Journal ArticleDOI
A trophic state index for lakes1
TLDR
A numerical trophic state index for lakes has been developed that incorporates most lakes in a scale of 0 to 100, which represents a doubling in algal biomass as well as various measures of biomass or production.Abstract:
A numerical trophic state index for lakes has been developed that incorporates most lakes in a scale of 0 to 100. Each major division ( 10, 20, 30, etc. ) represents a doubling in algal biomass. The index number can bc calculated from any of several parameters, including Secchi disk transparency, chlorophyll, and total phosphorus. My purpose here is to present a new approach to the trophic classification of lakes. This new approach was developed because of frustration in communicating to the public both the current nature or status of lakes and their future condition after restoration when the traditional trophic classification system is used. The system presented hcrc, termed a trophic state index (TSI), involves new methods both of defining trophic status and of determining that status in lakes. All trophic classification is based on the division of the trophic continuum, howcvcr this is defined, into a series of classes termed trophic states. Traditional systems divide the continuum into three classes: oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and cutrophic. There is often no clear delineation of these divisions. Determinations of trophic state are made from examination of several diverse criteria, such as shape of the oxygen curve, species composition of the bottom fauna or of the phytoplankton, conccntrations of nutrients, and various measures of biomass or production. Although each changes from oligotrophy to eutrophy, the changes do not occur at sharply defined places, nor do they all occur at the same place or at the same rate. Some lakes may be considered oligotrophic by one criterion and eutrophic by another; this problem isread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of Chlorophyll-a Concentration and the Trophic State of the Barra Bonita Hydroelectric Reservoir Using OLI/Landsat-8 Images
Fernanda Sayuri Yoshino Watanabe,Enner Alcântara,Thanan Rodrigues,Nilton Nobuhiro Imai,Claudio Clemente Faria Barbosa,Luiz Rotta +5 more
TL;DR: Evaluated performance of images of the sensor Operational Land Imager onboard the Landsat-8 satellite in determining Chl-a concentrations and estimating the trophic level in a tropical reservoir showed reasonable results, but their performance was likely impaired by the atmospheric correction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methane and carbon dioxide emissions from 40 lakes along a north–south latitudinal transect in Alaska
Armando Sepulveda-Jauregui,K. M. Walter Anthony,Karla Martinez-Cruz,Karla Martinez-Cruz,Samuel M. Greene,Frederic Thalasso,Frederic Thalasso +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assessed the relationship between CH4 and CO2 emission modes in 40 lakes along a latitudinal transect in Alaska to lakes' physicochemical properties and geographic characteristics, including permafrost soil type surrounding lakes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystems, paleoecology and human disturbance in subtropical and tropical america
Michael W. Binford,Mark Brenner,Thomas J. Whitmore,Antonia Higuera-Gundy,Edward S. Deevey,Barbara W. Leyden +5 more
TL;DR: This article examined the paleoecology of a series of lake-drainage basin ecosystems that have been subject to disturbances which vary through time and space, and found that human activities have increased the movement of materials from the catchment to the lake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulated long-term temperature and dissolved oxygen characteristics of lakes in the north-central United States and associated fish habitat limits
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used lake surface area, maximum lake depth, and Secchi depth as independent variables to determine the length of good growth periods and the relative lake volumes available for good growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strength and uncertainty of phytoplankton metrics for assessing eutrophication impacts in lakes
Laurence Carvalho,Sandra Poikane,A. Lyche Solheim,Geoff Phillips,Gábor Borics,Jordi Catalan,C. de Hoyos,Stina Drakare,Bernard Dudley,Marko Järvinen,Christophe Laplace-Treyture,Kairi Maileht,Claire McDonald,Ute Mischke,Jannicke Moe,Giuseppe Morabito,Peeter Nõges,Tiina Nõges,Ingmar Ott,Agnieszka Pasztaleniec,Birger Skjelbred,Stephen J. Thackeray +21 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors integrated a large volume of work on a number of measures, or metrics, developed for using phytoplankton to assess the ecological status of European lakes, as required for the Water Framework Directive.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The phosphorus‐chlorophyll relationship in lakes1,2
P. J. Dillon,F. H. Rigler +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, data for summer chlorophyll and spring total phosphorus concentration were collected from 19 lakes in southern Ontario and combined with data reported in the literature for other North American lakes to produce a regression line that can be used to predict the average summer CHP from a single measurement of phosphorus concentration at spring overturn.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental control of photosynthesis in the sea
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical equation for the photosynthesis-light relation is developed which includes the effects of inhibition in intense light, assuming that phytoplankton adapts to seasonal light changes and that nutrient deficiency affects the carbon:chlorophyll ratio of natural phyto-ankton populations.
Journal Article
Primary production by phytoplankton community in some Japanese lakes and its dependence on lake depth
Journal ArticleDOI
Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Algae in Lake Washington after Diversion of Sewage
TL;DR: After diversion of sewage effluent from Lake Washington, winter concentrations of phosphate and nitrate decreased at different rates, but nitrate remained at more than 80 percent of the 1963 value and free carbon dioxide and alkalinity remained relatively high.