Journal ArticleDOI
A review of antibiotic resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Europe.
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TLDR
In this paper, a close relationship has been found between the yearly rate of aminopenicillin consumption and penicillin resistance, and high level resistance (MIC greater than or equal to 1 mg/L) has developed against a previous background of low level resistance.Abstract:
Streptococcus pneumoniae no longer has predictable antibiotic susceptibility There are two areas of high prevalence of resistance (over 25%) to beta-lactam antibiotics in the South-West and North-East of Europe In Spain, a close relationship has been found between the yearly rate of aminopenicillin consumption and penicillin resistance High level resistance (MIC greater than or equal to 1 mg/L) has developed against a previous background of low level resistance The serotypes involved in penicillin resistance in Spain are widespread in other countries Macrolide resistance is high in France (over 15%) and is also increasing in other countries All these resistant isolates remain susceptible to the most recent fluoroquinolones, such as temafloxacin Prospective surveillance, more rational use of antibiotics and a diversification of antibiotic use in respiratory tract infections may serve to limit the threat of antibiotic resistance in S pneumoniaeread more
Citations
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The Effect of Changes in the Consumption of Macrolide Antibiotics on Erythromycin Resistance in Group A Streptococci in Finland
Helena Seppälä,Timo Klaukka,Jaana Vuopio-Varkila,Anna Muotiala,Hans Helenius,Katrina Lager,Pentti Huovinen +6 more
TL;DR: In Finland, after nationwide reductions in the use of macrolide antibiotics for outpatient therapy, there was a significant decline in the frequency of erythromycin resistance among group A streptococci isolated from throat swabs and pus samples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin and mortality from severe pneumococcal pneumonia in Barcelona, Spain.
Roman Pallares,Josefina Liñares,Miquel Vadillo,Carmen Cabellos,Frederic Manresa,Pedro F. Viladrich,Rogelio Martín,Francesc Gudiol +7 more
TL;DR: Current levels of resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin by S. pneumoniae are not associated with increased mortality in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, and these antibiotics remain the therapy of choice for this disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Abolishment of the Use of Antimicrobial Agents for Growth Promotion on Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal Enterococci from Food Animals in Denmark
Frank Møller Aarestrup,Anne Mette Seyfarth,Hanne-Dorthe Emborg,Karl Pedersen,Rene S. Hendriksen,Flemming Bager +5 more
TL;DR: It was shown that, in GRE from pigs, the genes encoding macrolide and glycopeptide resistance were genetically linked and that, following the decrease in the use of tylosin during 1998 and 1999, the occurrence of GRE in pigs decreased to 6.0% in 2000.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low Dosage and Long Treatment Duration of β-Lactam: Risk Factors for Carriage of Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae
Didier Guillemot,Claude Carbon,Beverley Balkau,Pierre Geslin,Hervé Lecoeur,Vauzelle-Kervroëdan F,Gilles Bouvenot,Eveline Eschwège +7 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that a low daily dose and a long duration of treatment with an oral beta-lactam contribute to the selective pressure in promoting pharyngeal carriage of penicillin-resistant S pneumoniae.
Journal ArticleDOI
Management of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae
TL;DR: Recently, resistance to and clinical failure of the extended-spectrum cephalosporins ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in the treatment of pneumococcal meningitis have been noted in Spain and the United States.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics.
TL;DR: The geographic distribution of pneumococci resistant to one or more of the antibiotics penicillin, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline appears to be expanding, and there exist foci of resistance to chloramphenicol and rifampin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Horizontal transfer of penicillin-binding protein genes in penicillin-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Christopher G. Dowson,Agnes Hutchison,James A. Brannigan,R C George,David Hansman,Josefina Linares,Alexander Tomasz,John Maynard Smith,Brian G. Spratt +8 more
TL;DR: The origins of penicillin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae are investigated by comparing the sequences of the transpeptidase domain of PBP2B from 6 peniillin-sensitive and 14 penicillus- resistant strains and it is shown that S. pneumoniae is genetically very uniform.
Journal ArticleDOI
Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Causing Systematic Infections in Spain, 1979-1989
TL;DR: The prevalence of pneumococcal resistance in Spain is, as far as the authors know, among the highest published to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
Penicillin-resistant viridans streptococci have obtained altered penicillin-binding protein genes from penicillin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Christopher G. Dowson,Agnes Hutchison,Neil Woodford,Alan P. Johnson,R C George,Brian G. Spratt +5 more
TL;DR: Penicillin resistance in S. oralis has also probably arisen by horizontal transfer of this variant form of the class B mosaic PBP2B gene from a penicillin-resistant strain of S. pneumoniae.
Journal ArticleDOI
Penicillin-binding protein families: evidence for the clonal nature of penicillin resistance in clinical isolates of pneumococci.
TL;DR: Using PBP profiles, serotypes, and antibiotic resistance patterns, as well as data on isolation dates and sites, it was identified at least three groups of resistant strains that showed clear indication of clonal origin.