Journal ArticleDOI
Ambush Foraging Entomopathogenic Nematodes Employ ‘Sprinters' for Long-Distance Dispersal in the Absence of Hosts
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This use of ‘sprinters' for long-distance dispersal may represent an adaptive dispersal strategy by the otherwise ambush forager S. carpocapsae in the absence of hosts.Abstract:
Ambush foragers must employ a long-distance dispersal strategy to maximize reproductive success in the absence of hosts. This hypothesis was tested by comparing lateral dispersal of the ambusher, Steinernema carpocapsae, and the cruiser, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, nematodes from infected host cadavers in autoclaved, silt-loam soil in large microcosms (0.05–1.5 m2) with or without vegetation in the absence of hosts. Dispersal was estimated by taking soil cores (5 × 2 cm in diameter) from the microcosms at different intervals (6–240 hr) and distances (3.8–61 cm) from the infected host cadavers and baiting with Galleria mellonella larvae. The numbers of baited larvae killed and the numbers of infective juveniles (IJs) penetrated in dead baits were counted to compute the percentage of IJs dispersed from the source cadavers, based on the emergence potential and penetration efficiency of the 2 species, and analyzed. Vegetation enhanced dispersal of both species but more so for H. bacteriophora. Al...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Transmission Success of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Used in Pest Control
TL;DR: An overview of the major topics currently considered to affect transmission success of these biological control agents, including interactions with insects, plants and other members of the soil biota including conspecifics are given.
Journal ArticleDOI
Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Sustainable Food Production
TL;DR: This review summarizes significant progress made in the research and application of EPN in insect pest management in important food crops including orchards, small fruit, maize, vegetables, tuber crops, greenhouses, and mushrooms.
Book ChapterDOI
Entomopathogenic Nematodes in the Soil Environment: Distributions, Interactions and the Influence of Biotic and Abiotic Factors
TL;DR: Some aspects of the distribution of EPNs in the soil environment, what the authors know about their interactions, and the various biotic and abiotic factors that influence them are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature-dependent changes in the host-seeking behaviors of parasitic nematodes
TL;DR: Temperature-dependent modulation of behavior may enable IJs to optimize host seeking in response to changing environmental conditions, and may play a previously unrecognized role in shaping the interactions of both beneficial and harmful parasitic nematodes with their hosts.
Book ChapterDOI
Behaviour and Population Dynamics of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Following Application
TL;DR: The fate of EPN used in biocontrol is considered, focussing largely on inundative application to soil, to provide an overview of the transformation of a biotechnological product to an ecological entity.
References
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TL;DR: This chapter focuses on the techniques used for identifying, isolating, propagating, assay, assaying, and preserving nematodes that are parasitic in or pathogenic to insects.
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