Journal ArticleDOI
Acute effects of insulin on fatty acid metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes.
TLDR
Evidence is presented that malonyl-CoA plays an important role in the insulin-mediated control of both ketogenesis and de novo fatty acid synthesis and all metabolic parameters studied are affected by glucagon in a manner opposite to that of insulin.Abstract:
Isolated rat hepatocytes, previously shown to display enhanced rates of fatty acid biosynthesis upon a brief exposure to insulin, were used to study acute effects of this hormone on other aspects of hepatic fatty acid metabolism. Insulin activates the incorporation of exogenously added fatty acids into glycerolipids and depresses their utilization in the formation of ketone bodies. Insulin increases both the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and the cellular content of malonyl-CoA. Evidence is presented that malonyl-CoA plays an important role in the insulin-mediated control of both ketogenesis and de novo fatty acid synthesis. All metabolic parameters studied are affected by glucagon in a manner opposite to that of insulin.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of dietary fish oil on the sensitivity of hepatic lipid metabolism to regulation by insulin.
TL;DR: It is concluded that chronic consumption of a particular type of dietary fat does not affect the insulin sensitivity of the major pathways of hepatic lipid metabolism in a consistent manner.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of ethanol feeding on the activity and regulation of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I.
Manuel Guzmán,Math J.H. Geelen +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that CPT-I may play a role in the generation of the ethanol-induced fatty liver through regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in cells derived from ethanol-fed rats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glucagon inhibits triacylglycerol synthesis in isolated hepatocytes by lowering their glycerol 3-phosphate content.
TL;DR: The hyperbolic-like relationship between glycerol 3-phosphate content and rates of triacylglycerol synthesis was identical in the absence or presence of glucagon, indicating that the glucagon effect on Triacyl Glycerol 2- phosphate synthesis was not mediated through changes in enzyme activities of the esterification pathway but through changesIn cellular glycerolic content.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fatty acid uptake and metabolism to ketone bodies and triacylglycerol in rat and human hepatocyte cultures is dependent on chain-length and degree of saturation Effects of carnitine and glucagon
Neil Emmison,Loranne Agius +1 more
TL;DR: Rat and human hepatocyte cultures were incubated with 5 common plasma longchain fatty acids and glucagon stimulated ketogenesis only in the presence of exogenous carnitine and rates of ketogenesis were higher from unsaturated compared to corresponding saturated fatty acids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of chronic insulin and glucagon exposure on the biosynthesis of glycerolipids by cultured hepatocytes.
R G Lamb,S J Bow,T O Wright +2 more
TL;DR: There was an excellent correlation (r greater than 0.93) between changes in glycerol kinase and sn-glycerol-3-P acyltransferase activity and the capacity of hepatocyte monolayers to incorporate labeled Glycerol into glycerlipids under all conditions studied, indicating that insulin and glucagon may regulate hepatic glycersolipid biosynthesis in part by maintaining the liver cell's enzymatic rate of glycerolipper biosynthesis.
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