took part in the so-called “prepare” projects in Austria funded by the Ministries of Science and Environment, Youth and Family together with the Innovation and Technology Funds to reduce successfully their waste and emissions.

TL;DR: Inherent SHE as mentioned in this paper is a cost-effective route to improved safety, health and environmental performance, which was organised by INSIDE Project in conjunction with IBC UK Conferences Ltd, 16-17 June 1997, Kensington Hilton Hotel, London, UK.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated key performance, economic and regulatory issues that affect the viability of wet cleaning as an alternative to dry cleaning and found that over 60% of the test garments were successfully wet cleaned with a high level of finished quality.