Showing papers in "Technology in Society in 2013"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have formalized the frugal-innovation process based on examples covered in this effort and also examined their disruptiveness vis-a-vis other innovations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the local bottom-up dynamics of challenging the growth of a bioeconomy in Argentina and demonstrate that by implementing diverse and innovative collective strategies as well as promoting the creation of new scientific data, affected populations can achieve some degree of influence on decisions regarding risk.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the growing phenomenon of university-industry (U-I) collaboration in high-tech strategic projects in China and found that U-I collaboration is established and encouraged due to factors such as: R&D tendency, R&DI risks, and state incentives.

TL;DR: This article develops and examines the Inclusive and Integrated Health Facilities Design model (In2Health Design model) and its foundations, which brings together three existing approaches: the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, the Model of Integrated Building Design, and the ontology by Dooyeweerd.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the expansion of genetically modified soy in Argentina and aim to figure out how the neoliberal "globalized privatization regime" unfolded in a peripheral location, pointing at two inherent contradictions with such a regime's main tenets, namely that it needs a weak antitrust policy (thus leading to a market situation dominated by a monopoly of transnational companies) and a hyperrestrictive system of intellectual property.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify three levels (core, ecosystem, and anatomy) within the innovation system: core level, communication and interaction between domestic technology developers and users have to be intensified; ecosystem level, it is more complicated for creating a favorable atmosphere for nurturing an effective and productive innovation system which will significantly contribute to economic growth and social welfare improvement.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore how teachers appropriate information and communication technology (ICT) policy to influence teaching and learning in South African schools and find that teachers should be encouraged to form ICT communities of practice to support their teaching practice and foster policy implementation.

TL;DR: In this paper, a critical case study of the life cycle of a cell phone was carried out in Manado, a medium-sized provincial capital in Indonesia, which has received government awards for its waste management.

TL;DR: The paradigm shift from the traditional software model to the ASP model is examined, the favorable and unfavorable trends in ASPs are explored, and a methodology for better IT decision-making with regard to ASPs is developed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a novel methodological approach that uses the AHP method to analyze the innovation activities of governments, universities, research institutes, and firms, and then uses cluster analysis to analyse the four actors of each region.

TL;DR: It is concluded from the complex problem solving perspective that a consideration of climate engineering in the context of climate change can provide a dangerous illusion of controllability.

TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual multifaceted framework comprehensively explores a broader scope of sustainable product development, mainly from the pragmatic standpoint of systems engineering in comparison to the contemporary evaluation and development approaches.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the reasons behind the high failure rates of hand pumps from a technology transfer perspective, by examining the existing hand pump technology transfer practices and procedures in Swaziland where over 3000 hand pumps were installed and about 60% are not working.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparative-historical analysis of IP regimes in South American soybean agriculture (Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay) from the 1970s to the present is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, a special issue explores cases from Latin American countries, studied in comparison to global trends in the arenas of public participation, scientific knowledge production, regulation and governance, showing that the top-down circulation of policy narratives on biotechnology is challenged, complemented and even partly undermined by local bottom-up dynamics.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the development and function of GMOs' regulatory framework in Argentina, comparing it with Europe and showing how commercial interests in agriculture may explain each regulatory approach.

TL;DR: In this paper, a real-time, practice-oriented, and place-based approach is employed to dissect the process of nanotechnology innovation in support of novel governance schemes, finding that actors follow preconceived mental models of innovation with the primary objective to deploy profitable commercial or military products.

TL;DR: In this paper, the mediator concept is used to explain sociotechnical change in Swedish mediating organizations in different sectors at different time periods: the half state/half industry funded Research Institute for Water and Air Protection, IVL, in the 1960s and 70s; and the Swedish Urban Network Association, SUNA in the early years of the 21st century.

TL;DR: Based on fieldwork in China and secondary research, the authors examines the commercialization of nanotechnology in China from the intertwined perspectives of academia-industry relations, government support and policy, role of venture capital, and international connections, while also taking into account the views of Chinese nanoscientists.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the promise of tackling dengue, through technical and scientific arguments, becomes connected to political discourse about the welfare and "progress" of Brazil as a nation.

TL;DR: In this article, a naturalistic study of a state university in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia was conducted to understand the social fabric that shapes the way educational technologies are constructed at the institutional level in a specific social context.

TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that dependencies and potential negative effects should be, and can be, included in the framing of new technologies, and a template is provided to summarize big picture innovation framing.

TL;DR: The empirical analysis finds a dramatic increase in the number of university patents after 2002, and the cross-national citation behavior of university research would be worthwhile for conceptualizing transnational innovation networks in future studies.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the case of the emergent controversy over GMOs in Chile and examine how a key sector in the debate frames its evidences regarding GMOs, what type of trials they mobilize, and which political strategies are fleshed out.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare the ways in which novel genetically modified (GM) crop artefacts, related devices and techniques, actors, practices, and institutions have been linked together, or configured, across two distinctive cotton production systems in north east Argentina, one based around large scale farming and the other based around small-scale family farming.

TL;DR: In developing countries today, social attitudes toward technology exhibit a more positive appreciation than is often the case in the developed world as mentioned in this paper, and technology is seen as fundamentally good because of its ability simultaneously to reduce the burden of human labor and to increase productivity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the timing of a new technology's economic feasibility using a simple yet novel approach, which enables them to do so using existing technological trends in the components that form a new system's system.

TL;DR: In this article, a model of knowledge exchange by informal interaction among agents in a low-technology cluster is proposed, and the authors test whether the small-world network structure is the most favorable for knowledge exchanges in these environments, and explore the influence of social relations and network distance on magnitude and equity of knowledge diffused.