Showing papers in "Journal of Scientific Research in 2021"

Comparative Assessment of Extractive Summarization: TextRank, TF-IDF and LDA

Abstract: 304 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650140 Abstract: Automatically generating a shorter version of text documents referred to as text summarization. It is an effective method of finding important details from the documents. There is a massive increment in the data worldwide because of rapid growth rate of the internet. It becomes difficult to manually summarize large documents by human beings. Automatic Text Summarization is an approach of NLP which reduces the time and efforts of the human being to produce a summary. There are various approaches to summarize the data. This paper provides a comparative study over the three approaches namely TF-IDF, TextRank, and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). The comparison is made by using three different types of datasets like reviews of documents, news articles, legal text, etc. The result shows the best-suited approach for the complexity oriented text inputs. Also, the results are evaluated using ROUGE measures.

A Survey on Hybrid Beamforming in MmWave Massive MIMO System

Abstract: 201 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650126 Abstract: The escalating demand for wireless data traffic has prompted the need to explore the area of spectrum suitable for meeting the expected requirement. Sub 6 GHz is highly occupied so the researchers are moving towards mm-wave where a spectrum range from 30-300 GHz is available. Channel modeling and hybrid beam-forming has become integral part to realize a system in mmwave frequency band. In this paper we trace the advances in hybrid beam-forming for mm-wave Massive MIMO communication in the context of hybrid beam-forming architectures, and pre-coding techniques in different channel environment. We have also compared the spectral efficiency of different pre-coding techniques employing different antenna array size at the Base Station.

Evaluation of Corrosion Properties of Al2O3 and SiC Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites Using Taguchi’s Techniques

Abstract: 253 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650132 Abstract: We report the fabrication of alumina (Al2O3) and silicon carbide (SiC) particulates reinforced Al metal matrix composites (Al MMCs) by stir casting method. The effect of reinforcement and heat treatment on the corrosion properties of Al matrix and r-Al MMCs were investigated by polarization, impedance and weight loss methods. Taguchi’s experimental design method was employed to set the process parameters. In order to find the optimal process parameter levels, orthogonal arrays of Taguchi, the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression analyses were employed. The analysis on the effect of these parameters on the corrosion rates has also been discussed. The results revealed that the rate of corrosion decrease with increase in the content of Al2O3 and SiC particulates in the rAl MMCs. A significant enhancement in the corrosion resistance was observed with heat treated of Al alloy and its composites. The morphological analysis by SEM micrographs revealed the lesser formation of cavities due to corrosion upon the increase in Al2O3 content which would be beneficial for corrosive application.

Advances in Solar Cell Technology: An Overview

Abstract: 72 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650214 Abstract: Progress in the field of solar cell technology starting with first generation and second generation solar cells is discussed here by considering different materials on which these technologies are based. The efficiencies attained with different new age solar cell technologies, limitations in their commercial application have been summarized. This paper is an overview of the advances in solar cell technology and comparison of the performance of different types of solar cells.

Immobilization of Phytase from Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata Thunb.) on Glutaraldehyde Activated Chitosan Microspheres

Abstract: 111 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650115 Abstract: The immobilization of phytase from rice bean was optimized on the glutaraldehyde-activated chitosan microsphere, and characterized. The optimum percent immobilization was 77.48%, when microspheres were prepared with 1.5% chitosan, activated with glutaraldehyde (0.5%, for 4 h) and with the enzyme protein (0.2 mg/mL, and coupling time 4 h). The immobilized phytase exhibited elongated fibres and pores. FTIR results suggest the formation of a Schiff base with a band at 1638 cm-1. The pH and temperature optimum of immobilized phytase was 4.0 and 40 °C, respectively. The energy of activation was 34.5 kJ/mol. The Km and Vmax values of immobilized phytase were 0.62 mM and 3.42 μmol/min. The immobilized enzyme when incubated at 50 °C, retained 59% activity after 75 min. The immobilized phytase showed 80% activity retention, after 14 days, when stored at 4 °C. The immobilized phytase could be reused for 4 cycles with 58% activity retention. The immobilized phytase, when incubated for 60 min in the presence trypsin and pepsin, showed 92.9 and 95% activity retention, respectively. The properties of immobilized phytase did not alter with respect to pH, and temperature optima. Immobilized phytase exhibited proteolytic resistance when incubated with pepsin for 1 h, and this can find application in animal feed.

Study of Carbon Nanotubes with a Casson Fluid in a Vertical Channel of Porous Media under MHD and Dufour Effect

Abstract: An analysis is conducted to investigate the problem of heat/mass transfer in MHD free convective flow of Casson-fluid in a vertical channel embedded with saturated porous medium past through carbon nanotubes in the form of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiple-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with engine oil as base fluid. In this article, the impact of CNT’s on velocity, temperature, shear stress and rate of heat transfer of the nanofluid has been investigated and studied graphically for the effects of different key physical parameters involved. The validity of this flow model is presented and is found satisfactory agreement with published results. The results state that, fluid velocity accelerates for greater values of Casson parameter and nanoparticles volume fraction, while thermal radiation (R) and heat generation (Q) assume a significant role in CNT's. Applications of this study arise in broad area of science and engineering such as thermal conductivity, energy storage, biomedical applications, air and water filtration, fibers and fabrics.

Study of Smart Management System in Poultry Farming

Abstract: 153 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650626 Abstract: Poultry farming is an important agricultural based business industry. Poultry farming is becoming increasingly organized, specialized and shaping in to an industry of national economic importance. In the current scenario productivity of the poultry farming has shown gradually increase in trends because of smart management practices among the poultry farming. Smart management practices by using various technological based methods for the automation in the farming play an important role in poultry production. The present study focuses on the smart management system in poultry farming through the recent techniques. The study was conducted to compare management practices in three different poultry farms. The work is carried out from the three different poultry farms situated in Aurangabad district according to the management practices that is manual management system, semi-automation management system and smart management system. During the study period it was revealed and analyze that the smart management system of poultry farming provides automated poultry production, reduced human efforts and increase the healthy poultry production followed by semiautomation management system and manual management system. It is concluded that the better health performance of poultry birds found in the smart management system of poultry farming as compare to the semi-automation management system and manual management system in the study area. This paper is highlighted the recent technology through personal computer or smart phone device using internet facilities for the monitoring of poultry farming. Other related aspects will discuss in the text.

Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and its Characterization

Abstract: 80 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650111 Abstract: The green nanotechnology is generating interest in researchers for the synthesis of nanoparticle in a simple, cost effective, less toxic and ecofriendly manner. The present study reports the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticle using the leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum. The color change in the Ocimum leaf extract when copper sulphate solution is added indicates the presence of copper nanoparticle. The effect of temperature and time of incubation on the biosynthesis of Cu NP were noted. The characterization of the biosynthesized copper nanoparticle was done by UV Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD).

A Volumetric and Acoustical Study to Explore Interactions between Saline Salts and Fertilizer in view to Control the Salinity of Soil

Abstract: 72 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650610 Abstract: The salinity of soil has great effects on nutrients availability to plants or crops and on the ability of plant roots to absorb nutrients. Because of low productivity problems in the salt affected soils, fertilizers are applied to counteract the conditions which limit the plant absorption of nutrients. Thus the present work is aimed to understand the structural/molecular changes of solute (fertilizer) in solutions (saline salts) which results various solute-solvent, solvent-solvent and ion-solvent interactions in order find any way to control the salinity problem. These interactions depend on the nature of solvent, size and structure of ion. For this purpose Ammonium Sulfate (AS) is being used which contain the 10.6% of nitrogen. The numerous volumetric and acoustical properties depend upon the temperature, concentration and composition were calculated on the basis of measured experimental data of density and sound velocity of Ammonium Sulfate (AS) molecules and different saline salts. The effect of different volumetric and acoustical parameters with change in concentration and temperature were studied and the results were explored in terms of solute-solvent, solvent-solvent interactions and structure making or breaking effects are of great importance in understanding the extent and nature of solutions.

Rice Crop Residue burning and alternative measures by India: A Review

Abstract: 132 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650227 Abstract: This review paper aims to underline the impact of burning rice straw on environment and numerous surrogate measures taken by the Indian government to overcome the problem of air pollution. India is the second-largest producer of rice in the world. Around, 23 million ton which makes 62.4% of the total rice straw generated, is set ablaze in the fields of north-western states of India annually. Straw burning releases harmful chemicals that causes decline in air quality and soil infertility. It causes not only health hazards but also contributes massively to reach higher altitudes of global warming. Moreover, the alternatives to crop burning are less effective and costly. Several measures have been taken by Government of India to diminish this hazardous procedure by introducing biogas plants, composting, and production of bio-char. India recently developed Pusa decomposer, a cost-effective, farmer-friendly compost made up of a mixture of microorganisms to convert rice straw into manure. This recently developed technique by Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) can prove to be successful in plummeting the greenhouse effect and other harmful gas emissions in Delhi and other states.

Critical Review on Effect of 5G Technology on Covid-19 and Human Health Issues

Abstract: This analytic research paper discusses the effects of emerging futuristic 5th Generation (5G) cellular technology over human health The technology is growing with three major advantages of high speed, lower latency and to connect more devices at the same time In the recent pandemic event of Covid-19, many believe that for the achievement of high speed in 5G, it will be required to have high power and this high power will decrease the immune system in short term But actually, the reality doesn’t support the above condition This paper defines how the speed will increase with the help of low bit error rate and also through different useful techniques thereby not just by increasing the power In addition of high-frequency 5G radiation to an already complex mix of lower frequencies, the implementation will contribute to a negative public health outcome both from physical and mental health perspectives to a certain extent [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Scientific Research is the property of Rajshahi University, Faculty of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )

“From Sheep to Chic” For Wellbeing & Livelihood of Life & Environment

Abstract: 175 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650429 Abstract: The paper exposes an unrevealed Textile from the rural parts of India“Ghongadi”a handspun, hand woven pure woolen blanket. Ghongadi is one of the most vital part of dressing as well as source of income of the nomadic community of Shepherds. Beside its natural aspects of being eco-friendly & sustainable from process to product, the additive values involve minimal usage of water, no use of energy, medicinal properties & mythological mentions; that makes this woolen blanket truly “Holistic”. Despite of being holistic in nature, Ghongadi has still remained undiscovered from Fashion scenario because of its typical stance of being just a blanket. The research aims at discovering the craft of “Ghongadi” & its scope in fashion context by proposing its ecofriendly, sustainable & holistic facet which has never been considered earlier & provide an opportunity to bring its worth to the conscious fashion world. To overcome the typical stance of “Ghongadi” by keeping its traditional as well as cultural significance intact; was a challenge in the product development specifically for the Fashion market. The exploration needed a strong base & apt methodology for understanding how the current market accept the changes done to the existing craft. Due to the extremely limited resources & data unavailability on the Craft; the methodology comprises extensive Interaction, Communication, Observation & Field work with the Artisans through a comprehensive Exploratory Research. The Data Collection through the market analysis in terms of Consumer scan & Fashion scan using a survey was essential in order to find the scope for “Ghongadi” if launched as a Fashion Product. This was conducted with a stratified sample consisting a mix of Fashion & Craft conscious people from Education, Design, Craft & Industry. The research is an initiative to highlight the craft into fashion context that answers the current needs & demands of global fashion agenda from eco & sustainable prospect. This also focuses “Economical, ethical, sustainable, holistic wellbeing & livelihood of Life & Environment” by promoting the

Glucopyranoside Dipentanoyl Esters: Synthesis, PASS Predication, Antimicrobial and In Silico ADMET Studies

Abstract: Dimolar pentanoylation of methyl α-D-glucopyranoside using direct method furnished the 2,6-di-O-pentanoate indicating regioselectivity at C-6 and C-2 positions. To develop glucopyranoside based potential antimicrobial agents, 2,6-di-O-pentanoate was further converted into eight newer 3,4-di-O-acyl esters reasonably in good yields. Both prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) and in vitro antimicrobial activity test established them as better antifungals than antibacterials. PASS predication also indicated that these sugar esters (SEs) are more potent as anticarcinogenic agents than as antioxidant agents. Structure activity relationship along with in silico ADMET studies clearly indicated that combination of pentanoyl (C5) and lauroyl (C12) in the glucopyranoside framework could be a potential antifungal agent especially against Macrophomina phaseolina.

Evaluation of Active Tectonics and Geomorphic Indices in Siwalik Basin Around Dikrong River, Eastern Himalaya

Abstract: 11 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650303 Abstract: The Eastern Himalaya region is a comple * x combination of two events: (a) collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates and (b) erosional and depositional processes occurring in the area. The study area is a part of Sub-Himalaya, which comprises the Siwalik Group of rocks. The present study includes the Dikrong River, which has a vast valley of about 4-5 km, and there is an offset in the mountain front on both sides of the river. The presence of horizontal and tilted terraces and uplifted rock formations provide an excellent set up to study the degree of tectonic activity. Geomorphic indices used to fulfil the objective are stream-length gradient, Mountain front sinuosity, valley floor width to valley height ratio, asymmetry factor. In this paper, we have discussed the results of the geomorphic indices and also the evidence of active tectonic activity. Also, we have discussed the cause of negative indication of few geomorphic indexes, which indicates the area to be less active. It is known from the tectonic evidence that the region is tectonically very active. A new set of data range of tectonic activity classes with particular reference to the Eastern Himalayas is required to eliminate the error in the results.

An Application of Spatial Frailty Models to Recovery Times of COVID-19 Patients in India under Bayesian Approach

Abstract: 150 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650318 Abstract: The pandemic COVID-19, starts at the end of the year 2019, and rapidly blowout almost all over the sphere. There were more than 16.4 million people in the world pretentious by the disease up to the month of July 2020 and the miserable part was that we lost more than 0.6 million people in it. Still, an encouraging note for us was that most of the patients, more than 9.57 million people have recuperated from it. In the month of July 2020 India became the country with the third biggest amount of confirmed cases in the universe. In case of the recapture of COVID-19 patients, Spatial factor may play a significant role. To be mindful of this, the research was done to study the recovery time of the COVID-19 patients of India in respect of their spatial locations by means of spatial frailty model under Bayesian mechanism. The study time of the research was from 1st March, 2020 to 25th April, 2020. Arbitrarily selected a sample of 294 COVID-19 positive cases reported during the study period, in seven exceedingly pretentious states of India up to the month of March, 2020, were included in the study which were followed up to 25th April, 2020. Surprisingly the analysis showed that spatial effect actually plays an important role in the recovery time of the COVID-19 patients and it establishes the prominence of the application of frailty model in this circumstance. Besides this, the study also reveals the significant effect of the factors age and gender on their respective recovery times

Thermo-Diffusive Flow of Chemically Reacting Fluid in a Saturated Porous Medium for Radiative Heat Flux

Abstract: A theoretical investigation has been made for a radiating and chemically reacting viscousfluid of a conducting gas over a vertical porous surface immerse in a saturated porous medium for the impact of magnetic drag-force, buoyancy forces and thermal-diffusion (Soret) order under oscillatory suction and heat absorption. The analytical solutions have been derived for the physical variables related to the governing equations under the appropriate boundary conditions. It is found that the velocity profiles increase with the increasing values of Soret number ( ) and higher Soret number ( ) shows the large temperature difference. It is noticed that increasing radiation parameter ( ) elevated the velocity profiles near the plate. In the effects of Soret number ( ) the velocity profiles are an increasing function for both the cases of and . The validity and accuracy of the flow model is presented and found suitable to proceed the work. In this study, the findings would be useful in many practical areas such as diffusion operations, which involved molecular diffusion of species with molar concentration.

Export Trend of Ready Made Garments (RMG) Sector of Bangladesh

Abstract: Ready-Made Garments (RMG) sector has greater importance than any other sector in Bangladesh in terms of growth, employment, foreign exchange earnings and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The objective of this study is to determine the export trend of the RMG sector in Bangladesh by using different trend models. To serve the objectives of the study, time-series data of RMG sectors has been used for the period 1985-2018. Among several trend models, the Semi-log Parabolic Trend model is found to be the best-fitted model for determining the trend of RMG exports. From the empirical results of the study, it is observed that RMG exports have a significant upward trend for the period 1985-2018 with a growth rate of 8.76 % in 2018. The forecasted RMG export will be nearly 31712.82 million USD in the financial year 2022-23. The findings of the study will help the government, NGO’s and policymakers to undertake necessary steps for the progress of this sector.

Precambrian Evolution and the Deformation Style in the Great Boundary Fault Zone around Chittorgarh, Rajasthan

Abstract: 10 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650102 Abstract: The Precambrian crust of the Aravalli Mountain range mainly comprises several Proterozoic fold belts underlain and determined by rocks of Archaean age like schistgneissgranitic rocks. The remobilization which takes place partly during the Proterozoic orogenesis includes a heterogenous assemblage of biotite gneiss, amphibolite, aluminous paragneiss, quartzite and marble formed during the period 3.5-2.5 Ga. The Banded Gneissic Complex (BGC) having more extensive occurrences in the region is regarded as the oldest supracrustals succession representing some of the primitive sediments composed of unweathered igneous debris overlying the Bundelkhand gneiss. The Aravalli rocks have been subjected to two phases of folding. The Vindhyan rocks occur south of the Aravallis with a faulted contact i.e., Great Boundary Fault, and also with unconformable contact at places. Several evidences have conferred that the fault originated as a thrust and brittle ductile deformation such as en-echelon quartz veins were observed.

On the Sandor-Smarandache Function

Abstract: In the current literature, a new Smarandache-type arithmetic function, involving binomial coefficients, has been proposed by Sandor. The new function, denoted by SS(n), is named the Sandor-Smarandache function. It has been found that, like many Smarandache-type functions, SS(n) is not multiplicative. Sandor found SS(n) when n ( 3) is an odd integer. Since then, the determination of SS(n) for even n remains a challenging problem. It has been shown that the function has a simple form even when n is even and not divisible by 3. This paper finds SS(n) in some particular cases of n, and finds an upper bound of SS(n) for some special forms of n. Some equations involving the Sandor-Smarandache function and pseudoSmarandache function have been studied. A list of values of SS(n) for n = 1(1)480, calculated on a computer, is appended at the end of the paper.

Clinical Incidence of Diseases in Cattle and Goat at Different Area of Bera Upzilla in Pabna District of Bangladesh

Abstract: Ruminant, especially cattle and goats constitute the major portion of the livestock which are usually suffered from a wide range of diseases. Hence, this study was designed to determine clinical cases of cattle and goat in relation to different parameter. A total of 106 sick ruminants (cattle = 56, goat = 50) in different area of Bera upzilla, Pabna were investigated during March to September, 2016. The parasitic infestation (32.1%) in cattle and viral diseases (36%) in goat were higher. In relation to sex, the disease frequencies were higher in female goat of 56.0% and reproductive diseases in female cattle of 66.7%. Among the clinical case, 70% was in black bangle goat. On the other side, the vaccination and grazing system had strong significant (p<0.01) association with disease frequencies having the chisquare value of 36.036 and 35.617, p<0.01, with Phi (φ) coefficient of 0.583 and -0.580 respectively. Besides this, the male owner of clinically sick animal was higher of 71.40% for cattle and 52% for goat with chi-square value, (N=106) = 4.244, p<0.05, φ coefficient of 0.20 indicating a significantly moderate association. However, these two ruminants (cattle and goat) are mostly vulnerable to parasitic infestation and viral diseases.

Realization of Inverse Active Filters Using Single Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier

Abstract: The authors introduce a new single current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) based inverse filter configuration. By appropriate selection of admittances, different inverse filter circuits like inverse high-pass (IHP) circuit, inverse low-pass (ILP) circuit, inverse band-reject (IBR) circuit and inverse band-pass (IBP) circuit can be realized from the same configuration. The capacitors used here are grounded/virtually grounded for all the realizations. The performances of the proposed filters have been judged by using CMOS structure of CDBA with TSMC 0.35 µm technology as well as by using the available IC of current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) i.e. AD844 based CDBA. The simulation results agreed well with the theoretical results. Monte-Carlo simulation has also been performed to check the robustness of the proposed configuration.

Seasonal Fluctuation of Rice Brown Planthopper (Homoptera: Delphacidae), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) - A Major Paddy Pest in Central India

Abstract: 147 DOI: 10.37398/JSR.2021.650625 Abstract: Among the 5 species of sap feeders belonging to order Homoptera identified in the present investigation in both rabi and kharif seasons, Nilaparvata lugens was infesting rice crop very commonly and thus representing major pest status in Bhandara district (a rice bowl of state) of Maharashtra (central India). The overall population growth rate and peak density of N. lugens during rabi season was much lower as compared to the kharif season. The peak population of N. lugens was observed during the late kharif seasons from October to November. Another peak appeared during the rabi season from April to May. The infestation of N. lugens appeared in appreciable number at the grain filling stage of crop. The correlation analysis study showed that in rabi season, N. lugens exhibited highly positive correlation with relative humidity and significant negative correlation with maximum temperature whereas it showed highly significant negative correlation with relative humidity and minimum temperature during kharif season. The linear regression equations derived from the data may help in predicting the occurrence of these major pests in rice ecosystem of this region.