Showing papers in "Journal of Helminthology in 1962"
TL;DR: The recovery of nearly 400 specimens of Fasciola hepatica from experimental infections of the mouse, representing 20 stages covering the period from the first day of infection to maturity at 37 days, has made possible for the first time a study of growth and maturation.
Abstract: 1. The recovery of nearly 400 specimens of Fasciola hepatica from experimental infections of the mouse, representing 20 stages covering the period from the first day of infection to maturity at 37 days, has made possible for the first time a study of growth and maturation. Flukes have reached the bile duct on the 32nd day of infection, and in two instances reached this final location on the 29th and 24th days.
64 citations
TL;DR: The common filarial parasite of cattle in Africa, Setaria labiatopapillosa, has been shown to develop in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, and new techniques were developed to avoid feeding mosquitoes on cattle.
Abstract: 1.The common filarial parasite of cattle in Africa, Setaria labiatopapillosa , has been shown to develop in the mosquito Aedes aegypti . Third stage larvae reached maturity between the 8th and 10th days. 2.To avoid feeding mosquitoes on cattle new techniques were developed. Monkeys and rabbits were infected by transplanting adult living Setaria into then peritoneal cavities. Monkeys, rabbits and rats were also infected by either intraperitoneal or intravenous injections of suspensions of microfilariae extracted from the uteri of adult worms. 3.Mosquitoes fed on these substitute hosts were readily infected with the Setaria . 4.Mosquitoes were also infected by feeding them on a suspension of microfilariae through membranes of guineapig omentum; the microfilariae were extracted from the uteri of adult worms and suspended in fresh defibrinated rabbit's blood. A few mosquitoes were infected by intrathoracic injections of uterine microfilariae.
47 citations
TL;DR: The main intermediate host of D. reconditum in dogs in Kenya is the flea Ctenocephalides felis, if fleas are kept on dogs for more than a week they can be used for xenodiagnosis to detect very low density infections.
Abstract: 1.In Kenya Dipetalonema reconditum is a common parasite of dogs, jackals and hyaenas. Usually microfilarial densities in the blood are very low. The adult worms are small; they can be detected at autopsy by searching the subcutaneous fascial spaces with a dissecting microscope.2.The morphology of the adult worms is described and illustrated. The adults and microfilariae are readily distinguished from other species found in dogs in East Africa.3.The main intermediate host of D. reconditum in dogs in Kenya is the flea Ctenocephalides felis. If fleas are kept on dogs for more than a week they can be used for xenodiagnosis to detect very low density infections.4.The infective larvae have a characteristic caudal morphology with three terminal projections. They are very similar to the infective larvae of D. arbuta, D. vite and D. manson-bahri.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors brought together all the information available on the helminth parasites known to occur in domestic animals in Kenya, including Nematodes, Cestodes, and Trematodes.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to bring together all the information available on the helminth parasites known to occur in domesticated animals in Kenya. Several reports have been made by various workers over the past fifty years but these are scattered throughout the literature. Of the principal authors, Daubney (1926, 1933) has recorded many of the Nematodes, and Hudson (1934) published a list of the Cestodes known to occur in mammals, birds and reptiles in East Africa. Dinnik (1951, 1952, 1954, 1959, 1961a, 1961b, 1962) and Dinnik and Dinnik (1954–55, 1954, 1960) have recorded the Trematode species found in cattle, sheep and goats in East Africa.
38 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was concluded that it does not represent a phase in the sense of a behavioural pattern innate to the parasite, but rather a phenomenon dependent upon the degree of resistance in the host.
Abstract: Big variations have been reported in the extent of occurrence of the so-called “histotropic or tissue phase” (“dormant larvae”) especially in intestinal nematodes. In several species these variations were found by some authors, not by others, and also not always by the same author. From this fact, and from the well known retardation of growth of larvae during their stay in the tissue, it was concluded that it does not represent a phase in the sense of a behavioural pattern innate to the parasite, but rather a phenomenon dependent upon the degree of resistance in the host.
27 citations
TL;DR: Measured dosages of larvated eggs of the caecal nematode, Heterakis gallinarum and the small intestinal nematodes, Ascaridia galli were fed to domestic chickens, in order to study the distribution of the numbers of worms developing and the influence on the worms and the chicks of the treatments in the experiments as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Measured dosages of larvated eggs of the caecal nematode, Heterakis gallinarum and the small intestinal nematode, Ascaridia galli were fed to domestic chickens, in order to study the distribution of the numbers of worms developing and the influence on the worms and the chicks of the treatments in the experiments. These treatments are summarised in Table 1, p. 110.Chronic respiratory disease, accidentally acquired by the groups of chicks in varying degrees appeared to have no influence on the course of the worm infections and the ensuing blackhead (Table 2, p. 112).Following ingestion of eggs of Heterakis, blackhead occurred in three of four groups of chicks, apparently in varying degrees, possibly related to the size of the egg dosage and to differences in susceptibility to Heterakis (Table 1, p. 110). The chicks inthe group which did not contract blackhead were considerably older than those of the other groups.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, three new species of cercariae of the "Vivax" type are described from London (U.K.) and the classification of this group of CERariae is discussed.
Abstract: Three new species of cercariae of the ‘Vivax’ type are described from London (U.K.) and the classification of this group of cercariae is discussed.The life-cycle of one of the cercariae is studied and different stages are described in detail.
22 citations
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the incidence of aortic onchocerciasis was investigated by examining 167 aortas of adult cattle; of these 165 were positive for parasites and nodules.
Abstract: The incidence of aortic onchocerciasis was investigated by examining 167 aortas of adult cattle; of these 165 were positive for parasites and nodules.Five young calves, aged between 3 and 6 months did not reveal any aortic infection, indicating that the infection is seen in adult animals mostly.The affected aortas are invariably sclerosed, the degree of sclerosis being dependent on the degree of infestation; and the aortic nodules containing worms and microfilariae are seen on both sides but those on the outer wall mostly undergo degeneration and subsequent calcification while the nodules on the inner aspect permit the passage of microfilariae into the circulation.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, 95 laboratory bred mice were given orally 5 encysted metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica each and allowed to carry the infection for a minimum of 25 days so as to provide data bearing on the growth of flukes for about 10 days before the attainment of maturity.
Abstract: 95 laboratory bred mice were given orally 5 encysted metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica each and allowed to carry the infection for a minimum of 25 days so as to provide data bearing on the growth of flukes for about 10 days before the attainment of maturity and for some weeks after maturity. The results of these experiments indicate that the 4th and 5th weeks of infection represent a critical time for both the host and the parasite. Some experiments failed, probably on account of the small number of cysts used, and many hosts died during the critical period as a result of damage to the liver, but 60 flukes developed in 34 mice. The time required for the attainment of maturity was confirmed as 35–36 days, and 32 of the flukes from 17 hosts were laying their eggs for periods up to about 14 weeks.
19 citations
TL;DR: Observations on autumn born and spring born lambs and weaners indicated that very few infective larvae of bursate nematodes were ingested after the middle of spring, with the result that at least until they were eight months old, and probably older, springBorn lambs were comparatively lightly infested.
Abstract: Observations, limited to one year, on autumn born and spring born lambs and weaners indicated that very few infective larvae of bursate nematodes, with the exception of those of Nematodims spp., were ingested after the middle of spring, with the result that at least until they were eight months old, and probably older, spring born lambs were comparatively lightly infested. These observations also suggested that retarded larvae, especially the histotropic stages, are the cause of the “summer rise” in weaners and that they also cause the “parturition rise” in autumn lambing ewes, and can be the cause of increased worm egg production in wethers. It seems probable that the “summer rise” of sheep in the southern part of Western Australia is comparable to the “spring rise” of sheep in the United Kingdom and elsewhere.
TL;DR: A new species of Brugia, from the lymphatic glands of dogs in Ceylon, is described and is closely related to B. patei (Buckley, Nelson and Heisch, 1958).
Abstract: A new species of Brugia, from the lymphatic glands of dogs in Ceylon, is described. It is closely related to B. patei (Buckley, Nelson and Heisch, 1958).Also from dogs in Ceylon, a species of Dipetalonema was recovered whose relationship with other species of Dipetalonema is discussed. In the absence of conclusive evidence that it is a distinct species it is for the present regarded as a species inquirenda.
TL;DR: Two new species are described from freshwater fishes in the Sudan from the genus Velariocephalus Singh, which is considered to be a synonym of the genus Spironoura Leidy, 185G.
Abstract: 1. Two new species, Spironoura sudanensis sp. nov. and Spironoura hexapapillata sp. nov. are described from freshwater fishes in the Sudan. 2. The genus Velariocephalus Singh, 1958 is considered to be a synonym of the genus Spironoura Leidy, 185G.
TL;DR: Systematic studies on the helminth parasites of pigs in India have appeared in papers by Maplestone, Bhalerao and Baylis, who have compiled all the then available reports and also given brief descriptions of the species known to parasitise Indian pigs.
Abstract: Systematic studies on the helminth parasites of pigs in India have appeared in papers by Maplestone (1930), Maplestone and Bhaduri (1937, 1942), Bhalerao (1924, 1931, 1935), Baylis (1939), Mudaliar and Gopalakrishnan (1938), Buckley (1939), Chatterjee (1939), Mukerjee (1945, 194G, 1948), Wolfgang (1953), Peter (1954). Srivastava and Peter (1954), Varma (1954), Ramanujachari and Alwar (1954), Sinha and Srivastava (1956), Thapar (1956), Sinha (1957), Alwar (1958) and Ahluwalia (1959, a, b; 1960, a, b, c). These studies are mostly in regard to the infestations encountered among pigs from scattered areas in India. Maplestone, Bhalerao and Baylis in their work have, however, compiled all the then available reports and also given brief descriptions of the species known to parasitise Indian pigs.
TL;DR: Two specimens of this fluke were collected from the nictitating membrane of the Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis Hudson, shot near the lake Chinhut, about 5 miles from Lucknow, U.P.
Abstract: Two specimens of this fluke were collected from the nictitating membrane of the Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis Hudson, shot near the lake Chinhut, about 5 miles from Lucknow, U.P. The body.(Fig. 1) is aspinose, flattened and clavate with a narrow anterior and a broadly rounded posterior end. It measures 4·5–5·9 mm. in length and 1·5–1·8 mm. in maximum width in the middle region. The oral sucker is terminal measuring 0·33–0·36 mm. X 0·47–0·49 mm. The ventral sucker is larger than the oral sucker, situated at the level of the division of. the anterior and middle-thirds of the body, and about 1·14 mm. from the anterior extremity. It measures 0·56–0·61 mm. X 0·52–0·54 mm.
TL;DR: A number of filariid worms obtained from the connective tissues of the muscles of two Malayan amphibians were found to be a new species of Icosiella for which the name IcosIElla innominata sp.
Abstract: A number of filariid worms were obtained from the connective tissues of the muscles of two Malayan amphibians. These include 22 males and 40 females from Bufo asper Boulenger from Taiping, Perak; 2 males and 2 females from Bufo asper, from Gunong Pulai, Johore; and 1 male and 4 females from Rana cancrivora, Gravenhorst from Thomson Road, Singapore. On examination these were found to be a new species of Icosiella for which the name Icosiella innominata sp. nov. is now proposed. A tentative key has also been drawn up for the species of the genus.
TL;DR: Seven species of pharyngeal, longifurcate, distome furcocercariae are recorded from London (U.K.) and two new species are described in detail.
Abstract: Seven species of pharyngeal, longifurcate, distome furcocercariae are recorded from London (U.K.). C. letifera Fuhr. is recorded for the first time from Britain. Two new species are described in detail.
TL;DR: One male specimen was collected from the liver of a short tailed wallaby, Macropus brachyurus , which died in the Zoological Gardens, London on 26th September 1960, and is a slender worm that bears four pairs of submedian papillae and a pair of amphids.
Abstract: One male specimen was collected from the liver of a short tailed wallaby, Macropus brachyurus , which died in the Zoological Gardens, London on 26th September 1960. It is a slender worm 82 mm. in length and 0·41 mm. in maximum width. The anterior extremity is rounded. There is a small buccal cavity and at the base of this there is a prominent cuticularised ring. The cephalic end bears four pairs of submedian papillae and a pair of amphids. The en face view was not studied because of the lack of specimens. The cuticle is transversely striated all over the body and there are bosses like small slightly curved markings on it.
TL;DR: This new species is described from material said to have been recovered from the intestine of Rhinoceros bicornis in Kenya and sent to the writer through the courtesy of Mr. C. Round of Veterinary Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Services, Kabete, Kenya.
Abstract: This new species is described from material consisting of four males and six females said to have been recovered from the intestine of Rhinoceros bicornis in Kenya and sent to the writer through the courtesy of Mr. M. C. Round, B.Sc, of Veterinary Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Services, Kabete, Kenya.
TL;DR: A single female specimen of Dirofilaria subgenus Nochtiella was recovered from a painless firm lump above the right eyebrow in the frontalis muscle of a European who had recently visited Nigeria.
Abstract: A single female specimen of Dirofilaria subgenus Nochtiella was recovered from a painless firm lump above the right eyebrow in the frontalis muscle of a European who had recently visited Nigeria.
TL;DR: A solitary male and two females were collected from the Indian Sand-Martin, Riparia paludicola brevicaudata, and the blood red females were embedded in cysts formed in the walls of the proventriculus.
Abstract: A solitary male and two females were collected from the Indian Sand-Martin, Riparia paludicola brevicaudata . The male worm was present in the lumen, and the blood red females were embedded in cysts formed in the walls of the proventriculus.
TL;DR: Strongylus (Dicerocola) tremletti sp.nov.
Abstract: Strongylus (Dicerocola) tremletti sp.nov. is described from the black rhinoceros, Diceros bicornis L. from Kenya. The affinities of S. (D.) tremletti sp.nov. with the other species of the genus Strongylus Muller, 1780 are discussed and the subgenus Dicerocola subgen.nov. is erected to contain it. The species of Strongylus in Kenya are noted and original drawings of S. (D.) asini Boulenger, 1920 are included.
TL;DR: The relationship of Liga brevis to other species of the genus Liga Weinland, 1857, settstt Ransom, 1909, is discussed and new information on the relationship of the genital ducts to the longitudinal excretory vessels in Liga facile is given.
Abstract: Liga brevis (von Linstow, 1884) Dubinina, 1953, is recorded for the first time in the British Isles.Detailed descriptions are given of the external features, integument and musculature, excretory system, nervous system and reproductive system of Liga brevis.The relationship of Liga brevis to other species of the genus Liga Weinland, 1857, settstt Ransom, 1909, is discussed and new information on the relationship of the genital ducts to the longitudinal excretory vessels in Liga facile (Meggitt, 1927) Szpotaniska, 1931, is given. The systematic position of Liga brevicollis (Fuhrmann, 1907) Sandeman, 1959, is discussed. The value of some of the morphological characters used to differentiate the species of Liga is discussed.A table showing the more important morphological and ecological features of thirteen species ascribed to Liga Weinland, 1857, sensu Ransom, 1909, is given.
TL;DR: Several specimens of this species were collected by one of us (MBB) from the intestine of a Mistle Thrush, Turdus viscivorus viscivorous (L) examined at Silwood Park, the field station of the Imperial College of Science and Technology as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Several specimens of this species were collected by one of us (MBB) from the intestine of a Mistle Thrush, Turdus viscivorus viscivorus (L) examined at Silwood Park, the field station of the Imperial College of Science and Technology Detailed examination of this material has only recently been made, and it appears to represent a new species for which the name Anomotaenia caenodex is proposed