Journal ArticleDOI
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and scholastic achievement: A model of dual developmental pathways.
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TLDR
Results of the structural equation modeling analysis were consistent with the hypothesized dual pathway model and suggest that school behavior and select cognitive abilities serve as important mediators between attention deficit, intelligence, and later scholastic achievement.Abstract:
A conceptual model has recently been hypothesized in which parallel but correlated developmental pathways exist for attention deficit behaviors and conduct problems. An important component of this model suggests that attention deficit behaviors are related to later scholastic underachievement, whereas conduct problems are unrelated to scholastic underachievement except by their common correlation with attention deficit and intelligence. The present study replicated the general model using a cross-sectional sample of 325 children, and examined whether hypothesized dual pathways (behavioral and cognitive) better account for the relationship between attention deficit, intelligence, and later scholastic achievement. Results of the structural equation modeling analysis were consistent with the hypothesized dual pathway model and suggest that school behavior and select cognitive abilities serve as important mediators between attention deficit, intelligence, and later scholastic achievement. Implications of these results for understanding the developmental trajectory of children with attention deficit and general theoretical models of ADHD are discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor analytic studies
TL;DR: A survey of factor analytic studies of human cognitive abilities can be found in this paper, with a focus on the role of factor analysis in human cognitive ability evaluation and cognition. But this survey is limited.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Meta-Analysis of Working Memory Impairments in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
TL;DR: Evidence of WM impairments in children with ADHD supports recent theoretical models implicating WM processes in ADHD and is needed to more clearly delineate the nature, severity, and specificity of the impairments to ADHD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Academic and Educational Outcomes of Children With ADHD
Irene M. Loe,Heidi M. Feldman +1 more
TL;DR: Future research must use conceptually based outcome measures in prospective, longitudinal, and community-based studies to determine which pharmacologic, behavioral, and educational interventions can improve academic and educational outcomes of children with ADHD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why IQ is not a covariate in cognitive studies of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Maureen Dennis,David J. Francis,Paul T. Cirino,Russell Schachar,Marcia A. Barnes,Jack M. Fletcher +5 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that it is misguided and generally unjustified to attempt to control for IQ differences by matching procedures or, more commonly, by using IQ scores as covariates.
Journal ArticleDOI
ADHD and Achievement Meta-Analysis of the Child, Adolescent, and Adult Literatures and a Concomitant Study With College Students
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of the published literature since 1990 to determine the magnitude of achievement problems associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the impact of moderator variables on ADHD and achievement found student ratings were as predictive as parent ratings.
References
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Book
Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling
TL;DR: The book aims to provide the skills necessary to begin to use SEM in research and to interpret and critique the use of method by others.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit
Michael W. Browne,Robert Cudeck +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, two types of error involved in fitting a model are considered, error of approximation and error of fit, where the first involves the fit of the model, and the second involves the model's shape.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative fit indexes in structural models
TL;DR: A new coefficient is proposed to summarize the relative reduction in the noncentrality parameters of two nested models and two estimators of the coefficient yield new normed (CFI) and nonnormed (FI) fit indexes.