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Breast carcinoma in men: a population-based study.

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TLDR
The goals of the current study were to fill in the major gaps in knowledge regarding the incidence, presenting characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival rates of male breast carcinoma and to determine how Breast carcinoma differs between men and women.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male breast carcinoma is an uncommon disease, and most previous studies have been single-institution series that were limited by extremely small sample sizes. The goals of the current study were to fill in the major gaps in knowledge regarding the incidence, presenting characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival rates of male breast carcinoma and to determine how breast carcinoma differs between men and women. METHODS Data from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 1973–1998 database were used. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated. Characteristics of the patients and presenting tumors were compared between men and women. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the effect of each variable on overall survival. Survival rates by disease stage were compared for men and women. RESULTS Over the years of the study, the incidence of male breast carcinoma increased significantly from 0.86 to 1.08 per 100,000 population (P < 0.001). Men had a higher median age at diagnosis (P < 0.001) and were more likely to have lymph node involvement (P < 0.001), a more advanced stage at diagnosis (P < 0.001), and tumors that were positive for estrogen receptor (ER) (P < 0.001) and progesterone receptor (PR) (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, larger tumor size and lymph node involvement were associated with shortened survival. Tumor grade and ER/PR status did not appear to independently influence survival. Relative survival rates by stage of disease for men and women were similar. CONCLUSIONS Although it remains a rare disease, the incidence of male breast carcinoma is increasing. Breast carcinoma in men has some epidemiologic and biologic differences from breast carcinoma in women. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Distress in couples coping with cancer: A meta-analysis and critical review of role and gender effects

TL;DR: The association between patient and partner distress within couples was only moderate but is sufficient to warrant further consideration of the notion that these couples react as an emotional system rather than as individuals, and attention needs to be directed toward factors other than cancer as direct influences of distress in these couples.
Journal ArticleDOI

Male breast cancer

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the risk factors for male breast cancer, including hyperoestrogenization resulting from Klinefelter's, gonadal dysfunction, obesity, or excess alcohol, all increase risk as does exposure to radiation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Multidisciplinary Meeting on Male Breast Cancer: Summary and Research Recommendations

TL;DR: The Breast International Group and North American Breast Cancer Group have joined efforts to develop an International Male Breast Cancer Program and to pool epidemiologic data, clinical information, and tumor specimens to enhance the understanding of male breast cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI

Male Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Comparison With Female Breast Cancer

TL;DR: Age-specific incidence patterns showed that the biology of male breast cancer resembled that of late-onset female breast cancer, and similar breast cancer incidence trends among men and women suggested that there are common breast cancer risk factors that affect both sexes, especially estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
References
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Book

International Classification of Diseases for Oncology

TL;DR: This list of diseases for oncology includes cancers of the central nervous system, as well as other types of diseases such as lymphoma, leukaemia, and so on.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cancer statistics, 2003.

TL;DR: The American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year, and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival by using incidence data from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and mortality data from National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
Journal ArticleDOI

Breast Cancer in Men

TL;DR: A review of the literature was undertaken with emphasis on articles published over a 10-year period as mentioned in this paper, focusing on the epidemiology, risk factors, genetics, pathology, molecular markers, prognostic factors, therapy, and outcomes of breast cancer in men.
Journal ArticleDOI

Male breast carcinoma: a review of 229 patients who presented to the Princess Margaret Hospital during 40 years: 1955-1996.

TL;DR: In this paper, a single-institution review of clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of male breast carcinoma was conducted, where the patients were analyzed both as a single cohort and as four cohorts grouped according to decade of diagnosis.
Journal ArticleDOI

Male breast cancer: a clinicopathologic study of 97 cases.

TL;DR: Comparison with a series of 304 women with breast cancer operated on at Memorial Hospital in 1960 revealed no difference with regard to incidence of positive axillary lymph nodes or stage of disease, there was, however, a significantly lower survival rate for men.
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