Showing papers in "Trends in Neurosciences in 1978"

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of very elegant experiments have succeeded in dissecting apart the various types of neurones involved in feeding behavior, and in doing so, has provided intriguing information as to the separate roles of these different neurones.

TL;DR: Research on pain in the trigeminal area is currently very active and many of the anatomical and physiological investigators were present at a Symposium on the subject organized by the Oral Biology Group at Bristol University, presenting an overview of on-going research in the area.

TL;DR: It seems that octopamine may play an important role as a neuromodulator, or even neurotransmitter, in the equivalent of the sympathetic nervous system in invertebrate species, in a similar way to the actions of noradrenaline in higher species, and is therefore probably not ‘just a metabolic mistake'.

TL;DR: It is found out how Deoxyglucose can be used to trace glucose metabolism and to measure the rates of glucose utilization simultaneously in all anatomical and functional components of the central nervous system.

TL;DR: The evidence is reviewed to suggest that just as male differentiation requires a steroidal trigger, so does female differentiation, and α-Foetoprotein, which has been considered to date to be protecting the male from the effects of maternal oestrogen, may in fact be doing the reverse, namely bringing oestrogens to the sites of female differentiation.

TL;DR: The electrochemical approach described here by Ralph Adams is a very limited but promising step in that direction in detecting continuously the ebb and flow of neurotransmitter species with a minimum of perturbation to the mammalian brain.

TL;DR: The involvement of acetylcholine in a chemical coupling between the axon and its Schwann cell appears to be involved in the mechanism behind this hyperpolarization.

TL;DR: The Trends in NeuroSciences (TWN) series as discussed by the authors provides an introductory background to the concept of, and principles for studies of, neurotransmitters, and, in doing so, has indicated some of the new ideas and insights which neurotransmitter research is engendering.

TL;DR: The evidence for dual processing at a neocortical as well as at a subcortical level for the sensory inputs from the taste system aswell as from the olfactory system is considered.

TL;DR: The pictures provided by John Heuser's very elegant quick-freezing technique provides evidence, he feels, that the transmittters are released principally from these vesicles, rather than from the surrounding cytoplasm.

TL;DR: The evidence is more strongly in favour of a membrane channel gating theory for the release of transmitter from the presynaptic cytoplasm, for which the vesicles serve as a reserve pool of transmitter.

TL;DR: This article considers the fluid environment of nervous tissue, separating the role of cerebrospinal fluid from that of extracellular fluid, and the transport of nutrients into the neurone from both its fluid and its cellular environment.

TL;DR: The actions of the steroid sex-hormones on nervous tissue are considered from a molecular and from a more global viewpoint, finding the convolutions through which Nature twists itself to make the male male and the female female.

TL;DR: Details of one such test-system, together with the information that this animal-model is bringing to light concerning the endogenous mechanisms by which anxiety is induced, and how the anxiolytic drugs overcome these internal mechanisms are learned.

TL;DR: Much of the evidence for the transfer of proteins from glia to axons is summarized in this article.

TL;DR: This article moves from an introduction to the origins and bases of circadian rhythms to a consideration of what it is inside the cell which provides the endogenous clockwork — does it involve protein synthesis mechanisms, controlled membrane gating activity, or sequential transcription from DNA, or a combination of each of these?

TL;DR: The blue spot in the brainstem, the locus coeruleus, may play an important role in the memory of events which have survival value, and appears to convey plasticity to the cortex until, as John Pettigrew proposes, such time as the serotonergic output from the raphe nuclei develops sufficiently to override these plastic effects.

TL;DR: The elegant studies from which the evidence for the existence and pathways of efferent and afferent neural connections between the ovary and hypothalamus are derived are described, and the role which these pathways have to play in gonadal-hypothalamic feedback is described.

TL;DR: The use of the local injection of kainic acid as a new technique for studying neuronal connections in the brain is described, together with an insight into the way this compound carries out its actions.

TL;DR: Except when used in the highly restricted sense of a name for an as yet undiscovered brain disease, schizophrenia is not a medical but a moral problem.

TL;DR: This article finds out the influence which these processes have, from determining whether the nerve will be adrenergic or cholinergic in nature to what will be the specific destination of any single nerve fibre.

TL;DR: In recent years, the evidence has been strengthening in favour of a direct nervous input to the ovary which modulates the humoral hormonal stimulus for ovulation.

TL;DR: To understand the meaning, and the multiple overlapping meanings, of the term "schizophrenia'.

TL;DR: In this article, the association of this disease with decreased levels of certain neurotransmitters in these parts of the brain was described, and the intriguing correlation between the occurrence of this disorder and the presence of an antineuronal antibody in Huntington patients was also presented.

TL;DR: New approaches now indicate that muscle receptors have an important role to play in kinaesthesia, possibly playing a role previously attributed to many of the joint receptors.

TL;DR: Although morphine and related compounds have been used as drugs for many centuries, it is only in the last few years that an endogenous material has been discovered in the nervous system which appears capable of occupying opiate receptor sites as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: This paper discovers how the bat analyses the reflections of its own vocalizations through ‘tonotopic’ and ‘amplitopic” representations L, specific areas of its auditory cortex, and insight into how the animal uses its cortical processing to obtain information concerning the importance of a specified ‘target’ so that it may alter its behavioural strategy appropriately.