Journal ArticleDOI
Animal Liberation: A Triangular Affair
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TLDR
The ethical foundations of the animal liberation movement are compared with those of Aldo Leopold's "land ethic", which is taken as the paradigm for environmental ethics in general.Abstract:
The ethical foundations of the \"animal liberation\" movement are compared with those of Aldo Leopold's \"land ethic,\" which is taken as the paradigm for environmental ethics in general. Notwithstanding certain superficial similarities, more profound practical and theoretical differences are exposed. While only sentient animals are moraIly considerable according to the humane ethic, the land ethic includes within its purview plants as weIl as animals and even soils and waters. Nor does the land ethic prohibit the hunting, killing, and eating ofcertain animal species, in sh~rp contrast to the humane ethic. The humane ethic rests upon Benthamic foundations: pain is taken to be the ultimate evil and it is reductive or atomistic in its moral focus. The land ethic, on the other hand, is holistic in the sense that the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community is its summum bonum. A classical antecedent of some of the formal characteristics of the land ethic is found in Plato's moral philosophy. Special consideration is given to the differing moral status of domestic and wild animals in the humane and land ethics and to the question of moral vegetarianism.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of biological invasions: what's what and the way forward
Daniel Simberloff,Jean-Louis Martin,Piero Genovesi,Virginie Maris,David A. Wardle,James Aronson,James Aronson,Franck Courchamp,Bella S. Galil,Emili García-Berthou,Michel Pascal,Petr Pyšek,Petr Pyšek,Ronaldo Sousa,Ronaldo Sousa,Eric Tabacchi,Montserrat Vilà +16 more
TL;DR: Recent progress in understanding invasion impacts and management is highlighted, and the challenges that the discipline faces in its science and interactions with society are discussed.
Book
Foundations of biophilosophy
Martin Mahner,Mario Bunge +1 more
TL;DR: Fundamental issues in Biophilosophy and Psychobiology are examined, as well as fundamental issues in Ecology, Developmental Biology, and Evolutionary Theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Representing people, representing nature, representing the world.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the need for a clearer account of nonhumans and future generations' role in democratic institutions and the proper sources of contestability of their outcomes, and point out the need to provide a clear account of their role and accountability.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the intrinsic value of informationobjects and the infosphere
TL;DR: This paper develops and supports the thesis that theminimal condition of possibility of an entity's least intrinsic value is to be identified with itsontological status as an information object and develops aminimalist axiology based on the concept of information object.
Journal ArticleDOI
When Utilitarians Should Be Virtue Theorists
TL;DR: The contrast typically made between utilitarianism and virtue theory is overdrawn as discussed by the authors, which implies that we should lie, cheat, steal, even appropriate Aristotle, when that is what brings about the best outcomes.