Showing papers in "Radiation Physics and Chemistry in 2001"

TL;DR: A Windows version of XCOM, the well-known program for calculating X-ray and gamma-ray attenuation coefficients and interaction cross sections, has been developed as mentioned in this paper, called WinXCom.

TL;DR: In this article, the PVA/PVP blended hydrogel has a water content in the range between 60% and 80% and water absorption between 40% and 250% and the water vapor transmission rate value (WVTR) varies between 50 and 200 g/m2/h.

TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical structure and physical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that has been crosslinked by radiation have been studied by various methods.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed a systematic analysis of the nonionizing energy losses (NIEL) for electrons, protons, neutrons and γ-rays in Si and GaAs for a wide range of particle energies.

TL;DR: In this article, the swelling process in poly(DMAEMA) hydrogels synthesized by UV-irradiation was found to be non-Fickian in a phosphate and citrate buffer solution at 25°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, UHMWPE was irradiated with gamma rays at room temperature (23°C) in air or vacuum, and it was then stored in the same environment for 2-yr at 23°C, 37°C or 75°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the toxicity of vanadium and the effect of chitosan has been investigated on soybean, rice, wheat and barley, and the results of the analysis showed that the absorption and transportation of 48 V to the leaf from root was suppressed with irradiated chitoshan.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the molecular weight changes which occur on the gamma-radiolysis of poly(dimethyl siloxane) under vacuum between 77 and 373 K and in air at 303 K.

TL;DR: Ge-doped silica fibres provide a good basis for medical radiation dosimetry at therapy levels, and doses are reproducible to within 3%, the fibres are reusable and show linearity of dose versus TL output over the approximate range of dose 1 Gy to in excess of 100 Gy.

TL;DR: A brief overview of irradiation of polymer blends containing a polyolefin as one of the components can be found in this article, where potentially useful results have been reported, such as crosslink or degrade the desired component polymer.

TL;DR: Accelerator mass spectrometers have been used for the analysis of 14 C, 10 Be, 36 Cl and other cosmogenic radionuclides in archaeology, geology and environmental science as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The irradiated UHMWPE after recrystallization in a quenching condition had a higher crosslinking extent compared with the irradiation after slowly cooling, and the wear rate of UH MWPE decreased with irradiation dose up to 250 kGy, which was about 40% of the wear rates of nonirradiated UhMWPE.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of absorption edges on effective atomic numbers and their variation with photon energy and the possibility of defining two set values of effective atomic number below the absorption edges of elements present in the composite substances are discussed.

TL;DR: A mixture of vinyl monomer, a natural polyelectrolyte (hyaluronic acid) and crosslinker was polymerized and crosslinked to entrap the natural polymer into the synthetic gel as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the response of thermoluminescence (TL) dosimeters (TLDs) to UV radiation (UVR) was investigated using a deuterium UV source, and the intrinsic method was used to detect UVR, while trap depth and frequency factors were estimated using the initial rise method.

TL;DR: D dose rate and temperature studies have now been extended, and an examination of the effects of post-irradiation temperature and time on subsequent dosimeter measurement has been added.

TL;DR: The role of three active components of the Ferrous sulphate Xylenol orange Gelatin (FXG) gel dosemeter was quantified with special consideration of their effect on system sensitivity and stability as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, critical mass calculations were performed on two plutonium metal/ionic liquid mixtures and the results were compared with similar calculations performed on aqueous systems, and it was shown that at least an order of magnitude increase in the minimum critical concentration for the ionic liquid-plutonium mixtures was possible over aqueously mixtures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of various conditions such as absorbed dose, solvent and oxygen on grafting was investigated, and the grafting yield increased with the increase in absorbed dose.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new system of IPN hydrogels composed of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) and natural macromolecule, Kappa-Carrageenan (KC) were prepared by γ-irradiation.

TL;DR: In this article, a direct mathematical method is applied to calculate total and geometrical efficiencies of a parallelepiped (a × b × c ) detector for an arbitrarily positioned isotropic radiating point source.

TL;DR: The library of iodine reactions in containment (LIRIC) model as mentioned in this paper is a comprehensive mechanistic model for the chemical and mass transport behaviour of iodine in containment under post-accident nuclear reactor accident conditions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the nanocomposites of stable nanosilver particles embedded in polyacrylonitrile matrix were synthesized by γ-irradiation, in which the monomer acryllitrile was polymerized and the silver ions were reduced simultaneously by −IRradiation to form composites in situ.

TL;DR: In this article, electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was used to explore the possibility of using this technique in detecting irradiated red pepper and to evaluate the eventual dosimetric features of this widely used food.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Trommsdorff effect appeared in the curve of the grafting yields vs. the concentrations of the monomer in mixed solvents of water and methanol.

TL;DR: In this article, K-shell X-ray fluorescence cross-sections for the elements Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Pd and Ag have been measured at the excitation energy of the 59.54 keV γ -rays from an 241 Am radioactive source of strength 100mCi.

TL;DR: In this paper, the energy deposition patterns and reactions of chemical species produced in water were investigated as a function of electron energy (100 eV −1 eV) by the method of Monte Carlo simulation.

TL;DR: This review looks briefly at the neutron and X-ray based systems that have been developed indicating their mode of operation and their advantages and disadvantages and summarizes the current state-of-the-art.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of radiation on the aging of estane were investigated using both electron beam and gamma irradiation at various dose rates in the presence and absence of oxygen.

TL;DR: A world-wide radionuclide network consisting of 80 stations is under establishment in the framework of the comprehensive nuclear test-ban treaty (CTBT) as mentioned in this paper, which is essential for the verification regime of the treaty and they will be able to monitor the airborne particulate as well as xenon isotopes that are produced by nuclear tests.