Showing papers in "Journal of Pharmacological Methods in 1985"

TL;DR: This paper describes a collection of four programs (KINETIC, EBDA, LIGAND, and LOWRY) that can be used to analyze most forms of radioligand binding experiments and has been adapted for use on an IBM PC, which is a popular, inexpensive microcomputer and which is well suited to the analysis of radio-binding data.

TL;DR: Measuring the MPO content in preparations of canine neutrophils, which is directly correlated with cell number, allows units of MPO activity to be converted into a tissue neutrophil content that can be used to study the relationship between leukocyte infiltration and myocardial injury.

TL;DR: A method is described for reproducible measurement of ultrasonic vocalization induced by tail-holding stress in rat pups that reduces the anxiolytic benzodiazepines, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, and CL 218872 at doses inducing little CNS depressant activity.

TL;DR: Functional changes following transient carotid artery occlusion are readily demonstrated by the occurrence of altered spontaneous locomotor activity at various times postischemia.

TL;DR: The quantitative morphometric method was sufficiently sensitive to demonstrate a dose-response effect of ethanol and aspirin and provides a sensitive method to quantitate either a few small, or numerous large, regularly or irregularly shaped hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic gastric mucosal lesions.

TL;DR: A gas-liquid chromatographic procedure utilizing headspace gas analysis is described for the determination of ethanol and its metabolite, acetaldehyde, in a 100-microliters sample of blood from the rat, guinea pig, sheep, or human.

TL;DR: Since anticonvulsant effect is measured in individual, as opposed to groups, of animals, the PTZ infusion procedure may offer distinct advantages in the study of the pharmacodynamics of anticonVulsant compounds.

TL;DR: The heat-evoked skin-twitch reflex is a more sensitive assay of narcotic analgesia in the horse than is the hoof-withdrawal reflex, and the apparatus necessary to elicit both reflexes in the Horse is described.

TL;DR: A fluorimetric assay for monamine oxidase that uses kynuramine as the substrate is described, which has been confirmed by the study of the subcellular distribution, the effects of inhibitors, and the kinetics of enzyme activity.

TL;DR: Some of the theories that describe efficacy on a molecular level, the methods of measuring relative efficacy, and the factors in these procedures which can lead to artifacts and misleading information for the classification of drug receptors are reviewed.

TL;DR: It is suggested that atraumatic techniques such as the present superfusion method should be employed in studies of physiological and pharmacological control of permeability to macromolecules in the tracheobronchial microvasculature.

TL;DR: The technique by which human bronchiolar strips are prepared is described in detail and the reproducibility of contractile responses to KCl and methacholine was examined in lung tissue from six patients.

TL;DR: A variety of analgesic drugs were tested for their ability to alter the response to noxious stimuli of differing severity in an attempt to develop a procedure to evaluate differences in efficacy of different analgesics.

TL;DR: A computer program for nonlinear regression analysis is described, applicable to a wide range of pharmacological procedures requiring curve fitting, and the analysis of protein-binding data is given as an example.

TL;DR: The use of graded data from hot-plate antinociceptive tests is complicated by the problem of how to treat responses that are greater than the cut-off time, so a statistical procedure is described that circumvents this problem.

TL;DR: A novel method, which utilized spontaneous, volume-induced contractions of the urinary bladder in the anesthetized rat, was developed to assess the central activity of substances with opioid properties and it was discovered that intracerebroventricular injections made directly into the lateral ventricle or intrathecal injections inhibited bladder contractions in a dose-dependent manner.

TL;DR: Methods for producing experimental complete atrioventricular (A-V) block in dogs are reviewed, with emphasis on those methods that enable chronic A-V block to be obtained.

TL;DR: There are many computer programs currently available that can adequately analyze complex concentration-response data by use of weighted nonlinear curve-fitting techniques and these programs are reported on and how they might be used to analyze results obtained from experiments where multiple receptor activation occurs.

TL;DR: It is suggested that pentobarbitone is the most appropriate for intestinal secretion experiments because it allows the greatest rates of secretion, but halothane prevents secretion when the fluid secretory mechanism of the mucosa is stimulated with PGE1 or VIP.

TL;DR: The effects of a single intravenous administration of dihydralazine are presented in order to show the usefulness of the technique, which was developed involving chronic catheterization of the rat abdominal aorta and the use of a computer system to perform the digitizing of the blood pressure signal and the on-line calculation of five cardiovascular parameters.

TL;DR: The in vitro perfusion technique of surviving intestinal segments as described by Fisher and Parsons (1949) and modified by Rummel and Stupp (1960) was further improved by the introduction of an all-glass perfusator for studying the intestinal transport and metabolism of lipophilic xenobiotics.

TL;DR: The present study demonstrates that phasic aortic blood flow can be quantified easily and accurately in anesthetized rats by using a range-gated Doppler flowmeter and an implantable perivascular flow probe, and should provide a relatively simply method for investigating hemodynamic characteristics in models of disease such as ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension.

TL;DR: Intraperitoneal injection of 5-hydroxytryptophan and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine is shown to provoke characteristic behaviors in mice that can be quantified, and head twitches and tremors are described.

TL;DR: Data show that repeated blood withdrawals are possible as long as the volume of blood is replaced and several isotopes can be injected in the same rat to allow measurement of regional blood flow under different experimental conditions.

TL;DR: An isocratic, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for adenine nucleotides was developed and validated for rat liver and the recovery of nucleotide was greater than 90%.

TL;DR: A modified technique of acetylcholine assay on the guinea pig ileum has been combined with either minivolume gel filtration or high-performance liquid chromatography separation of the samples, resulting in a substantial improvement in chemical specificity over the previous bioassay method described by Paton and Vizi (1969).

TL;DR: By analyzing tremor response to central serotonergic system activation, the reproductibility as well as the advantages and limitations of this recording system were demonstrated.

TL;DR: This communication provides an improved sample preparation method for blood morphine concentration determination prior to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis with electrochemical detection that allows the large number of samples generated by pharmacokinetic studies in acute and chronic pain to be conveniently analyzed in one day.

TL;DR: The perfused in situ rat jejunum preparation was adapted for use in absorption and metabolism studies with drugs, and the application of the method was illustrated by experiments with the opiate analgesic, buprenorphine.

TL;DR: The proposed method is based on the formation of a blue penicillin-Azure-C ion-pair that can be extracted into chloroform in phosphate-citric acid buffer and maximum absorbance was obtained almost instantaneously and was stable for several days.