Showing papers in "Science in 1946"

On the Theory of Scales of Measurement

Abstract: The current issues will remain at 32 pages until we are assured of a more adequate supply ofpaper. Bacto-Agar is a purified Agar prepared from domestic material. In the manufacture of Bacto-Agar extraneous matter, pigmented portions, and salts are reduced to a minimum, so that the finished product in the form of fine granules will dissolve rapidly, giving clear solutions. Bacto-Asparagine Bacto-Asparagine is a purified amino acid widely used in synthetic culture media and in the preparation of tuberculin.

An Iron-binding Component in Human Blood Plasma.

Abstract: ScIENcE: A Weekly Journal, since 1900 the official organ Communications relative to advertising should be addressed of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. to THEO. J. CHRISTENSEN, 1515 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Published by the American Association for the Advancement Washington 5, D. C. of Science every Friday at Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Communications relative to membership In the Association and to all matters of business of the Association should be Communications relative to articles offered for publication addressed to the Administrative Secretary, AAAS, 1515 Masshould be addressed to Editor, 1515 Massachusetts Avenue, sachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington 5 D. C. N.W., Washington 5, D. C. Annual subscription, $7.50 Single copies, 25 cents Entered as second-class matter July 18, 1923 at the Post Office at Lancaster, Pa., under the Act of March 3, 1879. o n A pr il 8, 2 01 7

The transuranium elements

Abstract: The place of the very heaviest elements in the periodic system is of great scientific interest and is of crucial importance in understanding the physical and chemical properties of these elements. Ideas on this question have varied considerably over the years. Periodic charts have commonly placed thorium, protactinium, and uranium in positions immediately below the elements hafnium, tantalum, and tungsten. The latter group of elements are members of a transition series in which the 5d electron shell is being filled. Hence this earlier placement of the three heavy elements corresponded to the assumption that they are members of a 6d transition series. Indeed thorium, protactinium, and, to a much smaller extent, uranium do show considerable resemblance in chemical properties to the 4d and 5d transition series elements. The electronic configuration beyond the radon core on this basis would be written thus: thorium (6d 27s 2), protactinium (6d 37s 2), and uranium (6d 47s 2).

The Purification and Crystallization of Clostridium botulinum Type A Toxin

Abstract: SCIENCE: A Weekly Journal, since 1900 the official organ of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science every Friday at Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Communications relative to articles offered for publication should be addressed to Editor, Massachusetts and Nebraska Avenues, Washington 16, D. C. Inactivation of Penicillin by Zinc Salts: Hans Eisner and Bernardo Porzecanski ........................ A Note on Staining Plasmodia: A. W. Ratcliffe......... 629 630

Rapid Production of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Rhesus Monkeys by Injection of Brain Tissue With Adjuvants.

Abstract: Rapid production in the monkey of a pathological condition resembling acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, marked by demyelination, can be achieved by the use of adjuvants added to rabbit brain emulsions.

The multiple factor theory of the control of respiratory ventilation.

Abstract: This outstanding mathematics textbook, now in its second edition, combines analytic geometry and calculus in a simple and logical manner. The essentials of these subjects are thoroughly covered, yet the student is not burdened with a mass of easily forgotten detail. More than 1800 problems provide ample practice material. Among the many praiseworthy features of this distinctive book are the early introduction of calculus and the inclusion of vector analysis and complex numbers. Published May 1946.

Genes and Nucleoproteins in the Synthesis of Enzymes

Abstract: James Graham Chesnutt who won the $1,000 AAAS-George Westinghouse Science Writing Award for Newspapers as announced last week in Science. Mr. Chesnutt will be present at a luncheon in Boston 27 December to receive the award and a citation for accurate and readable scientific news reporting. The winning story, describing the work of Karl F. Meyer, director of the Hooper Foundation for Medical Research, University of California, on chemotherapy of Bubonic Plague, appeared in the Call-Bulletin, San Francisco, where Mr. Chesnutt is employed as a reporter and rewrite man. He was discharged from the Army last Spring with the rank of LieutenantColonel after having been with the Psychological Warfare Branch, SHAEF. After VE day he helped to reorganize the German press.

The Site of Action of DDT in the Cockroach.

Abstract: (1) Although DDT undoubtedly affects motor nerves and muscle fibers in concentrations greater than 1,000 ppm, this action cannot be directly responsible for the clonic tremors in the DDT-poisoned cockroach which can be produced by internal concentrations of the order of 5 ppm. (2) DDT has no significant action on the cockroach central nervous system. (3) DDT emulsion perfused through the leg of the cockroach in concentrations as low as 0.01 ppm causes the appearance of a series of high frequency trains of axon spikes in the afferent fibers. (4) It is concluded that the tremors characteristic of DDT poisoning are due to an intense afferent bombardment of the motor neurons.

Famine Edema and the Mechanism of Its Formation

Abstract: Famine edema was produced experimentally in 34 normal men who lost a quarter of their body weight while subsisting for 6 months on a European type of semi-starvation diet. The ratio of extracellular water to cellular tissue was roughly doubled. Their clinical state closely resembled that seen in Europe in 1945. There were no signs of renal or cardiac failure. The plasma protein concentration fell only slightly and the A/G ratio remained within normal limits. The venous pressure was roughly 50 per cent below normal. Data from the field lend support to these indications that famine edema is not simply a result of hypoproteinemia or of renal or cardiac failure. It is concluded that there is a dynamic nonequilibrium state of the capillary wall and, accordingly, calculations from equilibrium equations are inadmissible.

Thiamine Deficiency and High Estrogen Findings in Uterine Cancer and in Menorrhagia

Abstract: The finding of abnormal estrogenic activity coupled with thiamine deficiency in cases of menorrhagia and uterine cancer suggests a possible etiological correlation between the dietary deficiency, the abnormal estrogen level, and the pathological lesion. The specific element deficient in these cases was thiamine, while the other B factors were normal. Preliminary report of the evidence is made in this small series while more extensive studies on a large series of cases are being pursued. Cornification in cytology smears was used to study estrogenic activity, since the present study was prompted by cytological findings; the method is simple, practical, and reasonably accurate. The urinary estimation measures only the amount excreted, and if liver impairment actually is present, the quantity excreted would not give a true index of the amount retained in the body. Further studies are being undertaken in which estrogenic, urinary, and cornification levels are being compared before and after thiamine administration in cases proven to be deficient.