Showing papers in "Journal of Human Evolution in 1988"

TL;DR: Primate species with multi-male breeding systems produced ejaculates with relatively higher sperm motility and with relatively more motile sperm than did primates with single-male systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, the ESR method was used to date enamel of large mammals from the hominid-bearing layers, assuming a constant rate of uptake of U through time by the teeth, they obtained an age of 115 ± 15 kyr.

TL;DR: It is speculated that later enlargement of the hindlimb joints and elongation of the lower extremity represent a major adaptive shift linked to the advent of longer distance travel in human evolution.

TL;DR: Hindlimb articular surface dimensions with body mass is investigated in Pan, Gorilla, Pongo, Macaca fascicularis, and, for the femoral head, two population samples of recent Homo sapiens sapiens, and positive allometry of the medial femoral condyle is shown to be related to degree of varus of the knee.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the high bite force of the robust australopithecines was a necessary consequence of the enlargement of molar crown surface, and some of the characteristics of early hominid skull shape can be interpreted as adaptations to augment bite force with increasing tooth size.

TL;DR: Analysis of the tarsus indicates that the ancestral euprimate differed from its plesiadapiform progenitor in features related to its increased ability to leap and climb using a grasp based on an opposable hallux.

TL;DR: It is suggested that Oreopithecus, ramapithecines, and Proconsul are hominoids, and that in cebids the humeroulnar joint is translatory, but that it is non-translatory in all the extant and fossil catarrhines considered.

TL;DR: The “prehallux” hypothesis for the explanation of the sesamoid in the entocuneiform-hallucial articulation of anthropoids cannot be corroborated by either topographical, developmental, or functional evidence.

TL;DR: The presence of gross preferentially distributed striations on the buccal surfaces of permanent anterior teeth of Neandertal individuals from La Quina, Hortus and Angles-sur-l'Anglin (France), Saint Brais (Switzerland) and Shanidar (Iraq) has led some authors to hypothesize that Neandergals used stone tools to cut something held between the anterior teeth, inadvertently scratching the enamel at the same time.

TL;DR: Craniofacial traits of two crania from Koobi Fora, Kenya, are compared to determine the probability that they are from the same species, Homo habilis, and it is argued that at least one new species is required to account for the morphological and metrical variation of Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene Homo fossils in eastern Africa.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the least squares and major axis regression equations to estimate the size of early hominid femora and tibiae from a small sample of modern South African black tribal populations.

TL;DR: A consistent pattern emerges indicating a grasping, arboreal quadruped, emphasizing walking and running on horizontal supports with only limited leaping or suspensory activities, and it is suggested that this pattern, with only minor changes, also characterized the earliest euprimates.

TL;DR: Cercopithecines are characterized by three features related to foot stabilization during dorsiflexion and eversion and to reduced axial rotation of the hallux which suggest a continued commitment to terrestrial life after the ancestral colobine re-invaded the rain-forest habitat.

TL;DR: A morphological and comparative study of 68 human fossil teeth from the "Sima de los Huesos" (Sierra de Atapuerca, Ibeas de Juarros, Burgos, Spain) is presented in this paper.

TL;DR: It seems most likely that the ancestral indriid was an “arboreal quadruped” (i.e. lemur-like), not a vertical clinger and leaper.

TL;DR: In this article, the U-series ages for vertebrate remains associated with the Ngandong hominids were given for the first time. And a small discussion of stone tools from the same deposits is included.

TL;DR: It appears that specialized forms of leaping, as well as specialized slow, quadrupedal climbing, evolved repeatedly within the Malagasy strepsirrhines from a generalized quadrupedAL ancestor that would have included a certain amount of leaping and bounding in its positional repertory, but also slow climbing and occasional hindlimb suspension.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the habitats of three chimpanzee groups: K Group at Kasoje, B Group at Bilenge, and the main study group at Gombe and found that the three areas are similar in topography, in temperature, and in seasonality.

TL;DR: A new species of Sivapithecus, S. parvada, is described on the basis of a large sample of dental-gnathic and postcranial remains from a single locality in the Siwalik sequence of the Potwar Plateau, Pakistan, with its most striking feature is its very large size.

TL;DR: The Sibley-Ahlquist study does not provide documentation or controls adequate to establish a secure linkage between Pan and Homo to the exclusion of Gorilla, and is concluded that humans and chimpanzees are more closely related than chimpanzees and gorillas.

TL;DR: Wagner parsimony analyses of variously transformed co-ordinates for mandibular and maxillary second molars adjusted for intergroup size differences show evidence for the unreliability of odontometrics as phylogenetic indicators at low taxonomic levels.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that the genus Lepilemur is probably more closely related to the family Indriidae than it is to any extant lemurid taxon, and suggests the elevation of the fulvus group to the rank of genus, and the name Petterus is proposed for it.

TL;DR: The Manchar Dionysopithecus is among the earliest known catarrhines from the Manchar Formation in Sind, southern Pakistan as discussed by the authors, and its age is estimated to be close to the early/middle Miocene boundary.

TL;DR: These studies support the separation of the pygmy chimpanzee as a distinct species of Pan, and the morphometric differentiation among the subspecies of Pan is markedly less than that observed in the other great apes.

TL;DR: Late Miocene catarrhine postcrania from Rudabanya (northeastern Hungary) and among the 33 specimens tentatively identified as primates, 17 definitely are primate, but 16 are either not primate or too fragmentary to identify.

TL;DR: The parieto-occipital morphology of a partial hominid cranium from the Pliocene Tulu Bor Member of the Koobi Fora Formation, Kenya, identifies this specimen as Australopithecus afarensis, and fills an important geographic gap between the Ethiopian and Tanzanian distributions of this species.