Showing papers in "Revista Latino-americana De Enfermagem in 2020"

The effect of suppressing funeral rituals during the COVID-19 pandemic on bereaved families.

Abstract: Objective amidst the greatest health crisis in history triggered by COVID-19, this documental study was intended to understand the meanings individuals who have lost loved ones in this context assign to the phenomenon of suppressed funeral rituals. Method based on the theory of grief, the corpus of this study was composed of documents published in digital media containing personal writings and reports of experiences freely and easily available to the public. Two researchers with expertise in the field used inductive thematic analysis to interpret data. Results the experiences shared in the reports reflect the suffering experienced by the sudden death of a significant person, which is amplified by the absence or impediment to performing familial farewell rituals. The suppression or abbreviation of funeral rituals is a traumatic experience because family members are prevented from fulfilling their last homage to the loved one who has suddenly passed away, causing feelings of disbelief and indignation. Conclusion alternatives and new ways to celebrate passage rituals in emergencies of strong social commotion such as a pandemic are needed to provide support and comfort to family members, friends, and relatives. These rituals help survivors to overcome the critical moment, decreasing the risk of developing complicated grief.

Challenges faced by pediatric nursing workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract: Objective to identify the challenges pediatric nursing workers face as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method qualitative study, using a semi-structured electronic form applied to nursing workers from pediatric services in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were submitted to lexicographic analysis using the Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, Word Cloud technique, and Similitude Analysis. Results different challenges concerning the COVID-19 pandemic were reported, including the need to promote comprehensive and quality care while being concerned with protecting oneself and others, with an emphasis on fear. A lack of protective equipment, training, diagnostic tests, and knowledge/information concerning the disease was also reported, in addition to a reduced number of nursing workers and a lack of appreciation for the profession. Conclusion managerial guidelines need to be adopted for properly allocating human and material resources in the health field, including the pediatric services, in addition to providing training on standard precautions. Actions to encourage, value, motivate, and support the nursing staff are needed during and after the pandemic to protect the physical and mental health of these professionals.

Quality of life of chronic kidney patients on hemodialysis and related factors.

Abstract: Objective: to verify the association between the health-related quality of life of chronic renal patients on hemodialysis with sociodemographic, clinical, depression and medication adherence characteristics. Method: a cross-sectional study with 183 chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form, Beck Depression Inventory and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale - eight items were used. Among the variables, comorbidities, complications of kidney disease and intercurrences during and after hemodialysis were evaluated. The analysis was performed with descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: 55.2% of the patients were 60 years old or older, 35.0% were hypertensive, with regular quality of life, average of 62.61. Scores below average in the dimensions of quality of life were mainly associated with repetitive infections and edema as complications of the disease, pain during hemodialysis and weakness afterwards. Low drug adherence resulted in a worse quality of life, impacting ten of the 20 dimensions evaluated and depression in all, except for patient satisfaction. Conclusion: reduced quality of life in this population is associated with depressive symptoms, complications such as repetitive infections, pain and anemia, weakness after the dialysis session and low medication adherence. Actions aimed at changing these factors can promote well-being.

Efficacy of the complementary therapies in the management of cancer pain in palliative care: A systematic review.

Abstract: Objective: to synthesize the knowledge and to critically evaluate the evidences arising from randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of the complementary therapies in the management of cancer pain in adult patients with cancer in palliative care. Method: a systematic review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The search for articles in the MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge, CENTRAL Cochrane, and PsycINFO databases, as well as the manual search, selection of studies, data extraction, and methodological assessment using the Cochrane Bias Risk tool were performed independently by two reviewers. Results: eight hundred and fifteen (815) studies were identified, six of them being selected and analyzed, of which three used massage therapy, one study used a combination of progressive muscle relaxation and guided imaging, and another two studies used acupuncture. Most of the studies had an uncertain risk of bias (n=4; 67%). Conclusion: while the evidence from the studies evaluating the use of massage therapy or the use of progressive muscle relaxation and guided imaging for the management of cancer pain in these patients demonstrated significant benefits, the other two studies that evaluated the use of acupuncture as a complementary therapy showed contradictory results, therefore, needing more research studies to elucidate such findings.

Stress level among undergraduate nursing students related to the training phase and sociodemographic factors

Abstract: Objective: identify the stress level among nursing undergraduates and the associated sociodemographic and academic factors; to compare stress level among college students according to the training phase in the course. Method: cross-sectional study with 286 university students. The instrument of sociodemographic and academic characterization and the stress scale were applied. The overall stress level was assessed by standardized score. In the bivariate analysis, Pearson’s chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used, and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using the Poisson model. Statistical significance of 5% was adopted. Results: higher proportion of college students presented medium/high level of global stress. Students from 6th to 10th semesters presented higher levels of stress compared to those from 1st to 5th, in the Realization of practical activities, Professional Communication (p = 0.014), Environment (p = 0.053) and Vocational Training (p = 0.000) domains). In the multivariate analysis, they contributed to the highest level of stress the variables attending the 6th to 10th semesters, female gender, monthly income ≤ one minimum wage and income considered insufficient. Conclusion: women in a more advanced stage of education and with low economic condition present a higher level of stress in their academic education.

Factors associated with the use and reuse of face masks among Brazilian individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract: Objective to identify the factors associated with the use and reuse of masks among Brazilian individuals in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method cross-sectional study conducted in the five Brazilian regions, among adult individuals, via an electronic form disseminated in social media, addressing general information and the use of masks. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to identify the factors associated with the use and reuse of masks. Results 3,981 (100%) individuals participated in the study. In total, 95.5% (CI 95%: 94.8-96.1) reported using masks. Fabric masks were more frequently reported (72.7%; CI 95%: 71.3-74.1), followed by surgical masks (27.8%; CI 95%: 26.5-29.2). The percentage of reuse was 71.1% (CI 95%: 69.7-72.5). Most (55.8%; CI 95%: 51.7-60.0) of those exclusively wearing surgical masks reported its reuse. Being a woman and having had contact with individuals presenting respiratory symptoms increased the likelihood of wearing masks (p≤0.001). Additionally, being a woman decreased the likelihood of reusing surgical masks (p≤0.001). Conclusion virtually all the participants reported the use of masks, most frequently fabric masks. The findings draw attention to a risky practice, that of reusing surgical and paper masks. Therefore, guidelines, public policies, and educational strategies are needed to promote the correct use of masks to control and prevent COVID-19.

Effectiveness of ginger in reducing metabolic levels in people with diabetes: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract: Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of ginge (Zingiber officinale) in reducing blood sugar and lipid levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Method: a randomized and double-blind clinical trial conducted with people with type 2 diabetes in primary care facilities. The study included individuals aged between 20 and 80 years old, using oral antidiabetic drugs and with HbA1c levels between 6.0% and 10%. The participants were paired 1:1, allocated in two distinct groups, and randomized in blocks, based on their HbA1c levels. In the experimental group, the participants used 1.2g of ginger and, in the control group, 1.2g of placebo, daily for 90 days. The primary outcome was a reduction in fasting blood sugar and HbA1c, and the secondary outcome was a reduction in lipids and HOMA-IR. 103 individuals completed the study, 47 in the experimental group and 56 in the control group. Results: the participants in the experimental group showed a greater reduction in the blood glucose and total cholesterol values compared to the control group. Conclusion: the use of ginger can help in the treatment of people with diabetes, and data support the inclusion of this herbal drug in the clinical practice of nurses. RBR-2rt2wy

Development of an animated infographic on Permanent Health Education.

Abstract: Objective: to create an animated infographic on the concept of Permanent Health Education according to the National Policy and its main differences compared to continuing education and health education. Method: a methodological study that analyzed context and knowledge gaps with a literature review and brainstorming; synthesized knowledge into a concept map; built and validated a script; created a didactic design; and produced infographic media. 18 representatives from the Center for Permanent Education and Humanization participated in the stages of context analysis and synthesis of knowledge, and six specialists participated in the validation of the script. Results: through the combination of texts, images, audios, animations and transitions, the concepts, principles and legal journey of the Permanent Education policy were presented with examples from daily work and, at the end, the difference compared to continuing education and health education is presented. The specialist on the theme evaluated the infographic positively as it has clear information that meet the needs of the target audience; favors learning; and is able to circulate in the scientific environment. Conclusion: the infographic includes content on Permanent Health Education as it represents the daily work scenario and encourages reflection by the health care workers.

Integrative and complementary practices in Primary Care: unveiling health promotion.

Abstract: Objective: to understand the use of integrative and complementary practices as a health promotion action. Method: qualitative study, action-participant type, with the application of Paulo Freire’s Research Itinerary, in which 30 Primary Health Care professionals participated. Thematic research was developed with two Primary Care Units, one that used integrative and complementary practices in daily life and another that focused more on allopathic concepts of assistance. To carry out the three stages of the method used, seven Culture Yarning Circles took place. The critical unveiling took place concurrently with the participation of those surveyed. Results: integrative and complementary practices constitute a form of health care, with the purpose of understanding the human being in the health-disease process, making it possible to work with the different aspects that involve them. In this way, they reduce damages resulting from the excessive use of medications, stimulate comprehensiveness and promote health. Conclusion: integrative and complementary practices are resources for health promotion, through comprehensive care and reducing the use of medications.

Psychometric properties of the questionnaire on threat perception of chronic illnesses in pediatric patients

Abstract: Objetivo: o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as propriedades psicometricas do Questionario de Percepcao de Doencas Versao Breve em uma amostra de adolescentes com condicoes endocrinas ou pneumologicas cronicas. Analisar a dimensionalidade e reduzir a escala elaborando baremas por sexo e diagnostico medico. Metodo: avaliamos 510 pacientes com idades entre 9 e 16 anos usando o Questionario de Percepcao de Doencas Versao Breve e a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressao. Foram realizados testes de confiabilidade, validade do construto, validade de criterio e comparacao de medias segundo o diagnostico e as variaveis sociodemograficas. As analises de confiabilidade e validade mostraram propriedades psicometricas adequadas para essa escala, obtendo melhores resultados para uma unica dimensao apos a exclusao de 3 itens. Resultados: observou-se que adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1 e meninas demonstraram maior percepcao da ameaca da doenca. A ansiedade/ depressao associou-se positivamente a percepcao da doenca. Conclusao: este questionario e uma ferramenta util e pratica para avaliar o ajuste a doenca em pacientes pediatricos.

Omission of nursing care in hospitalization units

Abstract: Objective: to describe the prevalence and reasons for omission of nursing care, according to the perception of nursing professionals working in a teaching hospital. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 267 professionals from ten hospitalization units. Data were collected by the MISSCARE-Brasil instrument. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare differences in the prevalence of omission among professional categories. Results: among the elements of nursing care, the highest prevalence of omission consisted in: to sit up the patient out of bed (70.3%), ambulation three times a day (69.1%), and participation in the discussion of the interdisciplinary team on patient’s health care (67.2%). The most frequent reasons were: inadequate number of staff (85.4%), inadequate number of staff for providing care or in administrative tasks (81.6%), and unexpected increase in the number and/or greater severity of patients (79.8%). Nurses reported major omission than nursing technicians/auxiliaries in four elements of care (p<0.05). Conclusion: according to our study, there is high prevalence of omission of nursing care elements from the professionals’ perspective. Factors related to human and material resources were more reported as causes for such omission.

Intensity of nursing work in public hospitals.

Abstract: Objective: to analyze the intensity of nursing work in public hospitals. Method: cross-sectional, quantitative study, carried out in 22 public hospitals. The sample was composed of 265 nurses and 810 nursing technicians and assistants. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed with Exploratory Factor Analysis. The calculation of the distribution of the work intensity by category was done using a score ranging from -1 to +1 standard deviation of the data. Fisher’s exact test (0.05

Influence of tobacco, alcohol consumption, eating habits and physical activity in nursing students.

Abstract: Objetivo: determinar o consumo de alcool e tabaco, os habitos alimentares e a atividade fisica entre estudantes de enfermagem e verificar se o fato de ser estudante de enfermagem e fator de protecao contra estes habitos. Metodo: utilizou-se questionario para coletar informacoes sobre idade, ano letivo, sexo, consumo de alcool e tabaco, atividade fisica e alimentacao saudavel. Foram entregues uma folha com informacoes e um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. A amostra foi composta por 264 estudantes com idades entre 18 e 30 anos, de quatro anos academicos. Resultados: do total da amostra, 15,5% fumavam, 83,7% consumiam bebidas alcoolicas e 97,2% consumiam no final de semana. Um total de 68,6% nao praticava exercicios, e 70,5% necessitavam de alteracoes na dieta. Conclusao: estudantes de enfermagem apresentam altos niveis de consumo de alcool e baixos niveis de tabagismo em comparacao com outros estudos. Quanto maior e o ano letivo, menor e a idade em que iniciaram o consumo de tabaco. O numero de homens que se exercitavam foi maior, o que e considerado fator de protecao contra o consumo de alcool e tabaco e esta relacionado a uma dieta saudavel. Fumar tem influencia negativa na dieta. Os estudantes precisavam mudar sua dieta. Por fim, ser estudante de enfermagem nao e considerado fator de protecao contra o consumo de alcool e tabaco, nem significa ter bons habitos alimentares e praticar exercicios.

Validation of educational material for the care of people with intestinal stoma

Abstract: Objective: to validate an educational booklet for people with intestinal stoma as a technological resource in the teaching of self-care. Method: a methodological research for the construction and validation of an educational booklet by nine expert judges and 25 people with stomas. The agreement index of at least 80% was considered to guarantee the validation of the material. Results: regarding the objectives of the booklet, all the judges evaluated the items as “adequate” or “totally adequate”, with a content validity index of 1.00. Regarding the structure and presentation of the booklet, the total index was 0.84. Regarding relevance, the total was 0.97 and the general index of the educational booklet was 0.89, confirming the validation with the judges. All items of the organization, writing style, appearance and motivation of the material were considered as validated by the target audience, reaching a total agreement index of 0.99. Conclusion: in the context of health education, the booklet was considered valid and suitable for the care of people with intestinal stoma, and can be used in teaching, research, extension and care for people with intestinal stoma.

Paths taken by Brazilian Nursing for the development of terminological subsets.

Abstract: Objective: to discuss the paths taken by Brazilian Nursing in the development of terminological subsets of the International Classification for Nursing Practice. Method: documentary research, carried out in master’s dissertations and doctoral theses, which developed terminological subsets, available at the Bank of Doctoral Theses and Master’s Dissertations of the Under-graduation Personnel Improvement Coordination. The variables were analyzed were institution, year; academic level, type of health service, methodological approach, clientele, theoretical reference, validation of terms, cross mapping, modeling of new concepts, validation of statements, method used for elaboration, term collection, finalization and dissemination. Results: 124 doctoral theses and master’s dissertations were found, 91 were excluded and 33 were included, 23 (69.70%) of which were master’s dissertations, with the highest production in 2014 (n=10; 30.30%), with emphasis on the Northeast (36.36%); the ‘Primary Care’ scenario, with six studies (18.18%); and the predominant clientele was cancer patients. As for the methodological characteristics, in 96% of the studies, the quantitative approach was used; in 2%, a qualitative approach; and 2% associated the quantitative and qualitative approaches. As for the type of study, 60% were methodological and 24% descriptive-exploratory, with the Horta model being the most used (36%). Conclusion: the paths are successful, yet still permeated by weaknesses in the validations and potentialities to standardize the language.

Interdisciplinary simulation scenario in nursing education: Humanized childbirth and birth.

Abstract: Objective: to develop and validate with a panel of experts a scenario of maternal-child clinical simulation, related to humanized childbirth and birth. Method: methodological study based on the Jeffries framework and standardized guides of the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning, which used analysis with descriptive statistics for general aspects of adherence to the aforementioned guide and inferential statistics for validating the checklist of actions through the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: the scenario contains learning objectives, necessary resources, prebriefing and debriefing of guidelines, description of the simulated situation, participants and roles, and checklist of expected actions. The validation obtained an agreement level above 80% in all aspects evaluated by 31 experts, highlighting realism of the environment and setting, vital sign parameters, alignment with scientific literature and encouragement of critical thinking and problem solving. In addition, the checklist of actions was validated with 0.899 agreement among experts, statistically analyzed by the ICC and Cronbach’s alpha 0.908 (95% confidence interval). Conclusion: the simulated scenario on humanized childbirth and birth can strengthen the articulation between women’s and children’s health disciplines, and was validated by experts.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of grandmothers related to breastfeeding: a meta-synthesis

Abstract: Objective Evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of grandmothers that support or discourage the breastfeeding process. Method This is a meta-synthesis based on the theoretical and methodological framework of meta-ethnography developed by Noblit and Hare. A critical evaluation of the articles was conducted using the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (Coreq). Primary and secondary constructs derived from the results of nine articles were grouped into a new theory, leading to tertiary constructs that were presented in a diagram based on the functionality of Sanicola's Social Network Theory. Results Grandmothers know the benefits of breastfeeding, the importance of a special diet and proper hydration for the production of good quality milk, but report inadequacies in the treatment of breast complications and the need for breast milk complementation before the sixth month of life. These aspects were also observed: religious interference, opposition of ideas about breastfeeding, and family decisions based on the grandmother figure. Conclusion Through knowledge, attitudes and practices, grandmothers, central figures in breastfeeding support, support their daughters and daughters-in-law in breastfeeding or discourage breastfeeding with contrary opinions and inadequate guidance.

COVID-19 and the production of knowledge regarding recommendations during pregnancy: a scoping review.

Abstract: Objective to map the production of knowledge regarding recommendations for providing care to pregnant women dealing with the novel coronavirus Method scoping review, using a broadened strategy to search databases and repositories, as well as the reference lists in the sources used Data were collected and analyzed by two independent reviewers Data were analyzed and synthesized in the form of a narrative Results the final sample was composed of 24 records, the content of which was synthesized in these conceptual categories: clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, working pregnant women, vaccine development, complications, prenatal care, vertical transmission, and placental transmissibility It is recommended to confirm pregnancy and disease early on, to use technological resources for screening and providing guidance and support to pregnant women Conclusion recommendations emphasize isolation, proper rest, sleep, nutrition, hydration, medications, and in the more severe cases, oxygen support, monitoring of vital signs, emotional support, and multiprofessional and individualized care Medications should be used with caution due to a lack of evidence Future research is needed to analyze the impact of the infection at the beginning of pregnancy and the psychological aspects of pregnant women infected with the virus

Work environment factors in coping with patient death among Spanish nurses: a cross-sectional survey.

Abstract: Objective: to explore self-perception competence among Spanish nurses dealing with patient death and its relationship with work environment, evidence-based practice, and occupational stress. Method: a cross-sectional web-based survey collected information from a convenience sample of 534 nurses from professional Spanish Colleges who answered four validated questionnaires: Coping with Death Scale, Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, Perception of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) and Nursing Stress Scale. Results: a total of 79% of the participants were women, the average age was 40 years old, 38% had a postgraduate degree and 77% worked in public health settings. Many nurses evaluated their work environment as unfavorable (66%), reported high occupational stress (83.5±14.9), and had high scores on knowledge/skills in EBP (47.9±11.3). However, 61.2% of them perceived an optimal coping (>157 score). The multivariate logistic model indicated positive associations with work environment and EBP characteristics (OR: 1.30, p=0.054; OR: 1.04, p=0.007; OR: 1.13, p<0.001, respectively) but negative associations with occupational stress and short work experience (OR: 0.98, p=0.0043; OR: 0.74, p<0.002, respectively). These factors explained 23.1% of the coping variance (p<0.001). Conclusion: although most nurses perceived optimal coping, the situation could be enhanced by modifying several contextual factors. The identification of these factors would improve the quality of end-of-life care by facilitating nursing management.

Association between moral distress and supporting elements of moral deliberation in nurses

Abstract: Objective: to identify the association between moral distress and the supporting elements of moral deliberation in Brazilian nurses. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with Brazilian nurses working in health services at different complexity levels. The research protocol consisted of the Brazilian Scale of Moral Distress in Nurses, a sociodemographic and labor questionnaire, and a list of bases and ethical elements used for moral deliberation. For analysis, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and Poisson regression were used. Results: 1,226 nurses took part in the study. The 12 elements associated with the moral deliberation process were classified as important for nurses’ actions, especially the professional experience acquired, code of ethics/law of professional practice, and ethical and bioethical principles. The relationship of moral distress showed higher prevalence in the Beliefs, culture and values of the patient, Beliefs and personal values, and Intuition and Subjectivity elements. Conclusion: the results showed a balance between the subjective criteria of professional experience and the objective ones of deontology for moral deliberation.

Desafios de profissionais de Enfermagem Pediátrica frente à pandemia da COVID-19

Abstract: Objetivo identificar os desafios de profissionais de Enfermagem Pediatrica frente a pandemia da COVID-19. Metodo pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de formulario eletronico semiestruturado entre profissionais de Enfermagem que atuam em unidades pediatricas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram submetidos a analise lexicografica, com o auxilio do software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, pelo metodo de Nuvem de Palavras e Analise de Similitude. Resultados distintos desafios referentes a pandemia da COVID-19 foram relatados, dentre eles, a promocao de uma assistencia integral e de qualidade frente a preocupacao quanto a protecao de si e do outro, com destaque para o sentimento de medo. A falta de equipamentos de protecao individual, treinamentos, testes diagnosticos e conhecimentos/informacoes relacionados a doenca, o numero reduzido de profissionais de Enfermagem e a desvalorizacao da categoria tambem foram sinalizados. Conclusao e primordial a adocao de diretrizes gerenciais para a adequada alocacao de recursos humanos e materiais na area da saude, inclusive, nos servicos pediatricos, incluindo treinamentos sobre as precaucoes-padrao. Alem disso, sao essenciais acoes de incentivo, valorizacao, motivacao e apoio a equipe de Enfermagem, durante e apos a pandemia, para proteger a saude fisica e mental desses profissionais.

200 Years of Florence and the challenges of nursing practices management in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract: Objetivo analisar os principais desafios da enfermagem no enfrentamento do Coronavirus Disease-19 sob a perspectiva de enfermeiros gestores na macrorregiao oeste de Santa Catarina. Metodo trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas com enfermeiros representantes da gestao da rede de atencao a saude da regiao. A tecnica de analise utilizada foi o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados o legado de Florence Nightingale para a pratica da enfermagem contemporânea; as fragilidades e a capacidade tecnica e operacional com a qual se depara a enfermagem no Sistema Unico de Saude; as estrategias para o fortalecimento do Sistema Unico de Saude e qualificacao das praticas de enfermagem; e as potencialidades identificadas na conjuntura da pandemia foram ideias centrais que emergiram. No ano do bicentenario de Florence Nightingale, os enfermeiros reconhecem seu legado para a pratica e gestao em saude publica. Sao inumeras as variaveis que interferem na pratica profissional, nos aspectos epidemiologicos, nas condicoes de trabalho e na gestao do cuidado frente a pandemia. Conclusao a situacao de pandemia tem elevado a enfermagem a uma posicao de protagonismo pratico e cientifico pela proatividade e capacidade de lideranca na busca de saberes fundamentados em evidencias cientificas.

Leadership and job satisfaction in the Mobile Emergency Care Service context

Abstract: Objetivo: evaluar la correlacion entre la practica del Coaching de Liderazgo ejercida por los coordinadores de enfermeria y la satisfaccion laboral, en la autopercepcion de los coordinadores y en la percepcion de los tecnicos de enfermeria del Servicio Movil de Atencion de Emergencia. Metodo: estudio descriptivo y correlacional que utilizo el Cuestionario de Autopercepcion del Enfermero en el Ejercicio de Liderazgo para medir la autopercepcion de liderazgo de los once coordinadores de enfermeria y el Cuestionario de Percepcion de Tecnico/ Asistente de Enfermeria en el Ejercicio de Liderazgo para verificar la percepcion de 155 tecnicos. Por otra parte, el Job Satisfaction Survey evaluo la satisfaccion laboral en ambas categorias. Las correlaciones entre los dominios de los instrumentos se determinaron mediante la prueba de Spearman (p<0,05), y se analizo su poder de asociacion. Resultados: El ejercicio de Coaching de Liderazgo se correlaciono con la satisfaccion laboral (p-valor=0,001), tanto en la autopercepcion de los coordinadores de enfermeria, con una alta correlacion (coeficiente de Spearman - 0,835), como en la percepcion de los tecnicos de enfermeria, con asociacion moderada (coeficiente de Spearman - 0,678). Conclusion: el Coaching de Liderazgo se correlaciono positivamente con la satisfaccion en el trabajo, marcada por la confianza mutua, la interaccion continua entre el lider (enfermero) y dirigidos (personal de enfermeria) y la busqueda de desarrollo profesional y personal.

Psychosocial factors and Burnout Syndrome among mental health professionals.

Abstract: Objective: to identify biopsychosocial factors at work associated with the Burnout Syndrome in mental health professionals. Method: a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach conducted with a sample of 293 mental health service workers from the public network of a municipality in the inland of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. An instrument composed of three self-administered questionnaires was applied, namely: biosocial data form, the Job Stress Scale (JSS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI- HSS). The data were analyzed through the application of the Chi-squared and logistic regression tests, with the adoption of a 5% significance level. Results: Burnout Syndrome prevalence was 7% with a predominance of nursing professionals and was associated with the work sector, the use of psychotropic drugs, low satisfaction with the manager and with the low control over the work activity. Among the professionals with Burnout Syndrome, twelve performed functions considered of high wear, six performed passive work and two were in low wear activity. Conclusion: low control was the main psychosocial factor at work associated with Burnout Syndrome, making it necessary to develop actions that promote worker autonomy and improve the management of stress-triggering psychosocial factors.

Cloth face masks to prevent Covid-19 and other respiratory infections

Abstract: Objective to analyze scientific evidence on the efficacy of cloth masks in preventing COVID-19 and other respiratory infections. Method integrative literature review based on the following guiding question: What is the efficacy of cloth face masks in absorbing particles that cause respiratory infection? The search was conducted in eight electronic databases, without any restriction in terms of language or period. Results low coverage cloth face masks made of 100% cotton, scarf, pillowcase, antimicrobial pillowcase, silk, linen, tea towel, or vacuum bag, present marginal/reasonable protection against particles while high coverage cloth masks provide high protection. Conclusion cloth face masks are a preventive measure with moderate efficacy in preventing the dissemination of respiratory infections caused by particles with the same size or smaller than those of SARS-CoV-2. The type of fabric used, number of layers and frequency of washings influence the efficacy of the barrier against droplets.

Sensory and cognitive functions, gait ability and functionality of older adults

Abstract: Objetivo: conhecer a relacao entre a funcao sensorial, capacidade de caminhar e funcao cognitiva com dependencia em idosos. Metodo: estudo transversal descritivo, com a participacao de 146 idosos. Medicoes: Carta de Snellen, audiometro, testes de estereognosia, monofilamento de Semmes-Weinstein, aromas e sabores basicos, sistema GAITRite, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test e indice de Barthel e Lawton e Brody. Resultados: funcao sensorial, funcao cognitiva e caminhar explicam 25% de dependencia de atividades basicas da vida diaria e 21% de dependencia de atividades instrumentais da vida diaria. As variaveis que influenciam a dependencia de atividades basicas foram: paladar (p=0,029), velocidade de caminhar (p=0,009), cadencia (p=0,002) e comprimento do passo (p=0,001), e nas atividades instrumentais, velocidade de caminhar (p=0,049), cadencia (p=0,028) e comprimento do passo (p=0,010). Conclusao: velocidade de caminhar, cadencia e comprimento do passo sao variaveis que influenciam a dependencia de atividades basicas e instrumentais da vida cotidiana.

Analysis of the work environment and intention of perioperative nurses to quit work

Abstract: Objetivo: investigar como o ambiente laboral perioperatorio afeta a insatisfacao laboral, a exaustao profissional e a percepcao da qualidade do cuidado sobre a intencao de abandonar o trabalho, das enfermeiras perioperatorias. Metodo: estudo transversal com 130 enfermeiras que trabalham na area cirurgica de um hospital universitario publico espanhol de alta tecnologia. Foi utilizada a escala do ambiente da pratica de enfermagem, o inventario de burnout de Maslach, as perguntas sobre a satisfacao laboral, a percepcao da qualidade do cuidado e a intencao de abandonar o trabalho, para a coleta de dados. Foram realizadas estatisticas descritivas, inferenciais e de regressao logistica. Resultados: em geral, 20% das enfermeiras perioperatorias gostariam de abandonar o trabalho. A dimensao do ambiente laboral em relacao aos investimentos em pessoal e recursos, a insatisfacao e a exaustao emocional das enfermeiras foram os fatores preditores que indicaram a sua intencao de abandonar o trabalho. Conclusao: deve-se considerar implementar estrategias de retencao das enfermeiras perioperatorias, melhorando os fatores preditores que indicam, como o ambiente laboral, especialmente a dotacao de pessoal e os recursos, a insatisfacao e o esgotamento emocional. Criar ambientes de trabalho positivos, baseados nos valores magneticos, pode ser uma estrategia-chave.

Eficácia das terapias complementares no manejo da dor oncológica em cuidados paliativos: revisão sistemática

Abstract: Objective: to synthesize the knowledge and to critically evaluate the evidences arising from randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of the complementary therapies in the management of cancer pain in adult patients with cancer in palliative care. Method: a systematic review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The search for articles in the MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge, CENTRAL Cochrane, and PsycINFO databases, as well as the manual search, selection of studies, data extraction, and methodological assessment using the Cochrane Bias Risk tool were performed independently by two reviewers. Results: eight hundred and fifteen (815) studies were identified, six of them being selected and analyzed, of which three used massage therapy, one study used a combination of progressive muscle relaxation and guided imaging, and another two studies used acupuncture. Most of the studies had an uncertain risk of bias (n=4; 67%). Conclusion: while the evidence from the studies evaluating the use of massage therapy or the use of progressive muscle relaxation and guided imaging for the management of cancer pain in these patients demonstrated significant benefits, the other two studies that evaluated the use of acupuncture as a complementary therapy showed contradictory results, therefore, needing more research studies to elucidate such findings.

Qualidade de vida de pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise e fatores relacionados

Abstract: Objetivo: verificar la asociacion entre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los pacientes renales cronicos sometidos a hemodialisis con las caracteristicas sociodemograficas, clinicas, de depresion y de adhesion a la medicacion. Metodo: estudio transversal con 183 pacientes renales cronicos sometidos a hemodialisis en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Se utilizaron cuestionario sociodemografico y clinico, Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form, Inventario de Depresion de Beck y Escala de adhesion a la Medicacion Morisky - ocho items. Entre las variables, se evaluaron las comorbilidades, las complicaciones de la enfermedad renal y las complicaciones durante y despues de la hemodialisis. El analisis se realizo con estadistica descriptiva y analitica. Resultados: el 55.2% de los pacientes tenian 60 anos o mas, 35,0% eran hipertensos, con calidad de vida regular, promedio de 62.61. Puntuaciones por debajo del promedio en las dimensiones de calidad de vida se asociaron, principalmente, con infecciones repetitivas y edema como complicaciones de la enfermedad, dolor durante la hemodialisis y debilidad posterior. La baja adhesion a los medicamentos repercutio en una peor calidad de vida, afectando diez de las 20 dimensiones evaluadas y la depresion en todos, excepto la satisfaccion del paciente. Conclusion: la calidad de vida reducida en esta poblacion se asocia con sintomas depresivos, complicaciones como infecciones repetitivas, dolor y anemia, debilidad despues de la sesion de dialisis y baja adhesion a la medicacion. Las acciones dirigidas a cambiar estos factores pueden promover el bienestar.

Effect of income on the cumulative incidence of COVID-19: an ecological study.

Abstract: Objective to analyze the relationship between per capita income and the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the neighborhoods of the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Method an ecological study using neighborhoods as units of analysis The cumulative incidence rate per 100,000 inhabitants and the median of potential confounding variables (sex, race, and age) were calculated Multiple analysis included quantile regression, estimating the regression coefficients of the variable income for every five percentiles from the 10th to 90th percentiles to verify the relationship between income and incidence Results the city’s rate was 3658 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants In general, the highest rates were observed in the wealthiest regions Multiple analysis was consistent with this observation since the per capita income affected all percentiles analyzed, with a median regression coefficient of 002 (p-value <0001; R2 3293) That is, there is an increase of R$ 002 in the neighborhood’s per capita income for every unit of incidence Conclusion cumulative incident rates of COVID-19 are influenced by one’s neighborhood of residency, suggesting that access to testing is uneven