Showing papers in "Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing in 2022"
TL;DR: In this article , a questionnaire survey (N = 974) was provided to wellness tourists in Shizhu county, China, with findings revealing the motivations of wellness tourists positively influence goal relevance and goal congruence.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Integrating Cognitive Appraisal Theory with the transmission model of inspiration, this paper investigates the tourist inspiration-eliciting process in the context of wellness tourism. A questionnaire survey (N = 974) was provided to wellness tourists in Shizhu county, China, with findings revealing the motivations of wellness tourists positively influence goal relevance and goal congruence. Goal congruence led to the elicitation of inspiration, which could be separated into two stages of inspired-by and inspired-to. Tourist inspiration was found to diminish as frequency of visitation increased. This research provides conceptual clarity surrounding the intricate connection between motivations and tourist inspiration.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article , an attention-interest-desire-action (AIDA) model was employed to explain viewers' immediate purchase decision-making processes and continuous watching intentions within tourism live streaming and found that informativity, entertainment, and interactivity each positively influenced immersion; immersion positively influenced viewers' interest in tourism products and live streaming.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study employed an attention-interest-desire-action (AIDA) model to explain viewers’ immediate purchase decision-making processes and continuous watching intentions within tourism live streaming. Results revealed that informativity, entertainment, and interactivity each positively influenced immersion; immersion positively influenced viewers’ interest in tourism products and live streaming. Furthermore, product interest positively influenced buying desire, promoting immediate buying behaviour. Whereas live streaming interest did not influence buying desire. Finally, both product interest and live streaming interest positively impacted continuous watching intention. This study also detected group differences by examining gender, age, watching experience and time pressure.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explored perceived chatbot anthropomorphism cues and their effects on customers' chatbot usage intentions (UIs) in the online travel agency context, and found that social presence cues and emotional message cues are major anthropomorphic cues of interest for customers and enterprises.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Anthropomorphizing chatbots can facilitate effective customer interaction. Based on a mixed method, this study explores perceived chatbot anthropomorphism cues and their effects on customers’ chatbot usage intentions (UIs)in the online travel agency context. Findings suggest that (1) social presence cues and emotional message cues are major anthropomorphic cues of interest for customers and enterprises; (2) social presence cues by simply using a human avatar or mentioning the customer’s name might not be sufficient; (3) anthropomorphic emotional message cues are essential in shaping customers’ UIs; and (4) perceived trustworthiness, intelligence, and enjoyment mediate the above effect.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used theories pertaining to social identity, psychological ownership, and self-continuity to synthesize a model concerning nostalgic heritage tourism and found that nostalgic heritage travel motivation is positively related to place identification and reminiscing enjoyment.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Heritage tourism can enable tourists to indulge in a cherished past enriched with cultural-historical treasures. This study draws on theories pertaining to social identity, psychological ownership, and self-continuity to synthesize a model concerning nostalgic heritage tourism. The hypothesized framework was assessed using structural equation modeling with survey-based data secured from 30 heritage sites. Findings reveal that nostalgic heritage travel motivation is positively related to place identification and reminiscing enjoyment. Serial mediating effects of psychological ownership that bridges reminiscing enjoyment/place identification and future self-concept and travel behavior are also warranted. Furthermore, self-continuity is found to moderate the postulated relationships.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors performed a systematic review of research on Thailand tourism and identified emergent research themes and explored the conceptualization of studies regarding the development of Thailand tourism, in accordance with the theory, context, characteristic, and methodology framework.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This research performs a systematic review of research on Thailand tourism. We identified emergent research themes and explored the conceptualization of studies regarding the development of Thailand tourism. In accordance with the theory, context, characteristic, and methodology (TCCM) framework, this work offers a comprehensive outline of relevant studies and gaps in the existing literature to edify and advance future research agendas. It successfully enriches knowledge about Thailand tourism in the extant tourism literature. Moreover, this review contributes to Thailand tourism literature and travel industry, particularly during the transitional period from the “old normal” to the “new normal” tourism era.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated residents' intention to support Muslim tourism (ITSMT) through the lens of residents of non-Islamic countries by integrating the Social Exchange Theory (SET), Emotional Solidarity Framework (ESF) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA).
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study investigates residents’ intention to support Muslim tourism (ITSMT) through the lens of residents of non-Islamic countries. By integrating the Social Exchange Theory (SET), Emotional Solidarity Framework (ESF) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), our findings confirmed that welcoming nature was the most salient factor to attenuate the negative effect of perceived risk from Islamophobia by South Korean and Americans residents. The fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) suggested the three different configurations that can explain the formation of residents’ intentions. fsQCA also validated the importance of incorporating ESF, SET and TRA into a unified framework.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors tried to explain how brand authenticity is differently formed according to the type of service employee, such as robot service employees versus human service employees, and found that the types of perceived value such as utilitarian and hedonic values positively affect brand authenticity.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study tries to explain how brand authenticity is differently formed according to the type of service employee, such as robot service employees versus human service employees. The results of the data analysis show that the types of perceived value, such as utilitarian and hedonic values, positively affect brand authenticity. In addition, it was also found that the brand authenticity aids in enhancing brand satisfaction and brand preference, which have a positive influence on brand loyalty. Lastly, this study found that the type of service employee plays a moderating role in the relationship between utilitarian value and brand authenticity.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined the relationship between how a television series presents the locations where it is filmed and the tourist experiences of its audience, combining content analysis and reception theory, and found that tourists post more photographs on social media of locations that are shown longer on screen, that have more sequences of importance to the narrative structure and that characters interact with more intensely.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between how a television series presents the locations where it is filmed and the tourist experiences of its audience, combining content analysis and reception theory. The Spanish filming locations for Game of Thrones (HBO) were chosen as a case study. The findings suggest that tourists post more photographs on social media of locations that are shown longer on screen, that have more sequences of importance to the narrative structure and that characters interact with more intensely. These findings demonstrate the importance of the audiovisual text to the potential role of film in tourist destination promotion.
7 citations
TL;DR: The results of the analysis show that data privacy reduces data breach and access vulnerability, which increases privacy concerns, emotional violation, and switching intention, and the importance and necessity of data privacy are confirmed.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study develops a solid theoretical framework explaining data vulnerability, psychological anxiety, and switching intention of customers through hotel data privacy. Data privacy developed in this study is classified into four sub-factors. The results of the analysis show that data privacy reduces data breach and access vulnerability, which increases privacy concerns, emotional violation, and switching intention. The results of this study successfully confirm the importance and necessity of data privacy and discover the positive effects of data privacy on hotels, while also providing valuable and meaningful insight based on the positive effects on hotel guests.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a literature review and in-depth interviews were employed to conceptualize destination inspiration and to develop a reliable and valid scale, which was applied to investigate the relationship between the antecedents and consequences of destination inspiration.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Although studies in psychology and marketing fields have examined inspiration theory, relevant concepts and measurement tools are lacking for inspiration in the context of destinations. Two studies were conducted. Study 1 involved a literature review and in-depth interviews, which were employed to conceptualize destination inspiration and to develop a reliable and valid scale. In Study 2, the developed scale was applied to investigate the relationship between the antecedents and consequences of destination inspiration. The scale can support in exploring the relationship between destination inspiration and its related constructs; the research model may also guide the direction of future research.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors developed a theoretical framework for tourism crisis management and provided policy implications for the development of small tourism enterprises in times of crisis, and demonstrated that government crisis management restores managers' confidence through different mediation of the sense of gain.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Although the government contributes to the tourism recovery, the influence of the government on the micro-perceptions of tourism managers remains limited. The results of 415 samples demonstrate that government crisis management restores managers’ confidence through different mediation of the sense of gain. Information and communication management improve only their sense of spiritual gain, while human resource development enhance merely their sense of material gain. Moreover, environmental uncertainty shows no moderation on restoring the managers’ confidence. This study develops a theoretical framework for tourism crisis management and provides policy implications for the development of small tourism enterprises in times of crisis.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors applied network science analytics to determine behavioural changes in travel mobility of domestic travellers who visited Jeju Island, Korea, from June 2019 to December 2020, revealing significant reductions in the number of trips to a destination but also limited spatial connectivity and diversity in travel flow during the pandemic.
Abstract: ABSTRACT COVID-19 is substantially reshaping the tourism and hospitality industries but studies on the changes in travel behaviour in response to the pandemic are limited. Using tourism big data, this research applies network science analytics to determine behavioural changes in travel mobility of domestic travellers who visited Jeju Island, Korea, from June 2019 to December 2020. The findings reveal significant reductions in the number of trips to a destination but also limited spatial connectivity and diversity in travel flow during the pandemic. A higher intensity of travel mobility to outdoor and coastal areas and shorter travel distances are evident during COVID-19.
TL;DR: In this paper , two factorial design experiments were conducted to test the effect of choice size on perceived overload during online hotel booking, and the results find the choice overload effects and the associated internal mechanism, as well as the moderating effects of amount of information and presentation of information.
Abstract: ABSTRACT During online hotel booking, travelers are exposed to numerous hotel options, possibly making them feel overwhelmed with choices. Based on an online hotel booking scenario, two 2 × 2 factorial design experiments (Study one: 2 choice sizes × 2 amount of information; Study two: 2 choice sizes × 2 presentation of information), each with a sample of 242 participants, have been conducted to test the effect of choice size on perceived overload. The results find the choice overload effects and the associated internal mechanism, as well as the moderating effects of amount of information and presentation of information.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated how tourists' shared belief, shared behavior, and propensity to interact contributed to their emotional solidarity toward other tourists and how the feeling predicted their intention to travel.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Focusing on potential faith-based tourists, this study investigated how their shared belief, shared behavior, and propensity to interact contributed to their emotional solidarity toward other tourists and how the feeling predicted their intention to travel. To reflect the dual identities of faith-based tourists, further distinctions were made between shared belief and shared behavior related to their trip and religion. Shared touristic belief, shared touristic behavior, and propensity to interact deviated in their influences on communality and fairness that constitute tourist-to-tourist emotional solidarity. Communality and fairness also showed different impacts on travel intention. Shared religious belief and shared religious behavior did not translate into communality or fairness, but they still predicted travel intention on their own.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors analyzed the influencing factors of empty nest family tourism consumption and found that family assets, pension income and Internet usage have a significant impact on empty nest families tourism consumption, positively promoting it.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2018, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of empty nest family tourism consumption. It is found that family assets, pension income and Internet usage have a significant impact on empty nest family tourism consumption, positively promoting it. Internet usage has the greatest impact. This paper also carries out a heterogeneity test. The results show that the factors affecting the tourism consumption of empty nest families are different among middle-aged and elderly empty nest families, urban and rural empty nest families, and empty nest families in different regions.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined differences between self-and other-decisions in adventure tourism and found that participants tended to seek adventure in selfdecisions and exhibited risk aversion in otherdecisions.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Adventure tourism has recently received growing attention. Researchers often consider tourists’ personal decisions in choosing tourism products. However, consumers do not always purchase such products solely for themselves; they occasionally decide for others as well. Yet little is known about the differences. Through behavioral experiments and eye-tracking technology, this study examines differences between self- and other-decisions in adventure tourism. Results show that participants tended to seek adventure in self-decisions and exhibited risk aversion in other-decisions. Overall, findings offer a theoretical basis and inspiration for the development and sale of adventure tourism products, tourism safety-related features, and other promotional attributes.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the effects of psychological distance (temporal and spatial) and social influence on tourists' hotel booking preferences based on the construal-level theory (CLT).
Abstract: ABSTRACT Standing out in the tourists’ hotel booking process is important for hotels in today’s competitive environment. To effectively promote hotels, it is necessary to have a deeper grasp of the factors affecting tourists’ hotel choices. To this end, this research examines the effects of psychological distance (temporal and spatial) and social influence on tourists’ hotel booking preferences based on the Construal-Level Theory (CLT). Social influence is identified as a moderator between psychological distance and tourists’ booking preferences; whole perceived message quality is identified as a mediator. The paper concludes with theoretical implications, practical implications, and ideas for future research.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined tourists' envy and social return from engaging in domestic travel among Millennials and Baby Boomers and found that the relationship between social comparison and travel envy, self-presentation, and tourism xenophilia and domestic travel behaviour is stronger for Millennials.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study examines tourists’ envy and social return from engaging in domestic travel among Millennials and Baby Boomers. A conceptual framework is developed, grounded by social comparison theory. Using a quantitative research design, an online survey instrument was used to collect data. Results reveal that the relationship between social comparison and travel envy, self-presentation and travel envy, and tourism xenophilia and domestic travel behaviour is stronger for Millennials. However, the relationship between domestic travel behaviour and social return relationship is stronger for Baby Boomers. The findings contribute to the under-researched area of domestic tourism during an unprecedented global pandemic.
TL;DR: In this article , a review brought attention to significant developments by using a combination of descriptive analysis, conceptual framework, and topic modeling, and several salient literature gaps and future research directions were amalgamated by utilizing the theory, context, characteristics and methodology (TCCM) framework.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Gastronomy tourism is a critical driver of regional economic development and socio-cultural renaissance. It has been advocated as part of the tourism recovery initiatives in regards to boosting the worldwide economy in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol, 397 empirical articles from leading hospitality and tourism journals were systematically examined. This review brought attention to significant developments by using a combination of descriptive analysis, conceptual framework, and topic modeling. Several salient literature gaps and future research directions were amalgamated by utilizing the theory, context, characteristics, and methodology (TCCM) framework.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors conceptualize destination smartness from a tourist perspective by identifying what intelligences a smart destination has executed, and the identified intelligences were then situated within a 2 (crystalized development path-fluid development path) × 2 (taskoriented focus-interaction-oriented focus), and 2 (active service provision-passive service provision) plane.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Drawing on teleology, this study aims to conceptualize destination smartness from a tourist perspective by identifying what intelligences a “smart” destination has executed. Thematic analysis of 25 interviews with experienced “smart tourists” unveiled a hierarchical framework of destination smartness, visualizing the components of destination smartness as seen by tourists. Eight identified intelligences were then situated within a 2 (crystalized development path–fluid development path) × 2 (task-oriented focus–interaction-oriented focus) × 2 (active service provision–passive service provision) plane. This study also lays a theoretical foundation for future studies and provides practical implications for the development of smart tourism.
TL;DR: In this article , a framework was proposed and tested through multilevel analysis with empirical evidence taken from an array of shows held within a festival at various heritage sites, demonstrating a cross-level moderated mediated chain of relationship leading from co-developed festivalscape to event and site outcomes through the mediation of co developed experience.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This inquiry articulates the co-development phenomenon in which improvisation of tourism products is created from multiple suppliers across different domains. Drawing on the S-O-R model and situated cognition theory, a framework was proposed and tested through multilevel analysis with empirical evidence taken from an array of shows held within a festival at various heritage sites. Findings demonstrate a cross-level moderated mediated chain of relationship leading from co-developed festivalscape to an array of event and site outcomes through the mediation of co-developed experience. This research extends the stimulus-organism-response mechanism to conjecture the situated S-O-R model based on the situated cognition thesis.
TL;DR: In this paper , a dynamic destination network considering four seasons and daily periods is presented, where mobile sensor big data collected from international travelers visiting Korea were analyzed to explore movement behaviors across 250 cities in the country.
Abstract: ABSTRACT This study characterizes a destination network based on travel flow. Although the tourism literature has mostly discussed the static configurations of network structures, this study presents a dynamic destination network considering four seasons and daily periods. Given the advancement of connected technology, mobile sensor big data collected from international travelers visiting Korea were analyzed to explore movement behaviors across 250 cities in the country. Results demonstrate the dynamics of complex network systems in tourism destinations over time, such as seasons and diurnal variations. Its findings are crucial for developing vibrant destination management and contextual marketing.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors analyzed the behavior of consumers by exploring the attributes of green hotel selection through a qualitative and quantitative method, and found that the effect of hotel selection attributes on emotional well-being and willingness to revisit green hotels were investigated.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the behavior of consumers by exploring the attributes of green hotel selection through a qualitative and quantitative method. The effect of green hotel selection attributes on emotional well-being and the effect of emotional well-being on willingness to revisit green hotels were also investigated. To specifically discover the performance and customer evaluation of green hotel attributes, importance-performance analysis (IPA) was performed, which also assessed them by gender and educational background. Finally, we discussed the theoretical implications and managerial implications that are worthy of consideration.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the effects of construal level (high vs. low) and benefit type (self-benefit vs. other-benefit) on tourists' purchase intention regarding main (package tour) and supporting (homestay) rural tourism products.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Drawing on construal level theory, this study aims to examine the effects of construal level (high vs. low) and benefit type (self-benefit vs. other-benefit) on tourists’ purchase intention regarding main (package tour) and supporting (homestay) rural tourism products. Utilizing a mixed between-/within-group methodology with a 2 × 2 scenario-based experimental design, the analysis of 352 survey responses revealed that a message describing self-benefit with low construal outperformed other messages in two temporal scenarios (long vs. short distance). These results enrich our understanding of rural tourism promotion, laying theoretical foundations for future studies and providing practical implications for the tourism industry.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated how the experience encounter elements affect experience value and ultimately visitors' attractiveness perception by using a set of data (513 respondents) collected in Macao.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Given that little is known about how the experience encounter elements affect experience value and ultimately visitors’ attractiveness perception. This study constructs and tests a framework in this vein by using a set of data (513 respondents) collected in Macao. Results from PLS-SEM revealed that experience encounter elements have significant influences on attractiveness perception via the mediating effects of experience value. The R2 and Q2 values indicate that the structural model is acceptable and has good predictive accuracy. This study sheds light on exploring experience encounter framework in the tourism and hospitality context for theoretical researchers and practitioners.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated tourists' recovery-acquisition process in wellness tourism and found that health goal saliency significantly predicted perceived destination restorative qualities and tourist engagement.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Although pursuing health and restoration has become a salient motivation for contemporary tourists, the transformative process of how health-seeking tourists achieve restoration in wellness tourism destinations remains unclear. Grounded in goal systems theory and cognitive appraisal theory, this study investigated wellness tourists’ recovery-acquisition process. Through analyses of 390 on-site survey questionnaires collected in Dujiangyan, China, the result revealed health goal salience significantly predicted perceived destination restorative qualities and tourist engagement. Besides, perceived destination restorative qualities positively influenced tourist engagement, and together, these two constructs exerted a positive impact on recovery perceptions. Additionally, resource uniqueness perception further enhanced such impact.
TL;DR: In this paper , a mixed-methods approach was used to identify cruising attributes using data collected in China and America, and the role of trade-offs and the joint effects of culture and past experience on cruising preferences were discussed.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Studies have attributed cross-cultural variation in consumer phenomena to cultural effects without considering other factors, likely leading to false conclusions. This study seeks to clarify whether the effects of culture on cruising preferences are influenced by other elements. First, cruising attributes were identified using a mixed-methods approach. Conjoint analysis was then conducted to examine travelers’ preferences for cruising attributes using data collected in China and America. Finally, within-culture and cross-cultural comparison were performed. Results revealed the role of trade-offs and the joint effects of culture and past experience on cruising preferences. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors attempted to identify fake reviews by applying interpersonal deception theory and self-construal theory, and they also attempted to understand the nature of fake reviews and compare them with authentic reviews.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Despite online review companies exerting effort to administer fake reviews, they cannot protect consumers sufficiently. This study not only attempts to identify fake reviews by applying interpersonal deception theory and self-construal theory but also aims to understand the nature of fake reviews by comparing them with authentic reviews. Authentic reviews have personalities similar to humans; more perceived personality corresponds to a better authenticity. Fake reviews have identical patterns of deceptive communication principles. This study suggests five propositions that continue to explore; more research will facilitate a more trustworthy platform business model.