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Showing papers in "Radiologia Brasileira in 2001"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Some of the factors that may interfere with the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals and the quality control tests that can be used to ensure the quality of the agents are discussed.
Abstract: Radiofarmacos marcados com tecnecio-99m sao os principais agentes para diagnosticos utilizados nas clinicas de medicina nuclear, em funcao de uma serie de caracteristicas fisicas do radionuclideo e pela praticidade dos radiofarmacos serem preparados no local de uso, por meio de uma reacao de complexacao entre um agente complexante (farmaco) e o tecnecio-99m. Entretanto, durante esta reacao podem ser geradas algumas impurezas que proporcionam a formacao de produtos com baixa qualidade ou com caracteristicas diferentes das desejadas. No presente trabalho serao apresentados alguns dos fatores que podem interferir na qualidade dos radiofarmacos e os controles que podem ser utilizados para garantir sua qualidade.

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a revisao bibliografica sobre o assunto, discute os conceitos basicos relacionados a o diagnostico auxiliado por computador and apresenta uma revisão bibliógrafica.
Abstract: Varios desenvolvimentos tecnologicos estao convergindo de forma a aumentar a influencia da area de imagens nas pesquisas biomedicas e na medicina clinica. Muitos pesquisadores tem trabalhado no desenvolvimento de sistemas computadorizados para deteccao automatizada e quantificacao de anormalidades em imagens radiologicas. Estes sistemas sao dedicados ao diagnostico auxiliado por computador. Este artigo discute os conceitos basicos relacionados ao diagnostico auxiliado por computador e apresenta uma revisao bibliografica sobre o assunto.

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the majority of cases there was association between sinusitis and ostiomeatal obstruction, and the most common CT findings were total or partial opacification of one or more paranasal cavities, followed by mucosal thickening.
Abstract: Neste estudo foi feita avaliacao retrospectiva de 71 casos selecionados de pacientes pediatricos, maiores de um ano e menores de sete anos, que realizaram exame de tomografia computadorizada helicoidal dos seios paranasais no periodo de marco de 1997 a abril de 1998, apresentando quadro clinico de sinusopatia inflamatoria aguda recorrente e sinusopatia inflamatoria cronica. Foram correlacionados os quadros clinicos com os achados da tomografia computadorizada helicoidal, avaliando a pneumatizacao dos seios paranasais, os complexos ostio-meatais, as variacoes anatomicas, o estado da superficie mucosa e a extensao lesional. Os achados tomograficos de maior prevalencia foram o velamento total ou parcial de uma ou mais cavidades paranasais (92,9%), seguido da hipertrofia da mucosa de revestimento (67,6%). Houve, na maioria dos casos, associacao entre a sinusopatia inflamatoria e a obstrucao dos complexos ostio-meatais (53,5%). As variacoes anatomicas foram identificadas ja a partir de um ano, com predominio dos desvios do septo nasal (14,1%), estando correlacionadas as sinusopatias inflamatorias em cerca de 71% dos pacientes.

18 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Strains were the most frequent lesions observed in magnetic resonance scans of the leg or thigh of patients suffering from sports trauma, and were classified according to the intensity of the injury of the fibers into grades 1, 2 and 3.
Abstract: We evaluated 43 magnetic resonance scans of the leg or thigh of patients suffering from sports trauma. Strains were the most frequent lesions observed. These lesions presented iso- or hypointense signal on T1 and hyperintense signal on T2 images, and were classified according to the intensity of the injury of the fibers into grades 1, 2 and 3. The second most common lesions in these series were contusions that appeared iso- or hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 images. Fibrosis was also observed as low signal lesions on T1 and T2 images.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: O presente artigo tem por finalidade discutir as causas mais frequentes de erros de interpretacao, suas causas e como evita-los.
Abstract: A ressonância magnetica tornou-se o metodo de imagem de escolha para o estudo das articulacoes, devido a sua grande diferenciacao tecidual, resolucao de estruturas, imagens em multiplos planos e estudos dinâmicos (cinematicos). Talvez a articulacao do joelho seja o exame de ressonância magnetica mais solicitado na area osteoarticular. O conhecimento detalhado da anatomia, fisiologia e aspecto de imagenologia da regiao permite uma interpretacao adequada dos exames. No entanto, por vezes, estruturas anatomicas que so aparecem esporadicamente, variantes anatomicas e artefatos podem causar erros de interpretacao desses exames. O presente artigo tem por finalidade discutir as causas mais frequentes de erros de interpretacao, suas causas e como evita-los.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a pesquisa bibliografica de mamografia de pequeno porte is efetuada, por meio de questionario, junto a diversas empresas, em varios estados do Brasil, that atuam na area da radiologia medica.
Abstract: Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os custos para a implantacao de um servico de mamografia de pequeno porte. Para realiza-lo, alem da pesquisa bibliografica, foi efetuada uma pesquisa, por meio de questionario, junto a diversas empresas, em varios estados do Brasil, que atuam na area da radiologia medica. O questionario utilizado visava levantar o custo de aquisicao de bens e servicos - equipamentos, moveis e utensilios, diversos materiais e produtos utilizados, servicos, mao-de-obra, encargos, contribuicoes sociais e outros - pertinentes a um servico de mamografia. Visava, tambem - na medida em que este servico, alem de seu papel social, pode ser caracterizado como sendo uma atividade economica -, analisar sua viabilizacao, do ponto de vista economico-financeiro. Como consequencia das analises realizadas, foi formulada uma relacao entre as variaveis receita, custo e retorno que permitisse aos servicos de mamografia de pequeno porte o equilibrio das contas, a remuneracao dos recursos investidos e o lucro.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A database of radiographic images was created in order to protect data from time deterioration and to allow easy access to information to store clinical data of each patient and the corresponding digitalized images.
Abstract: A database of radiographic images was created in order to protect data from time deterioration and to allow easy access to information. This database was designed to store clinical data of each patient and the corresponding digitalized images. The different parts of the software were organized according to the orientation of the professors of the Radiology Department of "Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro", Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This system is of low cost and easy manipulation.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The implementation of a mini-PACS (picture archiving and communication system) at a university hospital is described as a component of a project for a filmless radiology facility.
Abstract: This paper describes the implementation of a mini-PACS (picture archiving and communication system) at a university hospital ("Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto da Universidade de Sao Paulo"), as a component of a project for a filmless radiology facility.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recommendations to avoid failure of treatment due to error in the delivered dose, such as redundant check of the manual or computer calculations, weeklyCheck of the total dose for each patient, and prevention of inadvertent access to any safety system of the equipment by any staff member that is only supposed to operate the machine are presented.
Abstract: Human mistakes are an important source of errors in radiotherapy and may occur at every step of the radiotherapeutic planning and treatment. To reduce this level of uncertainties, several specialized organizations have recommended a comprehensive quality assurance program. In Brazil, the requirement for these programs has been strongly stressed, and most radiotherapy services have pursued this goal regarding radiation units and dosimetry equipment, as well as the verification of the calculations of the patient's dose and the revision of the plan charts. As a contribution to the improvement of quality control, we present some recommendations to avoid failure of treatment due to error in the delivered dose, such as redundant check of the manual or computer calculations, weekly check of the total dose for each patient, and prevention of inadvertent access to any safety system of the equipment by any staff member that is only supposed to operate the machine. Moreover, the use of a computerized treatment record and verification system should be considered in order to eliminate errors due to incorrect selection of the treatment parameters, in a daily basis. We report four radioactive incidents with patient injuries occurred throughout the world and some gross errors of dose.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In all patients, computed tomography revealed a heterogeneous mass in the mesentery with density of fat, interspersed with areas of soft tissue density and dilated vessels, according to the stage of the disease and the amount of inflammatory material or fibrosis.
Abstract: Mesenteric panniculitis is an inflammatory process that represents the second stage of a rare progressive disease involving the adipose tissue of the mesentery. Imaging methods used in the diagnosis of mesenteric panniculitis include barium studies, ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Computed tomography is important for both, diagnosis and evaluation of the extension of the disease and treatment monitoring. Computed tomography findings may vary according to the stage of the disease and the amount of inflammatory material or fibrosis. There is also good correlation between the computed tomography and anatomical pathology findings. The authors studied 10 patients with mesenteric panniculitis submitted to computed tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging was also performed in one patient. In all patients, computed tomography revealed a heterogeneous mass in the mesentery with density of fat, interspersed with areas of soft tissue density and dilated vessels.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that unenhanced helical computed tomography is as efficient as conventional intravenous urography in the evaluation of patients with nephretic colic, is a reproducible method, and avoids the discomfort of the use of intravenous contrast.
Abstract: Our purpose was to evaluate the accuracy of unenhanced helical computed tomography in the diagnosis of ureteral lithiasis, to establish the frequency of the main computed tomography findings, and to assess and compare the interobserver agreement with the results of conventional intravenous urography. A prospective double-blind study was carried out in 25 patients referred for unenhanced helical computed tomography and conventional intravenous urography due to nephretic colic. Both methods were employed to evaluate the size of the kidneys, hydronephrosis and the size and location of ureteral stones. Perirenal hyperdensities, periureteral edema and the halo sign were also assessed by unenhanced helical computed tomography. In 23 of the 25 unenhanced helical computed tomography examinations (92%) and in 17 of the 25 conventional intravenous urography examinations (68%) there was agreement on the results of the two observers. In 21 of the 25 patients, there was agreement between the results of both methods. We concluded that unenhanced helical computed tomography is as efficient as conventional intravenous urography in the evaluation of patients with nephretic colic, is a reproducible method, and avoids the discomfort of the use of intravenous contrast.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A case of a patient with multiple symmetrical lipomatosis is reported and the clinical and radiological features of this disorder are described.
Abstract: Multiple symmetrical lipomatosis (Madelung's disease) is a rare disorder characterized by deep accumulation of fat tissue, involving mainly the neck, shoulders and chest. This disease is associated with heavy alcohol intake and it is more common in men of Mediterranean origin. This disease can cause severe aesthetic deformities and progressive respiratory dysfunction. We report a case of a patient with multiple symmetrical lipomatosis and describe the clinical and radiological features of this disorder.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis allowed precise identification of the main muscular and ligamentous pelvic floor structures in most individuals, whereas interobserver agreement was considered good.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and to assess the interobserver agreement of identification of muscular and ligamentous pelvic floor structures using magnetic resonance imaging. METHOD: Twenty asymptomatic female volunteers (aged 20¾80 years old; mean: 50) were submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T) examinations of the pelvis. Turbo spin-echo sequences were employed to obtain T1 and T2 weighted images on axial and sagittal planes. Two independent observers evaluated the scans in order to identify the levator ani (coccygeal, pubococcygeal, iliococcygeal and puborectalis muscles), obturatorius internus and urethral sphincter muscles, and the pubovesical and pubourethral ligaments. The frequency and the interobserver agreement of the identification of the anatomical structures were assessed (kappa statistic ¾ k). RESULTS: The frequency of identification of the structures ranged from 50 to 100%, and was slightly lower for identification of the ligaments. Interobserver agreement was as follows: levator ani and obturatorius internus muscle (k=1), pubococcygeal (k=0.62), iliococcygeal (k=0.86), puborectalis (k= 0.27), coccygeal (k=0) and urethral sphincter muscles (k=1), pubovesical (k=0.50) and pubourethral (k=0.58) ligaments. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis allowed precise identification of the main muscular and ligamentous pelvic floor structures in most individuals, whereas interobserver agreement was considered good.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The using of the volume of the ovaries as a diagnostic criterion for polycystic ovaries is difficult to interpret and the importance of the evaluation of the ovarian stroma with ultrasound is emphasized.
Abstract: Realizamos ultra-sonografia pelvica em tempo real e de alta resolucao em 140 meninas com idade entre dois e 18 anos, para descrever a prevalencia de ovarios policisticos durante o desenvolvimento puberal normal. O volume dos ovarios foi calculado e sua estrutura classificada como homogenea, microcistica, multicistica, policistica e folicular. O volume aumentou e a frequencia das classes ovarianas variou de acordo com o status puberal. Os ovarios eram de aspecto policistico em 8% (duas meninas pre-puberais e nove pos-puberais), com volume normal em 8/11 pacientes. Consideramos que a utilizacao do volume como criterio diagnostico de ovarios policisticos pode ser de dificil interpretacao durante este periodo e enfatizamos a importância da avaliacao da ecogenicidade do estroma pelo ultra-som. Uma hipotese atrativa, mas que necessita de confirmacao atraves de estudos longitudinais, e se essas meninas com ovarios policisticos na ultra-sonografia serao destinadas, em alguns casos, a tornar-se adultas com a sindrome dos ovarios policisticos.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings may suggest a higher diagnostic accuracy of biopsies performed with 12-gauge needles due to the larger samples obtained and/or due to a better radiological selection of those lesions, which were detected by digital mammography and biopsied under digital stereotactic guidance.
Abstract: Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho das agulhas de calibres 14 e 12 na obtencao de "core biopsies" da mama sob controle estereotaxico, os autores compararam biopsias de lesoes mamarias impalpaveis obtidas com agulhas desses calibres quanto ao tamanho dos fragmentos e frequencia dos tipos de lesoes diagnosticadas. De um total de 1.009 biopsias, os autores analisaram 900 obtidas por agulhas 14 e 109 obtidas por agulhas 12, para analise da frequencia das lesoes. Os tamanhos dos fragmentos foram analisados nos 700 primeiros casos para os especimes obtidos por agulhas 14. A utilizacao de agulhas 12 resultou em maior tamanho dos fragmentos (p < 0,001), ausencia de material insatisfatorio, reducao na proporcao das lesoes benignas nao-neoplasicas (p = 0,03) e aumento na frequencia de carcinomas (p < 0,001), tanto in situ como invasivos. Tais achados podem refletir aumento da acuracia do diagnostico, em virtude da maior quantidade de material e/ou melhor selecao radiologica das biopsias obtidas por agulhas 12, pela utilizacao coincidente da mamografia digital em campo limitado (estereotaxia digital).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The operational characteristics of the final process of implementation of a quality control program using routine mechanical and radiation tests were described and the excellent stability of this accelerator was demonstrated.
Abstract: Este trabalho apresenta a parte operacional do processo final envolvido na implantacao de um programa de controle de qualidade por meio de testes rotineiros mecânicos e de radiacao. O programa de controle de qualidade, durante 35 meses, mostrou a estabilidade excelente deste acelerador.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a case of leiomiossarcoma primario de pâncreas was presented, in which a set of aspectos ultra-sonograficos estudados pela ultra-sografia intra-operatoria.
Abstract: Os autores apresentam um caso de leiomiossarcoma primario de pâncreas que teve seus aspectos ultra-sonograficos estudados pela ultra-sonografia intra-operatoria. Embora os aspectos a ultra-sonografia abdominal, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnetica ja tenham sido descritos, as caracteristicas a ultra-sonografia intra-operatoria do leiomiossarcoma primario de pâncreas ainda nao haviam sido relatadas na literatura. Os autores ressaltam, ainda, a importância deste metodo de imagem na determinacao da invasao vascular pelo tumor.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors analyzed the patterns observed on the high-resolution computed tomography scans of the chest of 20 patients with silicosis and correlated them with the anatomopathological findings of five patients, finding randomly distributed nodules that were confluent in most cases, and at times formed conglomerate masses.
Abstract: Neste trabalho foram analisados os padroes observados nas tomografias computadorizadas de alta resolucao do torax de 20 pacientes com silicose, e correlacionados com os achados anatomopatologicos de cinco pacientes. O principal aspecto observado foram os nodulos, com distribuicao randomica, na maior parte dos casos com confluencia, fazendo, por vezes, massas conglomeradas. Eles predominaram nos tercos superiores dos pulmoes, nas regioes posteriores. Outro achado importante foi o enfisema.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This document is intended to assist in the preparation of future studies on how to improve the quality of this type of document.
Abstract:  ˘ˇˆ˙ ˇ˝˛   ˚˜ ˜ ˘ˆ˙ ˛ˇ˝ ˙ !"#  ˘ ˜ ˙$ % ˆ˙  &ˇ˝&  ˚’ ˜%      () * + #˙  % ’  ! ˜   ˚ + )*   + ,˚- ˜ -      .,˙      */*ˇ)* ,˙  01ˇ+ 2  .#   + ˜! ˘ˇ)* ˙ 13ˇ#  ’    ,’ 01  ˜2  ˜ ˜%   4 ˙  ˚  )* ’ ˘,˚  .567 ˙ %   ˚ 012 )8 ˚ -  - 9+ˇ)*  - , :˙$ % */*˜% ˚ . ˚24 ˜˙ ,)8 ,   ˜˙ ., 01);  !%   +#, ˜  , )  

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The combination of clinical and computed tomographic evaluation for T staging resulted in an accuracy and concordance with the pathological results of 89.47% and 84.9%, respectively, which were superior to isolated clinical or computed tomography analysis.
Abstract: No periodo de 1992 a 1998, foram avaliados, retrospectivamente, exames de tomografia computadorizada e prontuarios de 22 pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular de corda vocal. Avaliou-se a concordância entre observadores para todos os casos e a acuracia e concordância entre os metodos para os casos operados, utilizando-se o indice kappa. A concordância foi excelente para o comprometimento tumoral das cartilagens tireoide, cricoide, extensao extralaringea e estadiamento linfonodal; otima para o envolvimento tumoral das cordas vocais, comissura posterior e espaco paraglotico; boa para o envolvimento tumoral da supraglote, subglote e estadiamento tumoral; regular para o envolvimento tumoral da comissura anterior e cartilagem aritenoide. A utilizacao simultânea da avaliacao clinica e tomografica para o estadiamento T obteve acuracia e concordância com achados patologicos de 89,47% e 84,9%, respectivamente, sendo superior a analise clinica isolada ou tomografica. A acuracia e concordância patologica da tomografia computadorizada para o estadiamento N foi de 100%, sendo superior a avaliacao clinica.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Os resultados obtidos mostram a possibilidade de utilizacao deste sistema em procedimentos de dosimetria para os feixes de ortovoltagem utilizados em radioterapia, como complemento of um programa de controle de qualidade.
Abstract: Um sistema Tandem, constituido por um par de câmaras de ionizacao comerciais (uma cilindrica e uma de placas paralelas), foi estabelecido para aplicacao em instituicao hospitalar, em substituicao ao procedimento convencional de determinacao de camadas semi-redutoras utilizando-se absorvedores. Os resultados obtidos mostram a possibilidade de utilizacao deste sistema em procedimentos de dosimetria para os feixes de ortovoltagem utilizados em radioterapia, como complemento de um programa de controle de qualidade.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this study, needle aspiration was more effective than drainage, particularly for smaller collections, and PCD and PNA are safe and effective in the treatment of intra-abdominal collections.
Abstract: OBJETIVO: Verificar e comparar a eficacia da aspiracao percutânea (AP) e da drenagem percutânea (DP), orientadas por metodos de imagem, no tratamento das colecoes intraperitoneais. MATERIAIS E METODOS: Foram encaminhados ao nosso setor 52 pacientes para tratamento percutâneo de colecoes abdominais. Destes, 16 apresentavam colecoes intraperitoneais, sendo dez complexas (multiloculadas ou multiplas) e seis, simples. O volume das colecoes variou de 40 a 1.200 ml, com mediana de 200 ml. Foram submetidas a AP seis colecoes (37,5%) e a DP, dez (62,5%). Considerou-se como sucesso do metodo a resolucao completa da colecao, com melhora clinico-laboratorial do paciente. RESULTADOS: O sucesso do procedimento ocorreu em 75% dos casos. Nas colecoes submetidas a AP houve sucesso em 100%, e nas submetidas a DP o sucesso foi de 60%. O indice de sucesso no grupo submetido a DP foi de 50% nas colecoes menores ou iguais a 200 ml e de 75% nas de maior volume. Obteve-se sucesso com a DP em 33,3% das colecoes complexas, em 42,9% das infectadas e em 100% das nao infectadas e simples. Foram observadas apenas duas complicacoes menores (bacteremia transitoria e infeccao cutânea) apos os procedimentos. CONCLUSAO: A AP e a DP sao metodos eficazes e seguros para tratamento das colecoes intraperitoneais. No nosso estudo, a AP foi mais eficaz que a DP, principalmente nas colecoes de menor volume.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results are concordant with the literature, and demonstrate the importance of conventional x-ray as a complementary method in the diagnosis of Gaucher's disease.
Abstract: Gaucher's disease has a genetic background and is characterized by the deficiency of enzyme glucocerebrosidase, resulting in secondary accumulation of glucocerebrosides in the reticuloendothelial organs The objective of the present study is to evaluate the x-ray findings in the skeleton of a group of 32 male and female patients of different ages, with biochemical diagnosis of Gaucher's disease The following bone lesions were observed: diffuse osteopenia (100% of the patients), "Erlenmeyer flask" deformities (937% of the patients), abnormalities of the joints (406% of the patients), necrosis of the femoral head (281% of the patients), lytic lesions (281% of the patients), pathological fractures (93% of the patients) and necrosis of the humeral head (62% of the patients) These results are concordant with the literature, and demonstrate the importance of conventional x-ray as a complementary method in the diagnosis of Gaucher's disease

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The most frequently observed high-resolution computed tomography patterns were ground-glass attenuation, consolidation areas, crazy-paving pattern and cysts, and nodules and intralobular reticulation, while thickening of the interlobular septa was due to cell infiltration and edema.
Abstract: We present the main findings observed on the high-resolution computed tomography examinations of 15 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The high-resolution computed tomography and autopsy findings of 5 patients were also compared. The most frequently observed high-resolution computed tomography patterns were ground-glass attenuation, consolidation areas, crazy-paving pattern and cysts. Nodules and intralobular reticulation were less frequently observed. Ground-glass attenuation and consolidation areas corresponded to alveolar filling with inflammatory exsudate. Thickening of the interlobular septa was due to cell infiltration and edema. One patient presented interlobular reticulation, and the pathology study revealed alveolar septa thickening due to cell infiltration and fibrosis. Nodules observed in one of the patients corresponded to a patchy intraalveolar accumulation of microorganisms and inflammatory cells forming a "granulomatous" pattern.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Among the tested Gd-DTPA dilutions and volumes, double-dose contrast injection allowed better evaluation of the carotid and vertebral arteries.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the carotid and vertebral arteries by magnetic resonance angiography, using different contrast volumes and dilution techniques. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Prospective study of 15 patients, which included the evaluation of 30 common carotid arteries, 30 internal carotid arteries, 30 external carotid arteries and 30 vertebral arteries, using different gadolinium (Gd-DTPA) volumes and dilutions: group I - single-dose (14 ml of Gd-DTPA); group II - double-dose (28 ml of Gd-DTPA); group III - single-dose, dilution at 50%. Gd-DTPA was administered using a power injector at 2 ml/sec (group I) and 3 ml/sec (groups II and III). A qualitative assessment was performed for each arterial segment. Three radiologists, who judged the quality of depiction of the arteries, vascular signal intensity and contours delineation, performed a consensus analysis. RESULTS: All evaluated features showed better performance in group II (complete depiction of the arteries, good vascular signal intensity and well defined contours). In group I, there was adequate depiction of the arteries, but inadequate vascular signal intensity and contours delineation. Group III showed the poorest results, with inadequate parameters for all evaluated features. CONCLUSION: Among the tested Gd-DTPA dilutions and volumes, double-dose contrast injection allowed better evaluation of the carotid and vertebral arteries. The studies with dilution of Gd-DTPA showed the poorest results.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: High-resolution computed tomography of 17 patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma finds that male preponderance and a higher frequency of association between multinodular and consolidation patterns were observed, whereas the most common findings were consolidation areas, air bronchogram, low attenuation areas, and crazy paving pattern.
Abstract: Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is a bronchogenic carcinoma that presents an insidious growth, arises from the walls of the distal air spaces and spreads using the alveolar septa as a stroma, preserving the lung architecture. In this work we analyze the high-resolution computed tomography of 17 patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Conversely to the data presented in the literature, male preponderance (71%) and a higher frequency of association between multinodular and consolidation patterns (53%) in comparison to single nodular (12%), multinodular (12%) and consolidation (23%) patterns were observed. The most common findings were: consolidation areas (76%), air bronchogram (71%), low attenuation areas (60%), thickening of interlobular septa, ground-glass attenuation and confluent nodules (54% each), and crazy paving pattern (36%). Cavitated nodules, atelectasis, halo sign and "tree in bud" pattern were observed in only one case each.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study demonstrates that hysterosalpingography is very useful for the evaluation of infertility, as it frequently diagnoses relevant abnormalities, it is an inexpensive technique and the complications are very rare.
Abstract: Hysterosalpingography is a technique used for the evaluation of the uterine anatomy and tubal patency and consequently it is primarily indicated for the diagnosis of infertility. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of the abnormalities observed on the hysterosalpingograms of infertile patients. All patients that underwent hysterosalpingographic evaluation in a period of four months were allocated. Of the 48 patients studied, 36 presented primary infertility and 12 presented secondary infertility. The patients with primary infertility presented a higher rate of uterine malformations whereas the patients with secondary infertility presented more often tubal obstruction. There were no significant complications during the hysterosalpingograms. This study demonstrates that hysterosalpingography is very useful for the evaluation of infertility, as it frequently diagnoses relevant abnormalities, it is an inexpensive technique and the complications are very rare.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: No presente estudo os autores consideraram a USIO fundamental no estabelecimento do diagnostico, identificando os multiplos adenomas, e que tambem auxiliou mudando a conduta cirurgica da paciente.
Abstract: Os autores relatam um caso de adenomatose hepatica multipla diagnosticado pela ultra-sonografia intra-operatoria (USIO). Neste caso foram identificadas 13 lesoes pela USIO. Os exames pre-operatorios (ultra-sonografia abdominal, tomografia computadorizada helicoidal e ressonância magnetica) mostraram apenas tres lesoes, que foram inicialmente consideradas potencialmente ressecaveis. Todos os adenomas apresentavam consistencia identica a do figado adjacente, nao sendo, portanto, perceptiveis a palpacao. A USIO apresenta maior acuracia na identificacao de nodulos hepaticos, quando comparada com os exames pre-operatorios. No presente estudo os autores consideraram a USIO fundamental no estabelecimento do diagnostico, identificando os multiplos adenomas, e que tambem auxiliou mudando a conduta cirurgica da paciente. Devido aos multiplos adenomas identificados pela USIO, a paciente nao foi submetida a resseccao hepatica, pois nao haveria a possibilidade de remocao de todas as lesoes. No conhecimento dos autores, ainda nao havia sido descrito caso de adenomatose hepatica multipla diagnosticada apenas pela USIO.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A case of a patient with a pericardial cyst of unusual x-ray appearance which was diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography and showed a mass lesion contiguous to the heart, in the cardiophrenic angle is presented.
Abstract: Tumors and cysts of the heart and pericardium are rare. The aim of this paper is to present a case of a patient with a pericardial cyst of unusual x-ray appearance which was diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography. The patient presented mild pain in the right hemithorax and the plain films showed a mass lesion contiguous to the heart, in the cardiophrenic angle. The authors also briefly review the literature on pericardial cysts.