Showing papers in "Mathematical Social Sciences in 1987"

TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that the τ-value is the unique solution concept which is efficient and has the minimal right property and the restricted proportionality property, which plays a role in the axiomatic characterization of the Shapley value.

TL;DR: In this article, both individual and social preferences are permitted to be fuzzy, and under a relatively strong transitivity condition, the fuzzy counterparts of Arrow's conditions result in oligarchic and not dictatorial aggregation rules.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a pseudo-order model of preference for a decision-maker who hesitates, for cairs of actions, between indefference and preference.

TL;DR: In this article, game theoretic analysis is applied to consider the joint interactive choices of student and teacher, and conditions for the existence and stability of a non-cooperative equilibrium are investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, a fuzzy measure of inequality, along with a set of necessary and sufficient axioms, is established, which allows for tentative judgements and doubts, and the Gini ranking turns out to be a nearest exact approximation of it.

TL;DR: The authors generalize an equivalence between progressive taxation and the Lorenz-dominance ordering, allowing for both non-differentiable tax functions and negative taxes, and show that negative taxes can be computed in the same way as progressive taxes.

TL;DR: For the expected utility model with state dependent utilities, Karni, Schmeidler and Vind as mentioned in this paper showed how to recover uniquely the involved subjective probabilities if the preferences, contingent on a hypothetical probability distribution over the state space, are known.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of such paradoxes and compare such paradoxs with the Condorcet paradox, which they call the "Ostrogorski paradox".

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors develop a game-theoretic model of two-candidate competition over a multidimensional policy space, where the participants have incomplete information about the preferences and strategy choices of other participants.

TL;DR: In this paper, two concepts of rationalisation of a social choice function are developed and a necessary independence condition and a characterisation are obtained in each case, which generalise and unify earlier results on completing the Pareto quasi-order and resolving the problem of cyclical majorities.

TL;DR: In this article, the second derivative of the Cobb-Douglas utility function is used as the metric matrix and the minimum net gain in utility due to adjustment is proportional to the square of the distance traversed as measured in this geometry.

TL;DR: The properties of the Hirschman index of concentration were examined in this paper, and shown to be superior to those of the closely related, but better known, Herfindahl index.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the identification of the uncovered set in a simple spatial model of majority preference, characterizing the covered set geometrically, and connect this characterization to previous results.

TL;DR: In this paper, a conditional likelihood ratio procedure for testing order restrictions on a collection of parameters indexing a set of populations from an exponential family was proposed, and a Monte Carlo comparison of the power of the conditional and unconditional tests was carried out.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new solution concept for n-person non-cooperative games is proposed, which is based on the von Neumann-Morgenstern stable set.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors take a microeconomic perspective and examine conditions in the small which appear to underlie irregular behavior in the large, finding that only seemingly minor alterations in the parameters of a model microeconomy account for which of these four qualitative macro behaviors will appear.

TL;DR: The main result states that effective realization of choice functions is bound by the ‘complexity of computing machines’, which is simply the length of the shortest program which simulates this machine.

TL;DR: In this article, a power index for simple games which depends only on these weights and the minimal winning coalitions of a game is introduced, and two axiomatic characterizations of this index are given.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the fundamental theorem on stochastic dominance of degree two was discovered in 1932 by Karamata and that the proof is simple and elegant.

TL;DR: In this paper, a structure theorem for the binary aggregation rule of dichotomic preferences is proved and a qualitative measure on the set of individuals can be represented by a quantitative measure.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the Kannai topology is adequate for continuous, anonymous and unanimous aggregation rules, since it makes the preferences space complete and Hausdorff.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the properties of a new income inequality index, I s, which is equal to the sum of the squares of the symmetric interquantile share differences.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple derivation for the non-negative solvability condition for a nonlinear input-output system is presented, in relation to the earlier contributions by others.

TL;DR: In this article, a mathematical connection between system dynamics and actor theory is established, as a result of which a general theorem concerning the double representation of causal recursion in action-systems can be proved.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider an alternative approach to distributive justice and discuss the concept of a fair market economy (EAFME), which they call the EAFME paradigm.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the shadow wage in the urban sector is not necessarily smaller than the market wage if the rate of population growth rises with rise in per-capita consumption (income).

TL;DR: The notions of fuzzy prices and fuzzy isocost are developed and the optimal solution to the problem of maximizing fuzzy output subject to the constraint of a fuzzy isOCost is delineated.