Agglutinins and lysins in the molluscan family planorbidae: a survey of hemolymph, eggmases albumen-gland extracts
E.H. Michelson,Lorin Dubois +1 more
TLDR
There is evidence to suggest that the source and nature of agglutinins from Helisoma and Biomphalaria species are different and Lectins may be of some value in characterizing snail populations and as an aid in the taxonomic discrimination of species.Abstract:
1. Thirty-one strains representing eight species and four genera of the molluscan family Planorbidae were surveyed for the presence of hemagglutinins and hemolysins. Extracts prepared from albumen-glands and egg-masses, as well as hemolymph, were assayed by a micro-hemagglutination technique in which human erythrocytes were used as receptors.2. Hemagglutinins and hemolysins for human erythrocytes were not uniformily present in all members of the family and detection of these substances depended, in part, on the material tested.3. Neither heating to 56° C, dialysis, storage at -20° C for up to a year, nor repeated freezing and thawing appeared to effect the agglutinating activity of egg or albumen-gland extracts.4. Inhibition of the agglutinating activity of Helisoma hemolymph could be accomplished with N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine, but this sugar had no effect on the activity of Biomphalaria agglutinins.5. There is evidence to suggest that the source and nature of agglutinins from Helisoma and Biomphalaria sp...read more
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Schistosoma mansoni: cytotoxicity of hemocytes from susceptible snail hosts for sporocysts in plasma from resistant Biomphalaria glabrata.
TL;DR: Evidence is evaluated for the hypothesis that snail resistance is dependent upon the specificity of cytophilic factors present both in the plasma and on the hemocyte plasma membranes, and the nature of the plasma factor which facilitated damage by otherwise impotent hemocytes is discussed.
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Antibacterial activity of the hemolytic system from the earthworm Eisenia fetida andrei
Pierre Valembois,Pierre Valembois,Philippe Roch,Philippe Roch,Maguy Lassegues,Maguy Lassegues,Pierrette Cassand,Pierrette Cassand +7 more
TL;DR: The coelomic fluid and the cocoon albumen of the earthworm Eisenia fetida andrei are demonstrated to possess an antibacterial activity as discussed by the authors, which is only directed against the highly pathogenic soil bacteria, only these pathogenic bacteria strains possess at least one common antigen with the sheep red blood cells.
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The role of serum factors in phagocytosis of foreign particles by blood cells of the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis
TL;DR: Monolayers of blood cells (amoebocytes) of the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis were incubated in vitro in snail Ringer as well as in snail serum and showed that one or more serum factors promote recognition and subsequent phagocytosis of foreign particles by amoebocytes.
References
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A new source of antibody-like substances having anti-blood group specificity. A discussion on the specificity of Helix agglutinins.
TL;DR: A new source of agglutinins has been found in snails (albumin gland) and in many sorts of fish roe and different strains of bacterial microorganism, and reactions are not unspecific, but follow the rule of strong chemospecificity.
Journal Article
Blood Group Specific Agglutinins in Invertebrates
TL;DR: Agglutinins for human erythrocytes were found in five invertebrate phyla and one possible source of anti-M was identified.
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TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that, in spite of certain limitations, serologic techniques may serve as valuable adjuncts to the methods now employed by the molluscan taxonomist, and suggest that snails now assigned to the genus Lymnaea may, in fact, belong to more than one genus.
Journal Article
Agglutinins for Human Erythrocytes in Mollusks
TL;DR: The snail Otala lactea contains a powerful and specific anti-A agglutinin that precipitates promptly with blood group A substance prepared from hog gastric mucin.
Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: The pioneer study by Tyler of natural agglutinins in body fluids of invertebrates led to a number of investigations on blood group active substances present in these phyla, including those of Cheng and Sanders and of Cushing and colleagues3 on various mollusca.