Open AccessJournal Article
An Effector-Cell Independent Step in Target Cell Lysis by Sensitized Mouse Lymphocytes
Eric Martz,Baruj Benacerraf +1 more
TLDR
The effector-dependent action on the target cell is completed much earlier than evidenced by chromium-51 release, and subsequent, effectorindependent steps must occur before completion of target cell lysis.Abstract:
Heparin was previously shown to inhibit the lysis of target cells by sensitized thymus-derived mouse lymphocytes in vitro. However, heparin failed to inhibit target cell lysis when added to the cultures after only 10% specific release of chromium-51 had occurred. For further exploration of this phenomenon, effector cells have been specifically inactivated at various times during their action on target cells. This was accomplished with alloantiserum made in target strain mice (DBA/2) against effector strain cells (C57BL/6). Treatment of effector cells with this antiserum and complement rendered them unable to initiate new cytolytic events on target cells (and incidentally did not release soluble toxins). However, when untreated cultures were incubated for about 60 min, after which the effector cells had caused 10% specific release of chromium-51 from the target population, treatment of the cultures with anti-effector serum and complement did not interfere with the subsequent lysis of more than half of the target cell population. Hence, the effector-dependent action on the target cell is completed much earlier than evidenced by chromium-51 release, and subsequent, effectorindependent steps must occur before completion of target cell lysis. Data suggest that divalent cations are required for the effector-dependent phase, but not for the effector-independent phase.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Mechanism of Specific Tumor-Cell Lysis by Alloimmune T Lymphocytes: Resolution and Characterization of Discrete Steps in the Cellular Interaction
TL;DR: CTLs are believed to play a uniquely important role in physiological immune tissue destruction (for which serum immunoglobulins are usually insufficient), probably utilizing mononuclear phagocytes as an amplifying mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of cytotoxicity by target cell release and retention of the fluorescent dye bis-carboxyethyl-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF).
TL;DR: Using human CTL and natural killer cells as effectors, with a variety of lymphoid cells and fibroblasts as targets in 4 h assays, the BCECF retention technique was found to give cytotoxicity values comparable to the 51Cr release assay.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leucocyte adhesion to cells. Molecular basis, physiological relevance, and abnormalities.
Manuel Patarroyo,M. W. Makgoba +1 more
TL;DR: The present review will focus on the cell adhesion molecules expressed by leucocytes and their functional regulation, and on leucocyte functions studied in vitro and in vivo by adhesion-blocking antibodies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suppression of T‐lymphocyte cytotoxicity following exposure to sinusoidally amplitude‐modulated fields
TL;DR: An inhibitory but recoverable effect by certain amplitude modulations of weak nonionizing radiation upon the cell-mediated cytolytic immune response is demonstrated, suggesting a direct interaction of the field with the cy tolytic T lymphocyte.