Showing papers in "Water Science and Technology in 2009"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present some guidelines for biomethane potential assays prepared by the Task Group for the Anaerobic Biodegradation, Activity and Inhibition Assays of the International Water Association.

TL;DR: The aim of this research is to assist urban water managers with understanding the scope of the hydro-social contracts currently operating across cities in order to determine the capacity development and cultural reform initiatives needed to effectively expedite the transition to more sustainable water management and ultimately to Water Sensitive Cities.

TL;DR: An overview of the emerging research and practice focused on system resilience and principles of sustainable urban water management is provided and examples from Australia and Singapore are presented.

TL;DR: Evaluation of the typology in relation to capacity building suggests that these systemic issues require a sophisticated programme of change that focuses on fostering social capital, inter-sectoral professional development, and inter-organisational coordination.

TL;DR: The costs for recovered phosphate exceed the costs for phosphate from rock phosphate by several times, and for German conditions, the specific additional costs of wastewater treatment by integrating phosphorus recovery can be estimated at euro2-6 per capita and year.

TL;DR: The methodology developed distinguishes different characteristics at each identified spatial scale, thus allowing a more in-depth analysis and interpretation of local indicators, which leads to some interesting observations on how flood vulnerability can be reflected by quantifiable indicators across scales.

TL;DR: The presence of these compounds in the tap water, surface water and animal and human tissues indicates their global contamination and bioaccumulative phenomena in the ecosystems.

TL;DR: The pragmatic approach adopted provides an efficient tool to manage risks related to pharmaceuticals and provides assistance for selecting compounds for future studies.

TL;DR: The concentration of NO and N(2)O in the off-gas of the single-stage nitritation-anammox reactor was rather dynamic and clearly responded to operational variations, which exemplifies the need for time-dependent measurement of noxious gas emission from bioreactors for reliable emission estimates.

TL;DR: Halogenated DBP yields were greater during the application of free chlorine, however chloramination produced significant levels of halogenated N-DBPs for some isolates, and results indicated that nitrogen-enriched DOM resulted in increased yields of the other N- DBPs studied.

TL;DR: Not only free ammonia affects the methanogenic fermentation but also ammonium ion concentration, and 50% inhibition of biomethane production was observed under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.

TL;DR: The experiments showed that turbidity Removal is influenced by the initial turbidity since the lowest turbidity removal was observed at 50 NTU, whilst the highest of 99.8% was obtained at 450 NTU.

TL;DR: Charge reversal will be a more serious problem than oxygen intrusion into the anode chamber for sustained performance of MFCs, indicating substantial damage to the bacteria that required re-growth of bacteria in the biofilm.

TL;DR: The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of two variables influencing the apparent losses: water meter age and the private storage tank effect on meter performance, and demonstrates that the impact on apparent losses from the meter starting flow rapidly increases with meter age.

TL;DR: The main objective of CWM1 is to predict effluent concentrations from constructed wetlands without predicting gaseous emissions, which is applicable to both horizontal and vertical flow systems.

TL;DR: It is suggested thatSilver nanoparticles have the same behaviour of surface complexation as silver ions, and inhibition by nanosilver in wastewater treatment may be removed by reaction of silver nanoparticles with soluble sulfide species.

TL;DR: The pollutant removal performance of three separate stormwater biofiltration systems in two different climates was assessed and it was determined that volumetric reductions in runoff further improved pollutant Removal.

TL;DR: For most of the antibiotics removal efficiency was higher in A2O and AO based secondary treatment process than CAS process and even at the same concentration, antibiotics in mixed condition had higher inhibition effects than individuals.

TL;DR: There will be an increase of the intensity of extreme events generally in Europe; Scandinavia will experience the highest increase and southern Europe the lowest, which implies that European urban drainage systems will be challenged in the future.

TL;DR: A simple case-study assessing the effect of temperature on an anaerobic CSTR performance indicated that with relatively simple substrates, like starch, the limiting reaction would change depending on temperature, but when more complex substrates are used, the hydrolysis might become more quickly into the limiting step.

TL;DR: A structure for identifying the sources of uncertainty introduced during each step of an engineering project concerned with model-based design or optimisation of a wastewater treatment system is proposed.

TL;DR: A case study indicates that urban drainage infrastructure capacity should be upgraded while there is currently no economic incentive to improve protection against sea surges.

TL;DR: The results of sludge solubilisation after the sonication treatment indicate that, applying identical specific energy, it is better to increase the power than the residence time.

TL;DR: This study presents a new catalogue of field data on methane formation in rising main sewerage systems and proposes an empirically-fitted, theoretical model to predict dissolved methane concentrations, based upon the independent variables of pipeline geometry and hydraulic retention time, which provides a means for water authorities to estimate the methane emissions from other pressurised sewerages of similar characteristics.

TL;DR: Key results indicate that while people hold both positive and negative beliefs about water from alternative sources, nearly all of them are willing to drink it if the water crisis were to deteriorate further.

TL;DR: A systematic approach to developing decision support systems is explored, which includes the analysis of the treatment problem(s), knowledge acquisition and representation, and the identification and evaluation of criteria controlling the selection of optimal treatment systems.

TL;DR: Results suggest that the new type of ion exchange media investigated has high potential for the removal and recovery of phosphate from wastewater streams, and the small volume of regenerant required translates to a very small operational footprint.

TL;DR: The presented results show the applicability of rapidly settling granular biomass for one-stage partial nitritation and anammox in the OLAND process.

TL;DR: This paper deals with the global control of the Riera Blanca catchment in the Barcelona sewer network using a predictive optimal control approach and results obtained are very satisfactory compared to those obtained using the local control.

TL;DR: The proposed model and methods were applied for the cost-benefit evaluation of a decentralized water reclamation and reuse project in a newly developed residential area in Xi'an, China, and the system with dual-pipe collection and grey water treatment and reuse was found to be economically ineligible.