Bacteriology of symptomatic adenoids in children.
TLDR
Infection is the main cause of adenoid hypertrophy and early and prompt treatment with appropriate antibiotics will avoid unnecessary exposure to repeated antimicrobial therapy, thereby maintaining the beneficial effects of the normal adenoids flora.Abstract:
Background: Children with adenoid hypertrophy have been shown to harbor pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx despite antibiotics. Removal of the adenoid is associated with a reduction in the bacterial count. Aims: The study was done to determine the bacteriology of the adenoid tissue in chronic adenotonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy, and determine the antibiotic sensitivity of potential pathogens. Materials and Methods : This is a descriptive study conducted on 100 patients aged between three and twelve years who underwent adenotonsillectomy/adenoidectomy. After adenoidectomy, the specimen along with the swab taken from the surface of the adenoid was sent for microbiological examination. After 48 and 96 hours, the microbial growth was identified and the antibiotic-sensitivity pattern of the isolate was studied. Results: Aerobic organisms grew in 93% of the specimens and anaerobic organisms in 68%, whereas 7% had no growth. The surface was predominated by commensals and the pathogens were mainly found in the core. The predominant pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus species. The organisms were resistant to penicillin but showed sensitivity to co-amoxiclav and ciprofloxacin. Co-amoxiclav and ciprofloxacin should be considered as the first line of medical treatment for adenotonsillar diseases. Conclusions: Infection is the main cause of adenoid hypertrophy. Amoxicillin with potassium clavulanate and ciprofloxacin should be considered as the drugs of choice for all adenotonsillar diseases.Early and prompt treatment of adenoid hypertrophy with appropriate antibiotics will avoid unnecessary exposure to repeated antimicrobial therapy, thereby maintaining the beneficial effects of the normal adenoid flora.read more
Citations
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Adenoids in children: Advances in immunology, diagnosis, and surgery.
Ilaria Brambilla,Alessandro Pusateri,Fabio Pagella,Davide Caimmi,Silvia Caimmi,Amelia Licari,Salvatore Barberi,A. M. Castellazzi,Gian Luigi Marseglia +8 more
TL;DR: The aim in this review is to summarize the crucial points about not only the immunological histopathology of adenoidal tissue, especially in patients with adenoid hypertrophy, but also the most common and useful diagnostic techniques and surgical options.
Journal ArticleDOI
A role for Waldeyer's ring in immunological response to allergens.
Simonetta Masieri,Daria Trabattoni,Cristoforo Incorvaia,Maria Cristina De Luca,Ilaria Dell'Albani,Gualtiero Leo,Franco Frati +6 more
TL;DR: These preliminary findings warrant investigation in trials including larger numbers of patients, but indicate that hypertrophic adenoids of allergic children have the typical response to the specific allergen administered by SLIT.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gravitational forces, negative pressure and facial structure in the genesis of airway dysfunction during sleep: a review of the paradigm.
Howard D. Stupak,Steven Y. Park +1 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to synthesize and analyze the recent (and distant) relevant literature to provide support for, and provide a potential anatomic mechanism for Guilleminault et al.'s paradigm-questioning clinical observations.
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The effect of adenoidectomy on transnasal airflow in children with hypertrophy of adenoid tissue
Jan Sojak,Peter Durdik,R Pecova +2 more
TL;DR: Adenoidectomy significantly increased the airflow; however, the different effect in the group of children with the 1st and 2nd grade compared to the group with the 3rd and 4th grade is observed; therefore, the significant reduction of nasal obstruction symptoms might be expected only in this group of patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current trends of adenotonsillar hypertrophy presentation in a developing country, Nigeria
TL;DR: Assessment of the age group distribution, predisposing factors, clinical manifestation and complications of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in a developing country finds snoring, noisy breathing, tonsillar enlargement and narrowing of postnasal space air column are the commonly associated complications.
References
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Journal Article
Enlarged tonsils and the effect of tonsillectomy. Characteristics of the dentition and facial skeleton. Posture of the head, hyoid bone and tongue. Mode of breathing.
TL;DR: The results indicate that the children with enlarged tonsils seem to be associated with a characteristic postural and functional pattern, which in its turn seems to have had some influence on the dentition and craniofacial morphology.
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The role of beta-lactamase-producing-bacteria in mixed infections
TL;DR: Clinical, in vitro, and in vivo evidence supporting the role of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in the increased failure rate of penicillin in eradication of polymicrobial infections and the implication of that increased rate on the management of infections is discussed.
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Bacteriology of adenoids and tonsils in children with recurrent adenotonsillitis.
Itzhak Brook,Kiran Shah +1 more
TL;DR: A polymicrobial aerobic-anaerobic flora in both adenoids and tonsils is demonstrated, and discrepancies in recovery of pathogens such as GABHS are found between the tonsils and adenoid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adherent biofilms in adenotonsillar diseases in children.
TL;DR: The presence of biofilms in a significantly higher proportion of patients with chronically inflamed tonsils and adenoids vs patients with obstruction indicates an association between the presence ofBiofilms and chronic inflammation.
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Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of adenoids in children: a comparison between patients with chronic adenotonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy.
TL;DR: Adenoids were obtained from 18 children with chronic adenotonsillitis and from 12 others with adenoid hypertrohy and the core material was cultured for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.