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Black holes: The membrane paradigm
TLDR
In this article, the physics of black holes are explored in terms of a membrane paradigm which treats the event horizon as a two-dimensional membrane embedded in three-dimensional space, and a 3+1 formalism is used to split Schwarzschild space-time and the laws of physics outside a nonrotating hole.Abstract:
The physics of black holes is explored in terms of a membrane paradigm which treats the event horizon as a two-dimensional membrane embedded in three-dimensional space. A 3+1 formalism is used to split Schwarzschild space-time and the laws of physics outside a nonrotating hole, which permits treatment of the atmosphere in terms of the physical properties of thin slices. The model is applied to perturbed slowly or rapidly rotating and nonrotating holes, and to quantify the electric and magnetic fields and eddy currents passing through a membrane surface which represents a stretched horizon. Features of tidal gravitational fields in the vicinity of the horizon, quasars and active galalctic nuclei, the alignment of jets perpendicular to accretion disks, and the effects of black holes at the center of ellipsoidal star clusters are investigated. Attention is also given to a black hole in a binary system and the interactions of black holes with matter that is either near or very far from the event horizon. Finally, a statistical mechanics treatment is used to derive a second law of thermodynamics for a perfectly thermal atmosphere of a black hole.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cold Plasma Gravitomagnetic Waves in a Kerr Planar Analogue
Muhammad Sharif,Umber Sheikh +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the wave properties of the Kerr black hole magnetosphere near the pair production region for a cold plasma were investigated and the dispersion relations were obtained and the values of the components of the wave vector k were given.
Spinar paradigm and the central engine of gamma-ray bursts
TL;DR: In this article, a model of spinar quasi-equilibrium has been proposed in the context of an extralong X-ray plateau in a gamma-ray burst, which allows the unification of the phenomena of precursors, X-rays and optical flares, and the appearance of a plateau on the time scale of several thousand seconds.
Book ChapterDOI
Black Holes and Thermodynamics: The First Half Century
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the evolution of black hole thermodynamics over five decades, starting in the 1960s, is presented, together with the physical insights by Bekenstein about black hole entropy and the semi-classical derivation by Hawking of Black Hole evaporation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nearly horizon skimming orbits of Kerr black holes
Scott A. Hughes,Scott A. Hughes +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that a small body spiraling into a Kerr black hole due to gravitational-wave emission will be driven into orbits of progressively smaller inclination angle, toward the equator.
Journal ArticleDOI
Magnetic Field Effects near the launching region of Astrophysical Jets
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of magnetic reconnection and associated heating and particle acceleration in jet/accretion disk systems, namely young stellar objects (YSOs), microquasars, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs), is reviewed.