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Black holes: The membrane paradigm
TLDR
In this article, the physics of black holes are explored in terms of a membrane paradigm which treats the event horizon as a two-dimensional membrane embedded in three-dimensional space, and a 3+1 formalism is used to split Schwarzschild space-time and the laws of physics outside a nonrotating hole.Abstract:
The physics of black holes is explored in terms of a membrane paradigm which treats the event horizon as a two-dimensional membrane embedded in three-dimensional space. A 3+1 formalism is used to split Schwarzschild space-time and the laws of physics outside a nonrotating hole, which permits treatment of the atmosphere in terms of the physical properties of thin slices. The model is applied to perturbed slowly or rapidly rotating and nonrotating holes, and to quantify the electric and magnetic fields and eddy currents passing through a membrane surface which represents a stretched horizon. Features of tidal gravitational fields in the vicinity of the horizon, quasars and active galalctic nuclei, the alignment of jets perpendicular to accretion disks, and the effects of black holes at the center of ellipsoidal star clusters are investigated. Attention is also given to a black hole in a binary system and the interactions of black holes with matter that is either near or very far from the event horizon. Finally, a statistical mechanics treatment is used to derive a second law of thermodynamics for a perfectly thermal atmosphere of a black hole.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Is There a Relationship between the Density of Primordial Black Holes in a Galaxy and the Rate of Cosmological Gamma-Ray Bursts?
TL;DR: In this article, the probability that a primordial black hole (PBH) is captured into an orbit around a star in a galaxy is found, and the mean lifetime of the PBH in such an orbit and the rate of orbital captures of PBHs in the galaxy are calculated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Holography and strong interactions: Some summaries
TL;DR: In this article, the phase transition to deconfinement is described as the "dimensional reduction" of the four-dimensional description to the three-dimensional one, which is only possible in the limit T → ∞ of very high temperatures.
Posted Content
What is the rate at which entropy of a string falling toward a black hole increases
TL;DR: A string is modeled as a self-avoiding walk and the rate at which information/entropy contained in the string spreads is found and it turns out that this is the maximum rate allowed by quantum theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the work done in changing the state of a black hole
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the process of slowly lowering a charged particle to the event horizon of a static charged black hole and then allowing it to be absorbed by the black hole.
Book ChapterDOI
Magnetic fields in thin accretion disks around black holes
R. Khanna,M. Camenzind +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the magnetic field topologies and magnetic field strength in a thin accretion disk around a rotating black hole were studied, where magnetic field is assumed to enter the disk at the outer edge and is amplified in the accretion process by differential rotation.